Motor Sequence Learning across Multiple Sessions Is Not Facilitated by Targeting Consolidation with Posttraining tDCS in Patients with Progressive Multiple Sclerosis by Harald Seelmann-Eggebert, Muriel Stoppe, Florian Then Bergh, Joseph Classen, Jost-Julian Rumpf

“…These patients may, therefore, particularly benefit from interventions that augment training-induced plasticity of the central nervous system. In this cross-sectional double-blind cross-over pilot study, effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor sequence learning were examined across four sessions on days 1, 3, 5, and 8 in 16 patients with progressive MS. …”
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Recurrent Nasal-Type Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma with Meningeal Involvement by Sylvester Homsy, Ralph Kamel, Mark Raden, Yevgeniy Skaradinskiy

“…It has an aggressive behavior, known for predilection to metastasize to different organs. Central nervous system (CNS) spread from a primary location has been reported. …”
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The possible effects of chili peppers on ADHD in relation to the gut microbiota by Yinyue Li, Jing Feng, GuangYao Ding, Lin Deng, Ying He, Qiongqiong Zhang, Jianhui Wang, Xia Chen

“…Among them, capsaicin (8-methyl N-vanillyl-6-noneamide, CAP), as a key active component of peppers, has been shown to have potential therapeutic effects on central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, and depression. …”
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Just a SNP away: The future of in vivo massively parallel reporter assay by Katherine N. Degner, Jessica L. Bell, Sean D. Jones, Hyejung Won

“…Given the complexity of the central nervous system and its widespread interactions with all other organ systems, our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorder-associated noncoding variants would be greatly advanced by studying their functional impact in the intact brain. …”
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The Mechanism of Metabolic Influences on the Endogenous GLP-1 by Oral Antidiabetic Medications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Thiquynhnga Nguyen, Min Gong, Song Wen, Xinlu Yuan, Chaoxun Wang, Jianlan Jin, Ligang Zhou

“…In this review, we discuss the metabolic relationships between oral antihyperglycemic drugs from the aspect of gut, microbiota, hormones, β cell function, central nervous system, and other cellular mechanisms.…”
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Whole organism and tissue-specific analysis of pexophagy in Drosophila by Francesco G. Barone, Marco Marcello, Sylvie Urbé, Natalia Sanchez-Soriano, Michael J. Clague

“…Specific drivers were used to visualize pexophagy in neurons, and to demonstrate that specific depletion in the larval central nervous system of Hsc70-5, the Drosophila homologue of the chaperone HSPA9/mortalin, led to a substantial elevation in pexophagy.…”
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Primary Gliosarcoma of the Cerebellum in a Young Pregnant Woman: Management Challenges and Immunohistochemical Features by Marco Meloni, Salvatore Serra, Giulia Bellisano, Nikolaos Syrmos, Sanjeeva Jeyaretna, Mario Ganau

“…Gliosarcoma (GS) represents a rare, high-grade (WHO Grade IV), central nervous system neoplasm, characterized by a very poor prognosis. …”
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Disseminated tuberculosis masquerading as a psychiatric illness—A case report by Shalini Bhaskar, Mimi N. M. Noh

“…We report a patient who presented primarily for psychiatric symptoms of three months’ duration, which later turned out to be a case of DTB involving the central nervous system as well as the spine and lungs. Case Presentation: An elderly lady with subacute onset and worsening behavioural changes of three months’ duration was referred for exclusion of organic brain disease. …”
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Recurrent CSPs after Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Motor Cortex in Restless Legs Syndrome by Aulikki Ahlgrén-Rimpiläinen, Hannu Lauerma, Seppo Kähkönen, Juha Markkula, Ilpo Rimpiläinen

“…Further research is needed to clarify the role of the intramuscular recording technique and especially the role of the subcortical generators in the feedback regulation of the central nervous system in RLS.…”
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Chemokine Expression in Human Astrocytes in Response to Shiga Toxin 2 by Naomi Kioka, Koichi Minami, Akira Tamura, Norishige Yoshikawa

“…Approximately, 30% of patients with HUS suffer from complications in the central nervous system (CNS), which is an important determinant of mortality in such patients. …”
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High-Affinity Detection of Alpha-Synuclein by Aptamer-Gold Conjugates on an Amine-Modified Dielectric Surface by Xuemei You, Subash C. B. Gopinath, Thangavel Lakshmipriya, Dingan Li

“…Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive health issue and influences an increasingly larger number of people, especially at older ages, affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Alpha-synuclein is a biomarker closely correlated with the CNS and PD. …”
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Learning a Second Language in Adulthood Changes Subcortical Neural Encoding by Dongxin Liu, Shuo Wang, Qi Gao, Ruijuan Dong, Xinxing Fu, Esther Pugh, Jiong Hu

“…Second language learning has been shown to impact and reshape the central nervous system, anatomically and functionally. Most of the studies on second language learning and neuroplasticity have been focused on cortical areas, whereas the subcortical neural encoding mechanism and its relationship with L2 learning have not been examined extensively. …”
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The Distinct Functions of Dopaminergic Receptors on Pain Modulation: A Narrative Review by Xia-qing Wang, Tahmineh Mokhtari, Yu-xuan Zeng, Lu-peng Yue, Li Hu

“…In the present report, we have reviewed the analgesic effects of different dopamine receptors, particularly D1 and D2 receptors, in different regions of the central nervous system, including the spinal cord, striatum, nucleus accumbens (NAc), and periaqueductal gray (PAG). …”
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Adrenoleukodystrophy: Symptoms, Treatment and Newborn Screening. Literature Review and Clinical Case by Laura Regelskytė, Rūta Praninskienė

“…After summarising the literature, 6 main groups of symptoms are suggested: behavioural changes, hearing and visual impairment, neuromuscular system disorders, central nervous system impairment, nonspecific and other non-neurological symptoms. …”
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PET Study in a Patient with Spinocerebellar Degeneration before and after Long-Term Administration of Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone by H. Tanji, H. Nagasawa, T. Hayashi, H. Onodera, T. Fujiwara, M. Itoh, T. Ido, Y. Itoyama

“…We speculate that the chronic effect of TRH was not necessarily due to an improvement of cerebellar function, because TRH receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system.…”
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Exploring the interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling pathway: a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative d... by Fengcheng Deng, Dan Yang, Lingxi Qing, Yifei Chen, Jilian Zou, Meiling Jia, Qian Wang, Runda Jiang, Lihua Huang

“…The interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway in the host’s central nervous system plays a crucial role in neurological diseases and enhances communication along the gut–brain axis. …”
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Sintilimab for treating progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy caused by human polyomavirus 2 virus infection following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a case re... by Xuelian Jin, Xushu Zhong, Qinyu Liu, Xinchuan Chen

“…Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is characterized by demyelination in the central nervous system. It is caused by infection with human polyomavirus 2 and has a poor prognosis. …”
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Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome due to Rhabdomyolysis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome following Cardiogenic Shock by Kosuke Katano, Nozomi Fuse, Yoshitaka Asano, Kimihiro Osada, Akira Miyabe, Ryuma Ishihara, Atsushi Tosaka, Yuriko Satoh, Masako Maeda, Taisuke Mizumura, Akio Oshima, Toshitake Tamamura, Yoichi Sugimura

“…Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is a relatively rare disease that causes rapid demyelination, resulting in pontine and central nervous system damage with various symptoms, including impaired consciousness. …”
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A Tanzanian Boy with Molecularly Confirmed X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy by M. C. J. Dekker, A. M. Sadiq, R. Mc Larty, R. M. Mbwasi, M. A. A. P. Willemsen, H. R. Waterham, B. C. Hamel

“…In a boy with features of a progressive central nervous system condition and adrenal failure, ABCD1 gene screening was performed based on a clinical history and basic radiological features which were compatible with ALD. …”
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Neuromuscular and structural tendon adaptations after 6 weeks of either concentric or eccentric exercise in individuals with non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy: protocol for a r... by Deborah Falla, Eduardo Martinez-Valdes, Ignacio Contreras-Hernandez

“…Introduction There is limited evidence on the neural strategies employed by the central nervous system to control muscle force in the presence of non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy (NIAT). …”
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