Fear extinction retention in children, adolescents, and adults by Ebba Widegren, Johan Vegelius, Matilda A. Frick, Ashika A. Roy, Stefan Möller, Johan Lundin Kleberg, Johanna Motilla Hoppe, Olof Hjorth, David Fällmar, Daniel S. Pine, Karin Brocki, Malin Gingnell, Andreas Frick

“…In contrast to findings in rodents, fear conditioning in humans may elicit similar physiological responses and recruit similar neural networks from childhood to adulthood.…”
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Preclinical optimization of a GPC2-targeting CAR T-cell therapy for neuroblastoma by Nan Li, Haiying Qin, Rosa Nguyen, Mitchell Ho, Ming Sun, Eytan Ruppin, Michael C Kelly, Yingying Cao, Reona Okada, Jeyshka M Reyes-González, Hannah G Stack, Charlie Seibert, Carol J Thiele

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) trends in Sri Lanka: insights from a hospital-based seroprevalence analysis by Narapity Pathirannehalage Sunil-Chandra, Madawala Vithanage Madusha Lakmali Jayasundara, Maththe Gama Ralalage Shobha Sanjeewani Gunathilaka, Suduwa Dewage Himal Suminda

“…Over 90% of individuals are infected with HCMV by age 15, indicating a high prevalence of primary infections from early childhood to adolescence. This study provides essential background information on HCMV infection and its impacts in diverse populations of Sri Lanka and aids in executing preventive and therapeutic measures in high-risk populations.…”
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A scoping review on the obstacles faced by beta thalassemia major patients in Pakistan- Matter of policy investment by Ali Hussain Ansari, Saqib Hussain Ansari, Mubarak Jabeen Salman, Muhammad Usman Hussain Ansari, Rawshan Jabeen

“…With improvements in management over the years, β-TM has transitioned from a fatal childhood disease to a chronic condition. However, in Pakistan, there is still a lack of a comprehensive national policy and strategic plan, which has resulted in a growing number of β-TM patients, placing a substantial burden on individuals and the national healthcare system. …”
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Effective dietary interventions during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of behavior change techniques to promote healthy eating by Hannah O’Connor, Nina Meloncelli, Shelley A. Wilkinson, Anna Mae Scott, Lisa Vincze, Alita Rushton, Samantha Dawson, Jenna Hollis, Bree Whiteoak, Sarah Gauci, Susan de Jersey

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Neuronal density in the brain cortex and hippocampus in Clsnt2-KO mouse strain modeling autistic spectrum disorder by I. N. Rozhkova, S. V. Okotrub, E. Yu. Brusentsev, E. E. Uldanova, E. А. Chuyko, T. V. Lipina, T. G. Amstislavskaya, S. Ya. Amstislavsky

“…Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) represent conditions starting in childhood, which are characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, as well as non-typical and stereotyping models of behavior. …”
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Item-level measurement properties of the pediatric awareness and sensory motor assessment in children with medical complexity by Brooke Mulrenin, Bryant A. Seamon, Carrie Cormack, Kimberly Lane Kascak, Cynthia Dodds

“…Their neurological impairments often limit participation in childhood activities, affecting quality of life. Current assessment tools fail to detect subtle abilities in CMC, hindering development of effective rehabilitation goals and interventions. …”
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Longitudinal maternal glycemia during pregnancy and placental epigenetic age acceleration by Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold, Prabhavi Wijesiriwardhana, Richard J. Biedrzycki, Cuilin Zhang, Katherine L. Grantz, Jagteshwar Grewal, Fasil Tekola-Ayele

“…Placental epigenetic aging may be altered by maternal elevated glycemia and may in part underlie early programming of health outcomes in pregnancy and childhood health outcomes.…”
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Universal conditional networks (UniCoN) for multi-age embryonic cartilage segmentation with Sparsely annotated data by Nishchal Sapkota, Yejia Zhang, Zihao Zhao, Maria Jose Gomez, Yuhan Hsi, Jordan A. Wilson, Kazuhiko Kawasaki, Greg Holmes, Meng Wu, Ethylin Wang Jabs, Joan T. Richtsmeier, Susan M. Motch Perrine, Danny Z. Chen

“…Abstract Osteochondrodysplasia, affecting 2–3% of newborns globally, is a group of bone and cartilage disorders that often result in head malformations, contributing to childhood morbidity and reduced quality of life. Current research on this disease using mouse models faces challenges since it involves accurately segmenting (precisely delineating) the developing cartilage in 3D micro-CT images of embryonic mice. …”
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The impact of food-based incentive behaviors on oral health among Saudi children: a cross-sectional study by Yasir Dilshad Siddiqui, Saud Hamdan Almaeen, Ahmed Shawkat Hashem, Ahmed Ali Ahmed Almuntashiri, Mohammed Nadeem Baig, Abdullah Hammad Alshammari, Rital Jamal Alwaqid, Haifa Ali Almutairi, Raha Ahmed, Rakhi Issrani, Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary

“…Abstract Background Childhood dental caries is a common and significant oral health issue globally, resulting in pain, infection, and difficulties in eating and speaking. …”
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T7 DNA polymerase treatment improves quantitative sequencing of both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA viruses by Billaud, Maud, Theodorou, Ilias, Lamy-Besnier, Quentin, Shah, Shiraz A., Lecointe, François, De Sordi, Luisa, De Paepe, Marianne, Petit, Marie-Agnès

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Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire Correlated with Body Compositions of Thai Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Pilot Study by Ekkarit Panichsillaphakit, Yuda Chongpison, Puthita Saengpanit, Tanisa Kwanbunbumpen, Jaraspong Uaariyapanichkul, Sirinuch Chomtho, Chitsanu Pancharoen, Chonnikant Visuthranukul

“…Eating behavior and dietary intake of especially high energy-dense food with low nutrients contribute to the current epidemic of childhood obesity. However, the relationship between eating behavior and body composition has yet to be examined in Thai children and adolescents with obesity. …”
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Audio-Visual Distraction- A Non-Pharmacological Approach to Alleviate Pain in Pediatric Vaccine Administration: An Observational Study by Harsshika Bajaj, Akaash Tandel, Uday Rajput, Naresh Sonkawade, Rahul Dawre, Sameer Pawar, Sangeeta Chivale, Pragati Kamath, Kanchan Sakharkar, Poonam Sancheti, Murlidhar Tambe, Aarti Kinikar

“… Introduction: The routine vaccine injections are one of the most common and painful procedures during childhood specifically in infancy. In order to improve the effectivity of pain reduction during routine vaccination OPD this study was done to analyse the effectiveness of audio-visual gadgets as a distraction tool for pain reduction in infants during the vaccination procedure. …”
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ANGPTL3 overcomes sorafenib resistance via suppression of SNAI1 and CPT1A in liver cancer by Yang-Hsiang Lin, Cheng-Yi Chen, Hsiang-Cheng Chi, Meng-Han Wu, Ming-Wei Lai, Chau-Ting Yeh

“…Liver cancer, encompassing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoblastoma, the latter of which primarily occurs in early childhood, is the most common malignant tumor arising from liver and is responsible for a significant number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. …”
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Poppers use, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and risky sexual behaviors among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Chongqing, China by Huailiang Chen, Jin Chen, Qingge Zhao, Min Zhou

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Evaluation of the Level of Salivary sHLA-G in Children Aged 3–5 Years with or without Dental Caries by Mansoureh Bijani, Amrollah Mostafazadeh, Mina Motallebnejad, Ali Bijani, Roghiyeh Pourbagher, Samaneh Gharekhani

“…Aim and Background. Early childhood caries (ECC) is a common type of dental caries affecting children. …”
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Evaluating a targeted selective speech, language, and communication intervention at scale – Protocol for the Happy Talk cluster randomised controlled trial. [version 2; peer review... by Pauline Frizelle, Darren Dahly, Aoife O'Shea, Aileen Murphy, Cristina McKean

“…The Happy Talk trial tests if a community embedded, targeted selective speech and language programme that simultaneously engages with parents and early childhood educators, (1) improves language outcomes in children aged between 2 years 10 months and 6 years and (2) is cost effective for the health care system. …”
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Connective Tissue-Related Symptoms: An Exploratory Case-Control Study in Children by Leonardo Zoccante, Gianfranco Di Gennaro, Erika Rigotti, Marco Luigi Ciceri, Andrea Sbarbati, Marco Zaffanello

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A Proteomic Study Based on Home Quarantine Model Identifies NQO1 and Inflammation Pathways Involved in Adenoid Hypertrophy by Chen P, Hou S, Pang X, Li L, Wei W

“…Penghui Chen,1– 3,* Shule Hou,1– 3,* Xiuhong Pang,4 Lei Li,1– 3 Wei Wei1– 3 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Wei; Lei Li, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200082, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-25078893, Fax +86-21-65152394, Email weiwei8319@xinhuamed.com.cn; xyyh2711@126.comBackground: Adenoid hypertrophy is a common disorder of childhood, and has an unclear pathogenesis. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy in children under long-term home quarantine, providing a rare research model to explore the pathogenesis and treatment targets of adenoidal hypertrophy in children.Methodology: Before and during the home quarantine period, adenoids that underwent surgery were detected using label-free proteomics. …”
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Modifiable factors for irritable bowel syndrome: evidence from Mendelian randomisation approach by Jinling Tang, Zhirong Yang, Shanshan Wu, Feng Sha, Tengfei Lin, Di Liu, Meiling Cao, Yiwen Jiang, Weijie Cao, Fuxiao Li

“…Additionally, smoking, alcohol frequency, college or university degree, intelligence, childhood maltreatment, frailty index, diverticular disease of the intestine and schizophrenia were suggestively associated with IBS. …”
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