Clinical Diagnosis of an Autoimmune Encephalitis Presented as a Manic Episode with Psychotic Symptoms: A Case Report by Miguel Soto Ontoso, Ruben A. Piernas González, Isabel Ramírez Martínez, José Miguel Meca García

“…Paraclinical criteria guide the approach; however, the challenge occurs when there are no detectable autoantibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methodology. We report one case that highlights the variability of clinical manifestations, which in the absence of antibodies was treated with immunotherapy with good response. …”
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Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment by Beka Solomon

“…Naturally occurring antibodies against amyloid-β peptides have been found in human cerebrospinal fluid and in the plasma of healthy individuals, but were significantly lower in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, suggesting that AD may be an immunodeficient disorder. …”
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Confusional State in HaNDL Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review by Sarah Nelson

“…The syndrome of transient headache and neurologic deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL syndrome) is a self-limited condition. …”
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The neurosyphilis is not history. A case presentation. by Erélido Hernández Valero, Julio López Arguelles

“…In 1906 this germ was observed in the human cerebrospinal fluid, in this way it opened up the neurosiphilis diagnosis. …”
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Isolated Central Nervous System Vasculitis Associated with Antiribonuclear Protein Antibody by Amer M. Awad, Mathew Stevenson

“…Her extensive workup was remarkable for abnormal intracranial angiography suggestive of small- and medium-vessel vasculitis, persistently elevated protein in the cerebrospinal fluid and persistently high titers of antiribonuclear protein antibody. …”
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The complete ellipsoidal shell-model in EEG imaging

“…The model involves four confocal ellipsoids that represent the successive interfaces between the brain tissue, the cerebrospinal fluid, the skull, and the skin characterized by different conductivities. …”
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Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus on Electroencephalography: An Atypical Presentation of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis in Two Children by Pratibha Singhi, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Jitendra Kumar Sahu

“…Both had elevated measles antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Pediatricians need to be aware of this atypical presentation of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.…”
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Streptococcus agalactiae Meningitis in Adult Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review by Fahmi Yousef Khan

“…Neurologic examination showed neck rigidity and right sided hemiparesis. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures yielded group B streptococcus sensitive to ceftriaxone, penicillin G, and vancomycin. …”
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Herpetic Meningoencephalitis Complicating the Resection of a Vestibular Schwannoma: A Case Report by Jérôme Houdu, Maxime Barron, Thierry Civit, Cécile Parietti‐Winkler

“…No time should be wasted in diagnosis and treatment; therefore, a polymerase chain reaction testing on cerebrospinal fluid should be systematic in this situation, without neglecting to consider other differential diagnoses.…”
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Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis by Wenjing Cheng, Guangjie Chen

“…Recently published results have shown that the levels of some chemokines and chemokine receptors are increased in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients. This review describes the advanced researches on the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in the development of MS and discusses the potential therapy of this disease targeting the chemokine network.…”
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Dengue fever presenting with cerebellitis: A case report by Santhirasekaram Sathees, Deepa Amarasekara, Pubudu Jayasekara, Peumini Rajapakse, L.F. Sumaiya

“…Dengue non-structural protein 1 antigen and dengue IgM in serum were positive. Her cerebrospinal fluid analysis and magnetic resonance image brain were normal. …”
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Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter as a Bedside Assessment for Elevated Intracranial Pressure by Peter Williams

“…After an obstructive lesion was ruled out on the computed tomography scan, a lumbar puncture was then performed and cerebrospinal fluid was drained. An ultrasound of the optic nerve sheath diameter was repeated showing a reduced diameter of 5.6 mm. …”
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Internal Occipital Crest Misalignment with Internal Occipital Protuberance: A Case Report of Posterior Cranial Fossa Anatomic Variations by Jae Ha Kim, Maha Ahmad

“…These internal skull variations of occipital bone landmarks can influence the location of adjacent dural venous sinuses and possibly influence cerebrospinal fluid flow. Similar anatomical anomalies have been attributed to presence of hydrocephalus and abnormalities in cisterna magna.…”
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A Rare Case of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in a Neonate by Nipun Shrestha, Alisha Joshi, Yumiko Hayashi, Dhruba Shrestha, Bhim Gopal Dhoubhadel

“…Based on the clinical criteria of fever, desquamation, hypotension, and AKI and laboratory criteria of absence of growth of any organisms in blood and cerebrospinal fluid, we diagnosed the case as TSS. She was treated with antibiotics, oxygen, and fluids, along with inotropic support and mechanical ventilation, and she recovered fully and was discharged on day 17 of admission. …”
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Case report: special imaging features in a uremic patient with intracranial infection caused by Ralstonia mannitolilytica, almost misdiagnosed as demyelinating disease by Hanxin Kong, Hao Ying, Jianhong Yang

“…The diagnosis is mainly based on cerebrospinal fluid analysis and targeted genetic testing by next generation sequencing (NGS). …”
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Pediatric progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy presenting with neuroregression in a child with newly diagnosed HIV by Payal Keswaani, Shreya Chauhan, Praveen Kumar

“…When further investigated, the cerebrospinal fluid was found to be positive for the JCV, a finding further supported by the neuroimaging findings.…”
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Anti-amphiphysin antibody-induced paraneoplastic-autoimmune encephalitis: case report and literature review by E. Kavaliauskaitė, R. Mameniškienė

“…Detection of specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid remains the main diagnostic tool. Up to this date, no cases with epileptic seizures as one of the clinical manifestations of anti-amphiphysin encephalitis have been reported. …”
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A rare case of vision loss caused by leptomeningeal metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma: a case report and literature review by Zhihua Li, Jian Chu, Wennan Shen, Junnan Chen, Yuemei Dong, Manze Zhang, Nan Zhao, Wei Zhao, Haoran Zha, Ning Wang, Yalin Han, Zhaoxia Li

“…The treatment was prescribed based on the detection of a BRAF non-V600E mutation in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We reviewed the literature and evaluated survival benefits in patients with LM harboring BRAF non-V600E mutations treated with CSF chemotherapy and mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitors.…”
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The role of neurofilament light chain in the context of neurological disorders by V. Taluntienė, R. Motiekaitytė, R. Kizlaitienė, N. Giedraitienė, G. Kaubrys

“…Axonal damage leads to increased NFL levels in cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Therefore, it could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for various neurological disorders, especially caused by neurodegeneration and inflammation. …”
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Postdural Puncture Headache by Ahmed Ghaleb

“…His paper discussed the pathophysiology of low-pressure headache resulting from leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid to the epidural space. …”
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