Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors in the Treatment of Retinal Degenerative Diseases: Overview and Perspectives by Hua Zhang, Xufeng Dai, Yan Qi, Ying He, Wei Du, Ji-jing Pang

“…Histone acetylation and deacetylation can regulate chromosome assembly, gene transcription, and posttranslational modification, which are regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), respectively. …”
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Remarkable response to low dose of selpercatinib in a patient with RET-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer by Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Hirofumi Takahashi, Kenichiro Ito, Tomoo Ikari, Yasuyuki Ikezawa, Hidenori Kitai, Megumi Furuta, Yuta Takashima, Tetsuaki Shoji, Masahide Fukudo, Satoshi Konno

“…Chromosomal rearrangements of the RET (rearranged during transfection) gene are detected in approximately 1–2% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and have function as oncogenic driver genes. …”
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Computational protocol for analyzing whole-genome sequencing data from Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates by Miquel Sánchez-Osuna, Ivan Erill, Oriol Gasch, Oscar Q. Pich

“…We describe steps for de novo assembly, functional annotation, and genetic characterization of chromosomal and extrachromosomal elements. This approach paves the way for an improved understanding of the interplay between virulence factors, resistome, strain type, and disease severity.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sánchez-Osuna et al.1 : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.…”
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A Case of Clitoral Hypertrophy of Unknown Origin by Tetsuya Okaneya, Kiyoshi Onishi, Michio Saze, Kei Iwakura, Hiroko Sakuma

“…Various tests were performed. Sex chromosome or hormonal abnormalities and tumorous lesions were not detected, and the ovaries, uterus, and vagina were normal, indicating that disorders of mullerian development were negative. …”
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A Novel del(20q) in Aggressive Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma by Jason B. Kern, Deiter J. Duff, Jamie L. Odem, Magda Esebua, Lisa R. Smith, Donald Doll, Michael Wang

“…This is a case report of a previously undescribed 20q chromosomal deletion (del(20q)) in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). …”
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Synaptic Plasticity, a Prominent Contributor to the Anxiety in Fragile X Syndrome by Tao Yang, Huan Zhao, Changbo Lu, Xiaoyu Li, Yingli Xie, Hao Fu, Hui Xu

“…Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an inheritable neuropsychological disease caused by expansion of the CGG trinucleotide repeat affecting the fmr1 gene on X chromosome, resulting in silence of the fmr1 gene and failed expression of FMRP. …”
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Draft genome sequence of a co-harbouring blaNDM-5 and mcr-1.1 Escherichia coli phylogroup A isolate associated with patient colonisation in Ireland by Anna Tumeo, Francesca McDonagh, Aneta Kovarova, Kate Ryan, Christina Clarke, Georgios Miliotis

“…Resistance to beta-lactams, including carbapenems and cephalosporins was likely due to chromosomally identified blaNDM-5. Colistin resistance appeared associated with acquired mcr-1.1. …”
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Development of SacB-based counterselection for efficient allelic exchange in Fusobacterium nucleatum by Peng Zhou, Bibek G C, Bo Hu, Chenggang Wu

“…Post-counterselection with 5% sucrose, chromosomal plasmid loss occurred in all colonies, leading to gene alternations in half of the screened isolates. …”
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Role of the Notch signaling pathway in porcine oocyte maturation by Pil-Soo Jeong, Hyo-Gu Kang, Dabin Cha, Se-Been Jeon, Min Ju Kim, Bong-Seok Song, Bo-Woong Sim, Sanghoon Lee

“…RO treatment during oocyte maturation markedly reduced meiotic maturation and embryogenesis, inhibiting the cell cycle progression, spindle assembly, and chromosome alignment processes that are important for meiotic maturation. …”
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Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses: a comparison of meta- and mega-analyses in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study by Alan Kuang, Marie-France Hivert, M. Geoffrey Hayes, William L. Lowe, Denise M. Scholtens

“…Associations in this same region were identified using the mega-analysis pipeline, along with a well-documented association at MTNR1B on chromosome 11 with both fasting and 1-hr maternal glucose. …”
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Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: MRI and CT Findings by K. O. Kragha

“…The diagnosis of MPNST is extremely difficult due to the lack of (1) conclusive immunohistochemistry or unique chromosomal anomaly, (2) universal distinctive histopathology, and (3) clinical criteria. …”
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Chimeric RNA in Cancer and Stem Cell Differentiation by Justin Elfman, Hui Li

“…Gene fusions are considered hallmarks of cancer which can be produced by chromosomal rearrangements. These DNA-level fusion events may result in the expression of chimeric RNAs; however, chimeric RNAs can be also produced by intergenic splicing events. …”
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PPAR𝛾, PTEN, and the Fight against Cancer by Rosemary E. Teresi, Kristin A. Waite

“…Recent in vitro studies have shown that PPAR𝛾 can regulate the transcription of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten (PTEN), a known tumor suppressor. PTEN is a susceptibility gene for a number of disorders, including breast and thyroid cancer. …”
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Spatial Positioning of RET and H4 Following Radiation Exposure Leads to Tumor Development by Yuri E. Nikiforov

“…A high prevalence of chromosomal rearrangements involving the RET gene was found among these radiation-induced thyroid tumors [2,3]. …”
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A discussion of anesthesiologically relevant aspects of Klinefelter syndrome -a case report- by Christine Gaik, Katharina Politt

“…Background Klinefelter syndrome (KS), usually the 47,XXY karyotype, is the most common sex chromosome anomaly in males. However, many cases remain undiagnosed because the clinical presentation is highly variable and physicians are not sufficiently trained to assess for this condition. …”
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Multiobjective Multidepot Capacitated Arc Routing Optimization Based on Hybrid Algorithm by Liang Wu

“…After completing the system clustering, the Dijkstra algorithm is used to adjust the boundary arc locally and merge it to a reasonable depot, while in the genetic algorithm, the structure of the chromosome is reset to use the path as the way of real coding, and the elite selection is used to decode to obtain the optimal path optimization scheme. …”
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Murine Leukemia Viruses: Objects and Organisms by Alan Rein

“…These are the Gag polyprotein, which is the structural protein of a retrovirus particle, the Pol protein, comprising the three retroviral enzymes—protease, which catalyzes the maturation of the particle, reverse transcriptase, which copies the viral RNA into DNA upon infection of a new host cell, and integrase, which inserts the DNA into the chromosomal DNA of the host cell, and the Env polyprotein, which induces the fusion of the viral membrane with that of the new host cell, initiating infection. …”
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Primary Synovial Sarcoma of the Scrotum by Nourah Al-Oudah, Sara Alanazi, Sarah Saad Alotaibi, Nayef Alzahrani

“…The cytogenetic testing showed a chromosomal translocation in the SS18 gene at 18q11.2, consistent with the diagnosis of primary synovial sarcoma. …”
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Protocol for genetic analysis of population-scale ultra-low-depth sequencing data by Jingyu Zeng, Linxuan Li, Ying Lin, Xianmei Lan, Xinyi Zhang, Yingying Wang, Mingzhi Liao, Xin Jin, Huanhuan Zhu

“…Summary: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) not only enables the detection of chromosomal anomalies in fetuses but also generates vast amounts of ultra-low-depth sequencing data, which can be leveraged for population genomic studies. …”
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A Case Report of a Patient with Turner Syndrome, Multiple Comorbidities, and Pustular Psoriasis: Correlation or Coincidence? by Andjela Egger, Andrea Maderal, Hadar Lev-Tov, Olivera Stojadinovic

“…Turner syndrome (TS) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities. Patients with TS are at an increased risk for the development of metabolic syndrome, hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus type II (DM2), hyperlipidemia (HLD), obesity, and cardiovascular disease. …”
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