A review on intrathecal administration of medications for leptomeningeal metastases in solid tumors by Xuemei Wang, Chi Yao, Li Quan, Junxiang Zhou

“…It occurs when tumor cells infiltrate the subarachnoid space and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), spreading throughout the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Fatal intoxication after oral ingestion of amphetamine: Two case reports by Evelyn Pawlik, Felix Mayer, Oliver Temme

“…Body fluids (heart blood, femoral vein blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, vitreous humour, and stomach content), organ tissues (myocardium, lung, liver, gall bladder, brain and kidney) and skeletal muscle were examined for amphetamine and amphetamine by-products as well as for other substances e.g. alcohol and pharmaceuticals. …”
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Atypical Radiographic Presentation of Cryptococcus Pneumonia in a Newly Diagnosed HIV Patient by Arthur Cacacho, Umair Ashraf, Arsalan Rehmani, Masooma Niazi, Misbahuddin Khaja

“…He was diagnosed with Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis by cerebrospinal fluid culture and with disseminated cryptococcal infection by a positive Cryptococcus blood test. …”
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Diagnostics of glaucoma before clinical manifestations by N.E. Fomin, A.V. Kuroyedov

“…“General” instrumental tests are Doppler sonography of the head and neck, magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid pressure measurement. “Topical” instrumental tests are retinal vascular assessment, identification of apoptotic cells, and electroretinography. …”
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Isolated central nervous system relapse in blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report by Hari Priya Raghvan, Caroline Ho Siew Ling, Wee Shiang Yui, Boo Yang Liang, Ehram Jamian, Indhira Subbiah

“…A 46-year-old female with underlying CML in lymphoid blast crisis, previously treated with chemotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, presented with visual disturbances. Imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed leukemic infiltration of the CNS without evidence of a systemic disease. …”
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A realistic human head phantom for electromagnetic detection of brain diseases by Zelin Bai, Diyou Chen, Ke Ma, Gui Jin, Jinlong Qiu, Quanquan Li, Haocheng Li, Mingsheng Chen

“…This article combines high-precision computed tomography (CT) images and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images to establish an electromagnetic numerical model of the human head with a real anatomical structure. (1) It had Asian characteristics and encompassed 14 different structures, including skin, muscles, cranial bones, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebral veins, cerebral arteries, gray matter, white matter of the brain, basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, eyeballs, and vertebrae. (2) The model used a combination of 0.625 mm-resolution CT and 1 mm-resolution MRI image data for reconstruction, with a smooth surface and high accuracy. (3) Within the simulation environment, this model enabled the generation of various brain disease scenarios, such as different types and degrees of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia. …”
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Positive real-time PCR in pneumococcal meningitis 12 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy – case report by Cem Thunstedt, Carla Palleis, Johannes Wischmann, Suzette Heck, Konstantinos Dimitriadis, Matthias Klein

“…Lumbar puncture revealed cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with elevated cell count, protein, and low glucose. …”
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Rothia mucilaginosa Meningitis in a Child with Myelodysplastic Syndromes by Fumihiro Ochi, Ryota Nakamura, Reiji Miyawaki, Kyoko Moritani, Shinobu Murakami, Hisamichi Tauchi

“…We retrospectively reviewed the antimicrobial susceptibility of all R. mucilaginosa isolates (n = 5) from blood or cerebrospinal fluid cultures at our hospital. The MIC of VCM was <0.5 μg/mL for all strains, whereas the MIC of DAP was ≥2 μg/mL for all strains. …”
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Perioperative complications following spinal fusion in idiopathic scoliosis: A review of 825 cases from the German Spine Registry (DWG-register) – Perioperative complications in id... by Juan Manuel Vinas-Rios, Vincent J. Heck, Fatima Azucena Medina-Govea, Mario Alberto Islas-Aguilar, Nikolaus Kernich

“…A 1.3% rate of major complications and 1.6% rate of minor complications were recorded as follows: spinal cord damage n = 2 (8.4%), subfaszial hematoma n = 2 (8.4%), motor dysfunction n = 1 (4.2%), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-leakage n = 7 (29.2%), sensory dysfunction n = 6 (25%), bowel/bladder dysfunction n = 1 (4.2%), superficial site infection n = 2 (8.4%), and pulmonary lung atelectasis n = 3 (12.5%). …”
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Magnetic Induction Phase Difference for Cerebral Hemorrhage Detection by Jie Liu, Lian Yan, Huangsen Deng, Mingxin Qin, Mingsheng Chen

“…Blood loss of 1 mL meant that the compensatory mechanism of cerebrospinal fluid began to fail, and 1.4 mL of blood loss meant that the compensatory mechanism failed completely. …”
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T2*-weighted imaging for detection of intracranial silicone oil in MRI obtained with motion correction sequences by Ryuta Yasuda, Masayuki Maeda, Kenichi Takada, Katsuhiro Inoue, Masataka Sugao, Hidenori Suzuki

“…Phantom experiment revealed that chemical shift artifact played an important role in discriminating silicone oil from artificial cerebrospinal fluid, which attenuated in MultiVane XD. However, T2*WI still showed good discrimination of silicone oil even using MultiVane XD because of susceptibility artifacts. …”
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A Rare Case of Neurosyphilis with Calvaria Osteitis Presenting in Pregnancy by Gisella M. Newbery, Christine E. Henricks, Julie A. Vircks, Andreina Colina, David C. Mundy

“…She tested positive for syphilis antibodies with a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titer of 1 : 32. Cerebrospinal fluid evaluation from a lumbar puncture resulted in reactive fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA) testing. …”
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CASE REPORT ON TWO CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS WITH NEUROINVASIVE WEST NILE VIRUS INFECTION IN AN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT by Silviya Stoyanova, Raynichka Mihaylova-Garnizova, Emilia Naseva, Severina Dakova, Iva Christova, Konstantin Ramshev

“…Antibodies to WNV were present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). His condition worsened with the development of sepsis and respiratory failure and he ended up lethally. …”
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Severe anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor encephalitis with prolonged hyperammonemia: a case report by Chunxia Yan, Lingling Bai, Jingwei Du, Zonglei Chong, Guangjun Xu, Xiaoqian Yang

“…At that time, his Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was 6, and AMPAR antibodies were strongly positive in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Additionally, his serum ammonia levels consistently exceeded reference values during his hospital stay. …”
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Protocol for correlating the gut microbiome and metabolomics in patients with intracranial aneurysms by Hongyu Xu, Zetian Jia, Junhui Liu, Runming Liu, Wei Wei, Xiang Li

“…We then detail procedures for metabolite extraction, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) non-targeted metabolomics sequencing, and ELISA for cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples. Finally, we perform combined multi-omics analysis.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Xu et al.1 : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.…”
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Effect of the Entorhinal Cortex on Ictal Discharges in Low-Mg2+-Induced Epileptic Hippocampal Slice Models by Ye-Jun Shi, Xin-Wei Gong, Hai-Qing Gong, Pei-Ji Liang, Pu-Ming Zhang, Qin-Chi Lu

“…The results showed that low-Mg2+ artificial cerebrospinal fluid induced interictal discharges in hippocampal slices, whereas, in combined EC-hippocampal slices the discharge pattern was alternated between interictal and ictal discharges, and ictal discharges initiated in the EC and propagated to the hippocampus. …”
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A Case of Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor Misdiagnosed as Chronic Tuberculous Meningitis without Brain Biopsy by Jung-goo Lee, Hak-cheol Ko, Jin-gyu Choi, Youn Soo Lee, Byung-chul Son

“…A timely histologic diagnosis through a leptomeningeal biopsy of the brain and spinal cord in case of unusual leptomeningeal enhancement with uncertain laboratory findings is essential because cytologic examination of the cerebrospinal fluid in DLGNT is known to be negative.…”
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Spectrum-specific encephalography standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography network and gray matter correlations in vascular dementia patients by Yan Lv, Huijuan Chen, Zhiyan Sui, Yingliu Huang, Shixiong Huang, Feng Chen, Guoqiang Wen

“…Compared with healthy group, voxel-based morphometry analysis showed a decrease in gray/cerebrospinal fluid ratio ( p  < .05) in mild dementia group; the energy power of gamma band decreased ( p  < .05) in mild dementia group; and electroencephalography standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography analysis showed wider frontal and temporal lobe involvement in mild dementia patients ( p  < .05). …”
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IL-6 is Upregulated in Late-Stage Disease in Monkeys Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense by Dawn Nyawira Maranga, John Maina Kagira, Christopher Kariuki Kinyanjui, Simon Muturi Karanja, Naomi Wangari Maina, Maina Ngotho

“…Three noninfected monkeys formed the control group. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples were obtained at weekly intervals and assessed for various biological parameters. …”
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Neuroborreliosis with encephalitis: a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations by Dominica Hudasch, Franz Felix Konen, Nora Möhn, Lea Grote-Levi, Ulrich Wurster, Gabriel Welte, Josef Conzen, Nima Mahmoudi, Thomas Skripuletz, Philipp Schwenkenbecher

“…An elevated cell count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), positive oligoclonal bands, and blood-CSF barrier dysfunction indicated by an elevated albumin quotient (QAlb) was found in all patients. …”
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