White Matter Lesion Assessment in Patients with Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Controls: Reliability Comparisons between Visual Rating, a Manual, and an Automatic Volumetrical MR... by Erik Olsson, Niklas Klasson, Josef Berge, Carl Eckerström, Åke Edman, Helge Malmgren, Anders Wallin

“…Age-related white matter lesions (WML) are a risk factor for stroke, cognitive decline, and dementia. Different requirements are imposed on methods for the assessment of WML in clinical settings and for research purposes, but reliability analysis is of major importance. …”
Get full text

Modulation of Second Messenger Signaling in the Brain Through PDE4 and PDE5 Inhibition: Therapeutic Implications for Neurological Disorders by Min Kyu Park, Hyun Wook Yang, Seo Young Woo, Dong Yeon Kim, Dae-Soon Son, Bo Young Choi, Sang Won Suh

“…Elevated PDE4 activity impairs synaptic plasticity by reducing cAMP levels and protein kinase A (PKA) activity, contributing to cognitive decline, acute brain injuries, and neuropsychiatric conditions such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. …”
Get full text

Seizure-Induced Regulations of Amyloid-β, STEP61, and STEP61 Substrates Involved in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity by Sung-Soo Jang, Sara E. Royston, Gunhee Lee, Shuwei Wang, Hee Jung Chung

“…Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Pathologic accumulation of soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers impairs synaptic plasticity and causes epileptic seizures, both of which contribute to cognitive dysfunction in AD. …”
Get full text

Superficial Siderosis and Anticoagulation Therapy: Different Presentations, Different Outcomes by Rui Duarte Barreto, Luís Ruano, Vítor Tedim Cruz, Carlos Veira, Paula Coutinho

“…Two Caucasian women, both under long-term oral anticoagulation: a 74 year old woman with slowly progressive hearing loss and mild cerebellar ataxia; a 72 year old woman suffering from behavioural changes, rapidly progressive cognitive decline and latter developing paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed striking hypointensities along the surfaces of cerebellum, brainstem, frontotemporal cortices, spinal cord, and lumbar arachnoid therefore suggesting superficial siderosis. …”
Get full text

Natural bioactive compounds form herbal medicine in Alzheimer’s disease: from the perspective of GSK-3β by Mei Wang, Wendi Huang, Juan Huang, Juan Huang, Yong Luo, Yong Luo, Nanqu Huang, Nanqu Huang

“…Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) plays a pivotal role in AD pathogenesis, particularly in tau protein hyperphosphorylation. …”
Get full text

The Clock Drawing Task reveals executive dysfunction in the dialysis population – an underrecognized and underestimated problem by Piotr Olejnik, Aleksandra Golenia, Oliwia Maciejewska, Ewa Wojtaszek, Paweł Żebrowski, Jolanta Małyszko

“…Yet, it remains underdiagnosed, even though it may significantly influence the lives of patients.Materials and methods In this cross-sectional, prospective study, 58 dialysis patients with no cognitive decline on the MMSE screening were assessed for executive function impairment using the Executive Clock-Drawing Task (CLOX). …”
Get full text

Association between osteoarthritis and cognitive function: results from the NHANES 2011–2014 and Mendelian randomization study by Kun Zhao, Liuyan Nie, Jingting Zhao, Yankai Dong, Kaixiu Jin, Song Wang, Xiangming Ye

“…Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there is no significant association or causal relationship between OA and cognitive decline. However, depression may serve as an important factor influencing cognitive outcomes. …”
Get full text

The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Key Mechanisms Driving Glymphopathy and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease by Che Mohd Nasril Che Mohd Nassir, Muhammad Danial Che Ramli, Mazira Mohamad Ghazali, Usman Jaffer, Hafizah Abdul Hamid, Muhammad Zulfadli Mehat, Zaw Myo Hein

“…The recent explosion of microbiome research has begun to detail its important role in neurological health, particularly concerning cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), a disorder associated with cognitive decline and vascular dementia. This narrative review represents state-of-the-art knowledge of the intimate, complex interplay between microbiota and brain health through the gut–brain axis (GBA) and the emerging role of glymphatic system dysfunction (glymphopathy) and circulating cell-derived microparticles (MPs) as mediators of these interactions. …”
Get full text

Functional connectivity-based compensation in the brains of non-demented older adults and the influence of lifestyle: A longitudinal 7-year study by Pascal Frédéric Deschwanden, Isabel Hotz, Susan Mérillat, Lutz Jäncke

“…Introduction: The aging brain is characterized by structural decline and functional connectivity changes towards dedifferentiation, leading to cognitive decline. To some degree, the brain can compensate for structural deterioration. …”
Get full text

Clinically probable RBD is an early predictor of malignant non-motor Parkinson’s disease phenotypes by Alfonso Enrique Martinez-Nunez, Hunter Hutchinson, Patricia Coutinho, Filipe Pereira Sarmento, Venkat Srikar Lavu, Qingqi Yuan, Jagan Mohan Reddy Dwarampudi, Aysegul Gunduz, Gregory M. Pontone, Michael S. Okun, Joshua K. Wong

“…RBD is linked to increased rates of depression and cognitive decline. This study explores how early RBD can predict the development of NMS profiles in patients, comparing those with and without early RBD. …”
Get full text

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Dementia: Physiopathological Mechanisms and Clinical Consequences by Gloria Ortiz-Guerrero, Diana Amador-Muñoz, Carlos Alberto Calderón-Ospina, Daniel López-Fuentes, Mauricio Orlando Nava Mesa

“…Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, mainly encompassing cognitive decline in subjects aged ≥65 years. Further, AD is characterized by selective synaptic and neuronal degeneration, vascular dysfunction, and two histopathological features: extracellular amyloid plaques composed of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles formed by hyperphosphorylated tau protein. …”
Get full text

From Mild Ataxia to Huntington Disease Phenocopy: The Multiple Faces of Spinocerebellar Ataxia 17 by Georgios Koutsis, Marios Panas, George P. Paraskevas, Anastasia M. Bougea, Athina Kladi, Georgia Karadima, Elisabeth Kapaki

“…It is a very heterogeneous ADCA characterized by ataxia, cognitive decline, psychiatric symptoms, and involuntary movements, with some patients presenting with Huntington disease (HD) phenocopies. …”
Get full text

Integrative multiomics reveals common endotypes across PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP mutations in familial Alzheimer’s disease by Phoebe Valdes, Andrew B. Caldwell, Qing Liu, Michael Q. Fitzgerald, Srinivasan Ramachandran, Celeste M. Karch, Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN), Douglas R. Galasko, Shauna H. Yuan, Steven L. Wagner, Shankar Subramaniam

“…Abstract Background PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP mutations cause Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with an early age at onset (AAO) and progressive cognitive decline. PSEN1 mutations are more common and generally have an earlier AAO; however, certain PSEN1 mutations cause a later AAO, similar to those observed in PSEN2 and APP. …”
Get full text

Klasifikasi Penyakit Alzheimer Dari Scan Mri Otak Menggunakan Convnext by Yehezkiel Stephanus Austin, Haikal Irfano, Juan Young Christopher, Lintang Cahyaning Sukma, Octo Perdana Putra, Riyadh Ilham Ardhanto, Novanto Yudistira

“…Abstract   A Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes significant cognitive decline. Early detection is crucial for managing this disease to improve patients' quality of life through efficient and timely medical care. …”
Get full text

Blood-based biomarkers in mild behavioral impairment: an updated overview by Efthalia Angelopoulou, Xenia Androni, Chiara Villa, Alexandros Hatzimanolis, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Sokratis Papageorgiou

“…Mild behavioral impairment (MBI), characterized by the emergence of persistent neuropsychiatric manifestations in older adults, has attracted increasing attention as a potential early indicator of cognitive decline and dementia. A growing number of studies have recently begun to explore the relationship between MBI and several blood-based biomarkers associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, neurodegeneration, as well as systemic metabolic and inflammatory dysregulation. …”
Get full text

Ectopic expression of the cation-chloride cotransporter KCC2 in blood exosomes as a biomarker for functional rehabilitation by L. Caccialupi Da Prato, A. Rezzag Lebza, A. Consumi, M. Tessier, A. Srinivasan, C. Rivera, C. Rivera, J. Laurin, C. Pellegrino

“…BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disabilities in industrialized countries. Cognitive decline typically occurs in the chronic phase of the condition, following cellular and molecular processes. …”
Get full text

Spatial Cognitive EEG Feature Extraction and Classification Based on MSSECNN and PCMI by Xianglong Wan, Yue Sun, Yiduo Yao, Wan Zuha Wan Hasan, Dong Wen

“…The MSSECNN model’s advantages in spatial cognitive state classification provide valuable technical support for early identification and intervention in cognitive decline.…”
Get full text

Impact of the Timing of Enzyme Replacement Therapy Initiation and Cognitive Impairment Status on Outcomes for Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II) in the United States:... by Karen S. Yee, David Alexanderian, Yidie Feng, Xiaowei Ren, Bernd Schweikert, Olulade Ayodele

“…Patient care could be improved with early cognitive assessments and the development of treatments that address cognitive decline.…”
Get full text

Feasibility of Cognitive Training in Combination With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in a Home-Based Context (TrainStim-Home): study protocol for a randomised controlled t... by Ulrike Grittner, Agnes Flöel, Rafal Nowak, Friederike Thams, Daria Antonenko, Merle Rocke, Robert Malinowski

“…Combined interventions of cognitive training and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have shown promising results for counteracting age-associated cognitive decline. However, access to clinical centres for repeated sessions is challenging, particularly in rural areas and for older adults with reduced mobility, and lack of clinical personnel and hospital space prevents extended interventions in larger cohorts. …”
Get full text

Effectiveness of Contrast Agents and Molecular Indicators in Alzheimer's Diagnosis Through PET and SPECT Imaging on Animal Models by Yasaman Abaszadeh, Ramin Ardalani, Athena Dehghan Najm Abadi

“… Purpose: The importance of cognitive decline has increased due to an aging population and changing lifestyles. …”
Get full text