Technique of Peritoneal Catheter Placement under Fluroscopic Guidance by Ahmed Kamel Abdel-Aal, Santhosh Gaddikeri, Souheil Saddekni

“…Other uses of this catheter include intraperitoneal chemotherapy and gene therapy for ovarian cancer and draining of uncontrolled refractory ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis. Traditionally, surgeons place most of these peritoneal catheters either by laparoscopy or open laparotomy. …”
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Modern Approaches to Vaccination of Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases against a Novel Coronavirus Infection by A. A. Sheptulin, V. T. Ivashkin

“…It has been shown that many patients with CLD (cirrhosis of the liver, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) have a higher risk of severe course of a novel coronavirus infection, which necessitates their vaccination. …”
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Biological rhythms of the liver by Anatol Panasiuk, Mirosław Tarasewicz, Albert Chodowiec, Anna Łokić, Kacper Gan

“…Clock dysfunctions contribute to the pathogenesis of various disorders, including fatty liver disease, liver cirrhosis and different types of cancer. Therefore understanding circadian rhythm can have significant implications for the therapy of many liver diseases, as well as the development of new preventive and treatment strategies.…”
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Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells: Report of the Seventh Case in the Literature by Lorenzo Dioscoridi, Damiano Bisogni, Giancarlo Freschi

“…Histologically, the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma with high grade differentiation associated with giant osteoclast-like cells was done without any evidence of hepatitis or cirrhosis in the surrounding hepatic parenchyma. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD10 and CD68 and in situ hybridization revealed the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) in the giant cells and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) in the tumor cells.…”
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MASH as an emerging cause of hepatocellular carcinoma: current knowledge and future perspectives by Michael Karin, Ju Youn Kim

“…Among HCC etiologies, metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has served as a major HCC driver due to its great potential for increasing cirrhosis. The obesogenic environment fosters a positive energy balance and results in a continuous rise of obesity and metabolic syndrome. …”
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First Schistosomal Cholecystitis Complicated by Cholangitis and Liver Abscess: Case Report and Review of Literature by Ali Toffaha, Samir Al Hyassat, Walid Elmoghazy, Hatem Khalaf, Ahmed Elaffandi

“…When it affects the gastrointestinal system specifically the liver, it causes periportal fibrosis followed by cirrhosis. Cholecystitis however is a rare presentation, and associated liver abscess has certainly never been reported to date. …”
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Fibrolamellar Carcinoma: 2012 Update by Michael Torbenson

“…Fibrolamellar carcinomas are not indolent tumors, but have an overall better prognosis than typical hepatocellular carcinomas, in part because of the younger age at presentation and the lack of cirrhosis. The most important prognostic feature is whether the tumor is resectable. …”
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Glucocorticosteroids and the Risk of NAFLD in Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Sara Jarmakiewicz-Czaja, Aneta Sokal, Piotr Pardak, Rafał Filip

“…Certain groups of drugs also increase the risk of developing inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Particularly important in the development of NAFLD are steroids, which are used in the treatment of many diseases, for example, IBD. …”
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An overview of downhill esophageal varices: a challenge for medical practice by Donghong Wang, Zhibin Ma

“…Meanwhile, it emphasizes the significance of case reports.Results Clinicians should be conscious that esophageal varices are not necessarily caused by liver cirrhosis or non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.Conclusions Specifically, when varices are only observed in the upper and middle esophagus, and the patient presents with evidence of superior vena cava obstruction, clinicians should be particularly vigilant for downhill esophageal varices. …”
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A Rare Case of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Masquerading as a Forehead Hematoma by Kimberly Sanders, Ashley Thomas, Carmen Isache, Anwer Siddiqi

“…Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and can arise from any form of chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. With increasing rates of metabolic syndrome and obesity, it is not surprising that NASH is quickly becoming a leading cause of chronic liver disease and HCC in the western hemisphere (Wang and Malhi, 2018). …”
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Hepatitis C Virus in Arab World: A State of Concern by Mohamed A. Daw, Aghnaya A. Dau

“…Hepatitis C virus has been considered to be one of the most important devastating causes of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatic cellular carcinoma. The prevalence of such virus varies greatly over the world. …”
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Veillonella Bacteremia in Alcoholic Hepatitis by Patrick Lee, Brandon K. K. Fields, Tom Liang, Michael P. Dubé, Seth Politano

“…Veillonella species have been correlated with disease severity and hepatic encephalopathy in liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis and cirrhosis. Their abundance has also been recently observed to be increased in alcoholic hepatitis, where postinflammatory infections are known to impact mortality. …”
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Nanomaterials based biosensors applied for detection of aflatoxin B1 in cereals: a review by Loyce Namanya, Emma Panzi Mukhokosi, Ediriisa Mugampoza

“…Liver damage is a result of prolonged exposure to AFB1, which raises the prevalence of liver cancer and cirrhosis. Different biosensors have been fabricated using various nanoparticles to detect aflatoxins in food. …”
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TLR Specific Immune Responses against Helminth Infections by Sivaprakasam Rajasekaran, Rajamanickam Anuradha, Ramalingam Bethunaickan

“…Owing to the longevity of the worms and paucity of immunologic controls, these parasites survive for long periods within the bloodstream, lymphatics, and gastrointestinal tract resulting in pathologic conditions such as anemia, cirrhosis, and lymphatic filariasis. Despite infection, an asymptomatic state may be maintained by the host immunoregulatory environment, which involves multiple levels of regulatory cells and cytokines; a breakdown of this regulation is observed in pathological disease. …”
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Diagnostic Effectiveness of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 in Assessing the Risk of Developing Graft Dysfunction in Liver Recipient Children by R. M. Kurabekova, O. M. Tsiroulnikova, I. E. Pashkova, A. G. Olefirenko, O. E. Gichkun, L. V. Makarova, R. A. Monakhov, P. O. Shevchenko

“…The level of TGF-β1 in the blood of children with liver cirrhosis was lower than in healthy children (p = 0.001). …”
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Characterization and Detection Strategy Exploration in Cryptogenic Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights From a Super‐Aged Region in Japan by Takaaki Sugihara, Takakazu Nagahara, Takuya Kihara, Suguru Ikeda, Yoshiki Hoshino, Yukako Matsuki, Takuki Sakaguchi, Hiroki Kurumi, Takumi Onoyama, Tomoaki Takata, Tomomitsu Matono, Hajime Isomoto

“…Conclusion Patients with c‐HCC were predominantly elderly, without cirrhosis or diabetes, and exhibited minimal gender differences. …”
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Alcohol abuse in gastroenterological patients by M. V. Mayevskaya, I. G. Bakulin, A. A. Chirkov, Ye. O. Lyusina, V. D. Lun’Kov

“…Thirty-two percent of patients had liver cirrhosis of toxic and viral etiology, 18% had chronic toxic and viral hepatitis, 11% - non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and various biliary diseases respectively, chronic pancreatitis and chronic gastritis subgroups represented 6% of all patients each, irritable bowel syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease - 4% each, primary biliary cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, stomach and duodenal peptic ulcer disease - 2%. …”
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Preoperative Alpha-Fetoprotein Slope is Predictive of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Liver Transplantation by Kathy Han, George N Tzimas, Jeffrey S Barkun, Peter Metrakos, Jean I Tchervenkov, Nir Hilzenrat, Phil Wong, M Deschênes

“…BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation (LT) offers a possible cure for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis. However, tumour progression while on the waiting list and tumour recurrence after LT are common. …”
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Rapidly Progressing Osteomyelitis of the Mandible by Yukiko Kusuyama, Ken Matsumoto, Shino Okada, Ken Wakabayashi, Noritami Takeuchi, Yoshiaki Yura

“…The patient had liver cirrhosis, which should be one of the systemic factors that affect immune surveillance and metabolism. …”
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Non-cirrhotic Splenic-portal Thrombosis, non-tumoral Polycitemia Vera: an Infrequent Association by Samuel Sánchez Sánchez, Karina Rivero García, Osvaldo Rodríguez Morales, René Rivero Rodríguez

“…Splenic-portal thrombosis not associated to cirrhosis or neoplasias have an incidence below 5 every 10000 inhabitants, between 17-53 % are associated to any type of primary mieloproliferative syndrome. …”
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