The association of travel distance and other patient characteristics with breast cancer stage at diagnosis and treatment completion at a rural Rwandan cancer facility by Kayleigh Bhangdia, Abirami Natarajan, Niclas Rudolfson, Stéphane Verguet, Marcia C. Castro, Jean-Marie Vianney Dusengimana, Cyprien Shyirambere, Lauren E. Schleimer, Lawrence N. Shulman, Aline Umwizerwa, Catherine Kigonya, John Butonzi, Emily MacDuffie, Temidayo Fadelu, Daniel S. O’Neil, Cam Nguyen, Tharcisse Mpunga, Nancy L. Keating, Lydia E. Pace

“…In the treatment completion cohort (n = 348), 49.1% of patients completed surgery and chemotherapy within a year. In adjusted analyses, travel distance and poverty were not linearly associated with treatment completion. …”
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Treatment of autonomous intestinal neuropathy in critical care by prucalopride and multistrain probiotic by A. L. Kovaleva, A. I. Ulyanin, O. Yu. Kiselyova, Ye. A. Poluektova, O. S. Shifrin, A. S. Tertychny, V. T. Ivashkin

“…According to the past history in 2014 patient was diagnosed to have adenocarcinoma of the right breast gland with subsequent right-sided radical mastectomy followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. In May 2017 patient developed boring pain in the right lumbar area, frequent small-volume urination, febrile fever and progressive general weakness. …”
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Mitochondrial dysfunction-driven AMPK-p53 axis activation underpins the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of sulfane sulfur by Xue Zheng, Yuhua Luo, Rui Huo, Yiwen Wang, Youbang Chen, Mianrong Chen, Qi Zhao, Kexin Li, Hanyi Zhang, Xiaotong Li, Xiang Li, Hui Zhang, Zaopeng He, Li Huang, Chun-tao Yang

“…Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, notoriously refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Historically, sulfane sulfur-based compounds have been explored for the treatment of HCC, but their efficacy has been underwhelming. …”
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Characterisation of clinical response and transcriptional profiling of proliferating CD8 T cells in the blood of cancer patients after PD-1 monotherapy or combination therapy by Peng Li, Haydn Kissick, Rebecca C Obeng, Tahseen H Nasti, Christiane S Eberhardt, Rafi Ahmed, Zhengjia Chen, Warren J Leonard, Suresh S Ramalingam, Andreas Wieland, Annapaola Mariniello, Jeffrey M Switchenko, Kylee Martens, Daniel Y Chang, Donald McGuire, Candace Daugherty, Yuzi Zhang, Rathi Pillai, Alice O Kamphorst

“…However, these studies lack detailed analyses and comparisons between monotherapy and combination therapies.Methods and analysis We analysed longitudinal blood samples from 103 patients with cancer who received αPD-1 monotherapy or combined with anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (αCTLA-4) or chemotherapy. Transcriptional analysis of CD8 T cells after the first treatment cycle with effector cells generated following yellow fever virus (YFV-17D) vaccine-induced infection was also compared.Results An early proliferative (Ki-67+) CD8 T-cell response was observed after cycle 1 in 60 patients (58.3%). …”
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Phase II clinical trial assessing the addition of hyperthermia to salvage concurrent chemoradiotherapy for unresectable recurrent head and neck cancer in previously irradiated pati... by Kai-Lin Yang, Mau-Shin Chi, Chung-Yu Hao, Hui-Ling Ko, Yi-Ying Huang, Ren-Hong Wu, Hung-Chih Lai, Ying-Chu Lin, Sheng-Po Hao, Kwan-Hwa Chi

“…Weekly hyperthermia for 6 sessions started after RT initiation; each session lasted for 40 min, beginning within 2 h after RT and maintaining a maximum temperature of 42 ± 0.5 °C. Concurrent chemotherapy included weekly cisplatin 20 mg/m2 and docetaxel 10–12 mg/m2 for 6 weeks. …”
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Venous thromboembolism incidence and risk factors associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors among patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer by Chi Nguyen, Alok A Khorana, John Barron, Jennell Palaia, Lisa Rosenblatt, Radhika Pisupati, Ning Huang, Kerrin Gallagher, T Christopher Bond

“…Systemic therapies, such as chemotherapy (chemo), are associated with increased risk of VTE. …”
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Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Two Kenyan Facilities: A... by Sylvia M. Maveke, Gabriel O. Aboge, Laetitia W. Kanja, Alfred O. Mainga, Naftaly Gachau, Beatrice W. Muchira, Gervason A. Moriasi

“…The high proportion of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates increases the utilization of last-resort antibiotics, jeopardizing antimicrobial chemotherapy. Furthermore, the antimicrobial resistance patterns exhibited towards extended-spectrum cephalosporins, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides show the risk of co-resistance associated with ESBL-producing isolates responsible for MDR. …”
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Outbreak of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neurorehabilitation unit: Genomic epidemiology reveals complex transmission pattern in a tertiary care hospital by Maria Grazia Silvotti, Erika Scaltriti, Luca Bolzoni, Beatrice Zerbi, Gabriella Tocci, Andrea Zappavigna, Gianfranco Lamberti, Federico Donati, Franco Federici, Stefano Pongolini, Giuliana Lo Cascio

“…Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.…”
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Ligilactobacillus salivarius LZZAY01 accelerated autophagy and apoptosis in colon cancer cells and improved gut microbiota in CAC mice by Wenhong Yang, Tao Li, Shixiang An, Rong Chen, Yuxin Zhao, Jiaxian Cui, Mingyu Zhang, Jingkun Lu, Yunpeng Tian, Lili Bao, Pengwei Zhao

“…The mainstay treatment of CRC includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, these treatments are associated with a high recurrence rate, poor prognosis, and highly toxic side effects. …”
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Postoperative radiotherapy improves survival in completely resected non-small cell lung cancer with pathologic N2 stage IIIA and positive lymph node count greater than one: a SEER-... by Diyang Zhu, Yuanyuan Xiao, Yuanyuan Xiao, Shancheng He, Shancheng He, Baochang Xie, Baochang Xie, Wenqi Zhao, Wenqi Zhao, Yuhui Xu

“…Patients who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the association of PORT with OS and CSS. …”
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Real-world prognostic factors in autotransplanted multiple myeloma patients with severe renal impairment: study of the Polish Myeloma Study Group by Anna Waszczuk-Gajda, David H. Vesole, Jolanta Małyszko, Artur Jurczyszyn, Tomasz Wróbel, Joanna Drozd-Sokołowska, Piotr Boguradzki, Krzysztof Mądry, Agnieszka Tomaszewska, Jarosław Biliński, Maria Król, Longin Niemczyk, Magdalena Olszewska-Szopa, Wieslaw W. Jedrzejczak, Grzegorz W. Basak

“…Conclusions Optimal patient selection including good performance status and higher albumin concentration (with every increase of 1 g/dl), chemotherapy-responsive disease pre-ASCT, melphalan dose adjusted to CKD, and intensive post-transplant supportive care are crucial to achieve acceptable results of treatment of MM patients with CKD.…”
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Evaluation of patient immunocompetence for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy using the psoas muscle index: a retrospective cohort study by Toshiaki Tsurui, Toshiaki Tsurui, Toshiaki Tsurui, Toshiaki Tsurui, Kazuyuki Hamada, Emiko Mura, Risako Suzuki, Nana Iriguchi, Tomoyuki Ishiguro, Yuya Hirasawa, Ryotaro Ohkuma, Masahiro Shimokawa, Hirotsugu Ariizumi, Yutaro Kubota, Atsushi Horiike, Satoshi Wada, Satoshi Wada, Kiyoshi Yoshimura, Kiyoshi Yoshimura, Mayumi Tsuji, Yuji Kiuchi, Yuji Kiuchi, Takuya Tsunoda

“…IntroductionIn patients with cancer, sarcopenia is an indicator of poor prognosis and is associated with an increased risk of chemotherapy-related adverse events. Skeletal muscle interacts with the immune system, and sarcopenia is associated with immune senescence. …”
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Clinical Characteristics and Optimization of Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy for Febrile Neutropenia in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies by Cui Y, Liu X, Feng S

“…These findings underscore the need for updated clinical guidelines that address evolving pathogen profiles and the growing challenge of MDR infections.Summary: Infection-related complications remain a leading cause of mortality in HM patients, often limiting the implementation of chemotherapy. Early and appropriate empirical therapy significantly improves outcomes in FN, reducing hospital stays and healthcare costs. …”
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Real-world survival outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors in large-cell neuroendocrine tumors of lung by Samuel Kareff, Jair Bar, Amir Onn, Alona Zer, Chul Kim, Stephen V Liu, Elizabeth Dudnik, Mor Moskovitz, Anastasiya Lobachov, Teodor Gottfried, Damien Urban, Ofer Rotem, Mira Wollner

“…For ICI administration, HR for OS DX was 0.59 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.93, p=0.02—unadjusted), and 0.58 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.98, p=0.04—adjusted for age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), presence of liver metastases and chemotherapy administration). In a propensity score matching analysis (n=74; 37 patients in each group matched for age and ECOG PS), median OS DX was 12.5 mo (95% CI 10.6 to 25.2) and 8.4 mo (95% CI 5.4 to 16.9) in matched groups A and B, respectively (log-rank test, p=0.046). …”
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Voacanga africana-artesunate and Voacanga africana-amodiaquine combinations as effective anti-plasmodial agents in mice by Daniel Ampomah Frimpong, Aliu Moomin, Samuel Asare Nkansah, Aaron Opoku Antwi, Abubakar Ibn Sidik, Paa Kofi Tawiah Adu-Gyamfi, Kwesi Boadu Mensah

“…However, the Plasmodium parasite frequently develops resistance to chemotherapy, triggering continuous research for effective treatment options for malaria. …”
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Phase II trial of nab-paclitaxel plus ramucirumab in combination with nivolumab for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer after progression on first-line treatment incl... by Hidekazu Hirano, Naoki Takahashi, Yusuke Amanuma, Nobumi Suzuki, Daisuke Takahari, Takeshi Kawakami, Chie Kudo-Saito, Kengo Nagashima, Narikazu Boku, Ken Kato, Hirokazu Shoji

“…Accumulating evidence suggests rationales for continuing immunotherapy beyond progression, synergistic effects between immune checkpoint inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors, and a preferable combination of steroid-free chemotherapy with immunotherapy. These rationales imply that nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel plus ramucirumab in combination with nivolumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) may enhance anti-tumor effects as second-line treatment. …”
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Polo-like Kinase 1 Expression as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Two-Center Study by Lana Jajac Brucic, Vesna Bisof, Majana Soce, Marko Skelin, Ivan Krecak, Andjela Nadinic, Branka Vrbicic, Zivana Puljiz, Suzana Hancic, Slavko Gasparov

“…Elevated expression of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) has been linked to advanced disease stages and poorer treatment outcomes, including resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, data on PLK-1 expression in EOCRC compared to LOCRC remain limited. …”
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Combining a WT1 Vaccine (Galinpepimut-S) With Checkpoint Inhibition (Nivolumab) in Patients With WT1–Expressing Diffuse Pleural Mesothelioma: A Phase 1 Study by Prashasti Agrawal, MD, Michael Offin, MD, Victoria Lai, MD, Michelle S. Ginsberg, MD, Prasad S. Adusumilli, MD, FACS, Valerie W. Rusch, MD, Jennifer L. Sauter, MD, Teresa Ho, BS, Phillip Wong, PhD, Marjorie G. Zauderer, MD

“…We enrolled patients with progressive or recurrent DPM treated with at least one course of pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. Patients received two doses of GPS followed by six doses of GPS with intravenous nivolumab every 2 weeks, and up to six additional cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. …”
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MiR-3664-3p through suppressing ABCG2, CYP3A4, MCL1, and MLH1 increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to irinotecan by Elham Farrokhnazar, Sahar Moghbelinejad, Reza Najafipour, Ladan Teimoori-Toolabi

“…However, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic CRC remains below 10 %, largely due to chemotherapy resistance. Several genes, including ABCG2, CYP3A4, MCL1, and MLH1 contribute to irinotecan resistance. …”
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In vitro antitumor and immunomodulatory activities of 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives by Héverton Mendes Araújo, Gabriel Acácio de Moura, Yasmim Mendes Rocha, Cristian Vicson Pinheiro Gomes, Valentina Nascimento e Melo de Oliveira, Ronaldo Nascimento de Oliveira, Larissa Deadame de Figueiredo Nicolete, Emanuel Paula Magalhães, Ramon R.P.P.B. de Menezes, Roberto Nicolete

“…However, for more advanced cases with a high recurrence rate, the preferred approach is to combine chemotherapy with immunotherapy treatments. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant leukocytes in solid tumors. …”
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