Axon regeneration: an issue of translation by Schaeffer, Julia, Belin, Stephane

“…In the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), adult neurons fail to regenerate spontaneously upon axon injury, which leads to a permanent and irreversible loss of neuronal functions. …”
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Noradrenergic Modulation of Cognition in Health and Disease by Olga Borodovitsyna, Matthew Flamini, Daniel Chandler

“…Norepinephrine released by the locus coeruleus modulates cellular processes and synaptic transmission in the central nervous system through its actions at a number of pre- and postsynaptic receptors. …”
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Approaches to the Modulation of Abdominal Pain by Emeran A Mayer, Tony Lembo, Lin Chang

“…Regardless of the primary pathophysiology underlying functional gastrointestinal disorders (ie, central versus peripheral), different pharmacological strategies targeted at different sites in the periphery or within the central nervous system may become effective therapies in the future.…”
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The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis, Nutrition and Parkinson’s Disease by Jevgenija Guk, Rūta Kaladytė Lokominienė, Dalius Jatužis

“…According to Braak’s hypothesis, an unknown pathogen in the gastrointestinal tract may initiate the production of pathogenic α synuclein, which would subsequently spread to the central nervous system. The microbiome-gut-brain axis may be implicated in this process, whereas nutrition can be one of the modifiable regulatory variables. …”
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Immune Challenge Alters Reactivity of Hippocampal Noradrenergic System in Prenatally Stressed Aged Mice by Gayane Grigoryan, Niklas Lonnemann, Martin Korte

“…Prenatal stress (PS) has long-term sequelae for the morphological and functional status of the central nervous system of the progeny. A PS-induced proinflammatory status of the organism may result in an impairment of both hippocampal synaptic plasticity and hippocampus-dependent memory formation in adults. …”
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Imaging Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Amplicon Vector–Mediated Gene Expression in Human Glioma Spheroids by Christine Kaestle, Alexandra Winkeler, Raphaela Richter, Heinrich Sauer, Jürgen Hescheler, Cornel Fraefel, Maria Wartenberg, Andreas H. Jacobs

“…Vectors derived from herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) have great potential for transducing therapeutic genes into the central nervous system; however, inefficient distribution of vector particles in vivo may limit their therapeutic potential in patients with gliomas. …”
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A Lip Lump: An Unexpected Histological Diagnosis of a Lip Schwannoma by Thomas Haigh, John Raad Glore, David Gouldesbrough, Winson Wong

“…In the 2016 World Health Organisation Classification of Central Nervous System, they are classified as a tumour of the cranial and paraspinal nerves, Schwannoma 9560/0. …”
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Rituximab Treatment in Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Associated with Salmonella Infection by Ebru Kacmaz, Gurkan Bozan, Kursat Bora Carman, Omer Kilic, Mehmet Ozgur Arslanoglu, Ugur Toprak, Aslı Kavaz Tufan, Coskun Yarar, Ener Cagri Dinleyici

“…Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory, demyelinating, and rapidly progressive disorder of the central nervous system. This condition is also known as postinfectious encephalomyelitis, and it is characterized by multifocal lesions in the brain and spinal cord with widespread neurological findings. …”
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Use of functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia by Katarzyna Skrobisz, Grażyna Piotrowicz, Adrianna Drozdowska, Karolina Markiet, Agnieszka Sabisz, Patrycja Naumczyk, Grażyna Rydzewska, Edyta Szurowska

“…A patient’s mental condition associated with stress can affect processes taking place in the central nervous system and trigger somatic reactions in the digestive tract through the autonomic visceral system.…”
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Successful Treatment of Posttransplant EBV-Associated Lymphoma and Plasmacytoma Solely Localized to the CNS by Per Boye Hansen, Signe Ledou Nielsen

“…Two patients with diabetic nephropathy were diagnosed with primary central nervous system posttransplant Epstein-Barr-virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) 3 years after renal transplantation. …”
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CHEMOTYPE VERBOCCIDENTAFURAN IN Baccharis punctulata (Asteraceae): FURANIC SESQUITERPENES CORRELATION AND MOLECULAR DOCKING INTO THE BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR by Jociani Ascari, Murilo S. de Oliveira, André L. Rüdiger, Elaine Elisabetsky, Domingos S. Nunes, Jorge Iulek, Dilamara R. Scharf, Gustavo Heiden

“…The results suggest that both compounds 1 and 2 must have affinity for the cavity at a1-y2 interface and support the development of pharmacological research on the compound verboccidentafuran 1 as a drug candidate for modulating the GABA/benzodiazepine complex in the central nervous system.…”
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Neuron-Glia Interactions in Neural Plasticity: Contributions of Neural Extracellular Matrix and Perineuronal Nets by Egor Dzyubenko, Christine Gottschling, Andreas Faissner

“…Astrocytes develop an intimate association with synapses in the central nervous system (CNS) and contribute to the regulation of ion and neurotransmitter concentrations. …”
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Case report: Guillain-Barré syndrome and possible association with Lyme disease by I. Muliuolis, E. Tilindytė, R. Samaitienė

“…It is characterized by sensory, motor and reflex disorder, damaged cranial nerves, autonomic disorders, and, less frequently, damage to the central nervous system. This is a life-threatening condition that urges patients to seek emergency treatment for progressive pain, paralysis and/or respiratory distress that can cause death in the absence of timely treatment. …”
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Primary intracranial malignant melanoma in an adolescent: case report and literature review by Nyoman Golden, I Gusti Ketut Agung Surya Kencana, Christopher Lauren, Angky Saputra, Denny Japardi

“…Primary intracranial malignant melanoma (PIMM) is an exceedingly rare central nervous system tumor, accounting for only 1% of melanoma cases and 0.07% of primary CNS tumors, with limited documentation in adolescents. …”
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The Rise of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Glia Models of Neuroinflammation by Srishti Kala, Andrew G. Strutz, Moriah E. Katt

“…Neuroinflammation is a blanket term that describes the body’s complex inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS). It encompasses a phenotype shift to a proinflammatory state, the release of cytokines, the recruitment of peripheral immune cells, and a wide variety of other processes. …”
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Chronic active lesions in multiple sclerosis: classification, terminology, and clinical significance by Assunta Dal-Bianco, Jiwon Oh, Pascal Sati, Martina Absinta

“…In multiple sclerosis (MS), increasing disability is considered to occur due to persistent, chronic inflammation trapped within the central nervous system (CNS). This condition, known as smoldering neuroinflammation, is present across the clinical spectrum of MS and is currently understood to be relatively resistant to treatment with existing disease-modifying therapies. …”
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Expression of the cellular prion protein by mast cells in white-tailed deer carotid body, cervical lymph nodes and ganglia by Anthony E. Kincaid, Nathaniel D. Denkers, Erin E. McNulty, Caitlyn N. Kraft, Jason C. Bartz, Candace K. Mathiason

“…While both oral and nasal routes of exposure to prions cause disease, the spatial and temporal details of how prions enter the central nervous system (CNS) are unknown. Carotid bodies (CBs) are structures that are exposed to blood-borne prions and are densely innervated by nerves that are directly connected to brainstem nuclei, known to be early sites of prion neuroinvasion. …”
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The biological and functional restoration of spinal cord injury by JIAN Feng‐zeng, YANG Qi‐qi, DUAN Wan‐ru

“…Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system disease. Serious complications can occur as a result of loss of sensory and motor functions below the injury level and a consistent hostile response in the injury region. …”
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Activating the Antitumor Immune Response in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Using Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors by Maansi Joshi, Stephen M. Ansell

“…Some lymphoma histologies, such as primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma (PMBL), central nervous system, and testicular lymphomas and gray zone lymphoma, respond favorably to PD-1 blockade, but the response rates in most lymphoma subtypes are low. …”
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Bing–Neel Syndrome: An Unknown GCA Mimicker by Arifa Javed, Sadia Arooj Javed, Barbara Ostrov, Jiang Qian, Khoa Ngo

“…BNS is a rare complication (1%) of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM), which results from infiltration of lymph plasmacytoid cells and plasma cells into the central nervous system. A 77-year-old female with a past medical history of glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic ocular ischemic syndrome in her right eye presented with progressive left eye vision loss for 5 days. …”
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