Application of psychobiotics in clinical treatment of mental disorders: Neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, depression and anxiety by Jingwei Cui, Wenxin Wang, Yue Tang, Siyuan Feng, Hong Liu, Zikai Hao

“…Neurons in the enteric nervous system directly interact with neurotransmitters, short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), gut hormones, and anti‐inflammatory cytokines produced by the gut microbiota, thereby affecting signal transmission in the central nervous system. Unlike traditional probiotics, psychobiotics have the capacity to generate or stimulate the host to produce neurotransmitters, SCFAs, gut hormones, and anti‐inflammatory cytokines. …”
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Parkinsonism and Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Fortuitous Association or a Shared Immunopathogenesis? by Mariem Kchaou, Nadia Ben Ali, Intissar Hmida, Saloua Fray, Hela Jamoussi, Mohamed Jalleli, Slim Echebbi, Afef Achouri, Samir Belal

“…The Sjögren Syndrome (SS) can include various manifestations of central nervous system impairment. Extrapyramidal signs are known to be very rare and unusually discovered on early onset in this pathology. …”
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Investigation of children's toys quality on the Macedonian market: determination of lead, cadmium and chromium levels by Mirvete Abdullahi1, Suzana Angelova, Evgenija Kiroska Petreska, Tatjana Kadifkova Panovska

“…Lead in children's toys originates from toxic lead dyes and can lead to serious health complications of central nervous system, cardiovascular, immune system and kidneys. …”
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Optic Neuritis in an Adult Patient with Chickenpox by Ana Rita Azevedo, Rita Simões, Filipe Silva, Susana Pina, Cristina Santos, Peter Pêgo, Filomena Silva, Susana Teixeira

“…Central nervous system involvement in a patient with primary infection with Varicella zoster virus is rare, especially in the immunocompetent adult. …”
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Impact on Neurodevelopment, Diagnosis, Early Intervention and Motor Disorders in Children under 3 Years by Sabina Adamczyk, Maria Przygoda, Jagienka Włodyka, Kamila Stępień, Gabriela Trestka, Urszula Zelik, Jakub Dziewic, Joanna Śnieżna, Wojciech Florczak, Wiktoria Domino, Karol Dzwonnik

“…The consequences are particularly profound on the central nervous system (CNS), where damage to structures like the cerebellum can lead to motor dysfunctions, balance issues, and cognitive impairments. …”
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The Influence of Depression and Anxiety on Neurological Disability in Multiple Sclerosis Patients by Vitalie Văcăraș, Veronica Văcăraș, Cristina Nistor, Daniela Văcăraș, Adrian Nicolae Opre, Petronela Blaga, Dafin F. Mureșanu

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), affecting mostly young-aged people. …”
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Expression of catecholaminergic genes in the midbrain and prepulse inhibition in rats with a genetic catatonia by M. A. Ryazanova, O. I. Prokudina, V. S.  Plekanchuk, T. A. Alekhina

“…For the first time, a decrease of PPI in GC rats compared with WAG rats was shown, both with a prepulse power of 75 dB and at 85 dB, which may indicate a violation of filtration of sensorimotor information into the central nervous system in GC rats. Real-time PCR showed a decrease in mRNA level of Adra1A in intact rats with genetic catatonia when compared to control WAG rats. …”
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A comprehensive review of remimazolam for sedation by Nazir Noor, Rhorer Legendre, Alexandra Cloutet, Ahish Chitneni, Giustino Varrassi, Alan D. Kaye

“…This is provided by the benzodiazepine molecule binding and causing a conformational change to the chloride ion channel to cause hyperpolarization and thus inhibition of the central nervous system. Each type of benzodiazepine has a preferred role within the realm of medicine. …”
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Methods to address functional unblinding of raters in CNS trials by Steven D. Targum, William P. Horan, Vicki G. Davis, Alan Breier, Stephen K. Brannan

“…Abstract Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) associated with the unique properties of a pharmaceutical product may functionally unblind clinician ratings, obscure true medication effects, and affect confidence about clinical trial results. Central nervous system studies are particularly susceptible to functional unblinding because they rely on relatively subjective symptom assessments. …”
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Mitochondrial function in patients affected with fibromyalgia syndrome is impaired and correlates with disease severity by Chiara Macchi, Andrea Giachi, Isabella Fichtner, Silvia Pedretti, Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini, Nico Mitro, Alberto Corsini, Massimiliano Ruscica, Roberta Gualtierotti

“…Additionally, we found a mild correlation between the widespread pain index and the BHI, possibly indicating that the altered mitochondrial function, in these patients, narrows musculoskeletal rather than central nervous system involvement.…”
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Decreased TNF Levels and Improved Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival in MMP-2 Null Mice Suggest a Role for MMP-2 as TNF Sheddase by Lies De Groef, Manuel Salinas-Navarro, Griet Van Imschoot, Claude Libert, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Lieve Moons

“…Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been designated as both friend and foe in the central nervous system (CNS): while being involved in many neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, their actions appear to be indispensable to a healthy CNS. …”
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy attenuates heatstroke-induced hippocampal injury by inhibiting microglial pyroptosis by Ancong Xu, Fan Huang, Er Chen, Zhiqiang Zhang, Yanxuan He, Xichong Yu, Guoxin He

“…Background: Central nervous system (CNS) injury is the most prominent feature of heatstroke and the hippocampus is prone to damage. …”
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Therapeutic Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B in Parkinson’s Disease via Antineuroinflammation and Neuroprotection In Vitro and In Vivo by Chien-Wei Feng, Nan-Fu Chen, Te-Fu Chan, Wu-Fu Chen

“…However, few studies have investigated the role of PTP1B in the central nervous system. Our study showed that suramin, an inhibitor of PTP1B, could improve neuronal damage. …”
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A Case Report of Acute Esotropia in a Young Woman following Heroin Withdrawal by Bethel Shiferaw, Ebisa Bekele, Sara Syed, Lu Fan, Nirav Patel, Samia Qazi, Nicolas Biro

“…Acute onset esotropia is rare and must be investigated right away to exclude central nervous system pathologies, where no opiates use is reported. …”
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Coexisting Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma and Lissencephaly: Unique Case Report with Pathological Analysis and Its Clinical Significance by Hristina Zakić, Olivera Kontić Vučinić, Jelena Stamenković, Jovan Jevtić, Milena Perišić Mitrović, Maja Životić

“…Conclusions: Outlining the prenatal progression of CMN and the outcome of pregnancies involving fetal CMN and lissencephaly, this case underscores the importance of comprehensive ultrasound examinations, including central nervous system evaluation, to identify potential coexisting anomalies and refine prenatal diagnostic practices.…”
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Development of Postural Control in Healthy Children: A Functional Approach by Christine Assaiante, Sophie Mallau, Sébastien Viel, Marianne Jover, Christina Schmitz

“…When studying the emergence of postural strategies, it is essential to distinguish between results that can be explained by biomechanical reasons strictly and those reflecting the maturation of the central nervous system (CNS). To address this problem, we have studied our young subjects in situations requiring various types of adaptation. …”
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First-in-Human PET Imaging of [18F]SDM-4MP3: A Cautionary Tale by Kimberly L. Desmond, Anton Lindberg, Armando Garcia, Junchao Tong, Michael B. Harkness, Elena Dobrota, Kelly Smart, Carme Uribe, Jeffrey H. Meyer, Sylvain Houle, Antonio P. Strafella, Songye Li, Yiyun Huang, Neil Vasdev

“…Hence, we report our investigation and the first-in-human study of [18F]SDM-4MP3, a structural variant of [18F]SynVesT-1, which does not have the requisite characteristics as a PET radiopharmaceutical for imaging SV2A in the central nervous system.…”
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Phytochemical composition, phytotoxicity, and ADME modeling of Artemisia absinthium L.: implications for food safety and pharmaceutical applications by Asmae Hbika, Ayoub Farihi, Mohammed Benali, Fatima-Zahrae Ed-darraz, Abdelhamid Bouyanzer, Mohammed F. Hawwal, Ramzi A. Mothana, Elkhadir Gharibi

“…ADME modeling indicating that 8-methoxyflavone, a major component in the dichloromethane extract, is a promising candidate for drug development targeting the central nervous system.…”
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Neuroborreliosis with encephalitis: a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations by Dominica Hudasch, Franz Felix Konen, Nora Möhn, Lea Grote-Levi, Ulrich Wurster, Gabriel Welte, Josef Conzen, Nima Mahmoudi, Thomas Skripuletz, Philipp Schwenkenbecher

“…In addition to central nervous system involvement, all patients exhibited characteristic features of neuroborreliosis like painful meningoradiculitis or peripheral facial palsy. …”
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Focused ultrasound for treatment of peripheral brain tumors by Phillip Mitchell Johansen, Payton Yerke Hansen, Ali A. Mohamed, Sarah J. Girshfeld, Marc Feldmann, Brandon Lucke-Wold

“…Malignant brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children and remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality throughout all demographics. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are classically treated with surgical resection and radiotherapy in addition to adjuvant chemotherapy. …”
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