Complexity: a new paradigm for fracture mechanics by S. Puzzi, A. Carpinteri

“…In fact, under the label of Complexity Sciences we comprehend a large variety of approaches: nonlinear dynamics, deterministic chaos theory, nonequilibrium thermodynamics, fractal geometry, intermediate asymptotics, complete and incomplete similarity, renormalization group theory, catastrophe theory, self-organized criticality, neural networks, cellular automata, fuzzy logic, etc. Aim of this paper is at providing insight into the role of complexity in the field of Materials Science and Fracture Mechanics [2-3]. …”
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ROBUST DESIGN OF CRASH CUSHION ENERGY-ABSORBING BOX BASED ON THE CRASHWORTHINESS TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION by HUANG YuPeng, SONG Jie, LEI ZhengBao

“…In order to improve the crashworthiness of the crash cushion energy-absorbing box,firstly,this paper established the"vehicle-crash cushion"FE models of frontal impact,offset impact,oblique impact and frontal side impact in accordance with the regulations,and then a crashworthiness topology optimization method of cellular automata was used for the energyabsorbing box topology optimization in the transverse and longitudinal extrusion constraint respectively,the optimized results show that the obtained beam configuration in the longitudinal extrusion constraint is different from the barrel configuration in the transverse extrusion constraint and it performs better in the crashworthiness. …”
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Revue critique de trois outils de modélisation intégrée du territoire et de l’environnement pour la planification en Amérique du nord by Jean-François Guay, Jean-Philippe Waaub

“…This tool set is based on (1) ecological mapping where focus is put on the description of natural/physical landscape, (2) landscape-oriented visual modeling or geovisualization, and (3) spatial modelling which includes cellular automata and multiagent systems which use are intended for the detailed modeling of interactions between individuals and between individuals and their living space. …”
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Scenario Analysis on Climate Change Impacts of Urban Land Expansion under Different Urbanization Patterns: A Case Study of Wuhan Metropolitan by Xinli Ke, Feng Wu, Caixue Ma

“…In this paper, taking Wuhan metropolitan as the case study area, and three urbanization patterns scenarios are designed to simulate spatial patterns of urban land expansion in the future using the Partitioned and Asynchronous Cellular Automata Model. Then, simulation results of land use are adjusted and inputted into WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) model to simulate regional climate change. …”
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An Innovative Approach for Modelling Urban Road Traffic Using Timed Automata and Formal Methods by Eduardo Valente, Camelia Avram, José Machado, Adina Astilean

“…For this purpose, modelling formalisms (cellular automata and timed automata) and analysis techniques (simulation and formal verification) are proposed to reach the main goals of modelling complex and adaptable behaviours in urban road traffic with multiple over time changeable configurations. …”
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Simulating the Effects of Noncrossing Block Sections Setting Rules on Capacity Loss of Double-Track Railway Line due to the Operation of out-of-Gauge Trains by Yinggui Zhang, Qiong-fang Zeng, Dingyou Lei, Xinyu Wang

“…Firstly, yielding, overtaking, stopping, starting, and other operation rules for OGTs running on double-track railway line were designed, and a simulation model based on cellular automata was further put forward. Then, an assessment model for double-track railway line capacity loss due to the operation of OGTs was set up. …”
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Capacity Model of Exclusive Right-Turn Lane at Signalized Intersection considering Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction by Chengcheng Yang, Jiawen Wang, Jieshuang Dong

“…Finally, a pedestrian-vehicle interaction model of cellular automata for the exclusive right-turn lane is established and its simulation results are compared with the results of the PV-RTC model. …”
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Manifesto for transparent mathematical modeling: from ecology to general science by Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov, Lev V. Kalmykov

“…Here we present and justify the hypothesis that it is possible to construct transparent mathematical white-box models using logical deterministic cellular automata, where the rules used to construct these models are based on the general theory of the relevant domain. …”
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A Multistory Building Evacuation Model Based on Multiple-Factor Analysis by Yang Zhou, Tanghong Wu, Gaofan Zhang, Zichuan Fan

“…The function of evacuation time and some other parameters is given by means of regression analysis. Secondly, the cellular automata (CA) algorithm was applied to illustrate the effect of the bottleneck. …”
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An Architecture of 2-Dimensional 4-Dot 2-Electron QCA Full Adder and Subtractor with Energy Dissipation Study by Md. Abdullah-Al-Shafi, Ali Newaz Bahar

“…Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is the beginning of novel technology and is capable of an appropriate substitute for orthodox semiconductor transistor technology in the nanoscale extent. …”
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Study on Semantic Contrast Evaluation Based on Vector and Raster Data Patch Generalization by Jun Yang, Yuechen Li, Jianchao Xi, Chuang Li, Fuding Xie

“…We used buffer superposition, Delaunay triangulation skeleton line, and other methods to achieve the aggregation and amalgamation of the vector data, adopted the method of combining mathematical morphology and cellular automata to achieve the patch generalization of the raster data, and selected the two evaluation elements (namely, semantic consistency and semantic completeness) from the semantic perspective to conduct the contrast evaluation study on the generalization results from the two levels, respectively, namely, land type and map. …”
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Spatial Spread of Tuberculosis through Neighborhoods Segregated by Socioeconomic Position: A Stochastic Automata Model by David Rehkopf, Alice Furumoto-Dawson, Anthony Kiszewski, Tamara Awerbuch-Friedlander

“…A discrete spatial model representing neighborhoods segregated by levels of crowding and immunocompetence is constructed and used to evaluate prevention strategies, based on a number of assumptions about the spatial dynamics of tuberculosis. A cellular automata model is used to (a) construct neighborhoods of different densities, (b) model stochastically local interactions among individuals, and (c) model the spread of tuberculosis within and across neighborhoods over time. …”
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Modeling of autowave processes in active media with inhomogeneous properties by A. V. Gulaj, V. A. Gulaj, A. V. Dubovik

“…The study of autowaves by the cellular automata method is based on the Wiener–Rosenbluth model, according to which each element of the active environment can be in one of three states: rest, excitation and refractoriness. …”
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Information Processing Features Can Detect Behavioral Regimes of Dynamical Systems by Rick Quax, Gregor Chliamovitch, Alexandre Dupuis, Jean-Luc Falcone, Bastien Chopard, Alfons G. Hoekstra, Peter M. A. Sloot

“…We apply it to the 256 elementary cellular automata (ECA), which are the simplest possible dynamical systems exhibiting behaviors ranging from simple to complex. …”
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Simulation and prediction of land use and land cover change using GIS, remote sensing and CA-Markov model by H.A. Khawaldah, I. Farhan, N.M. Alzboun

“…This study analyzes the characteristics of land use/land cover change in Jordan’s Irbid governorate, 1984–2018, and predicts future land use/land cover for 2030 and 2050 using a cellular automata-Markov model. The results inform planners and decision makers of past and current spatial dynamics of land use/land cover change and predicted urban expansion, for a better understanding and successful planning. …”
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Integrating Multi-Model Simulations to Address Partial Observability in Population Dynamics: A Python-Based Ecological Tool by Yide Yu, Huijie Li, Yue Liu, Yan Ma

“…WAPET integrates Monte Carlo simulation with ecological models, including Logistic Growth, Random Walk, and Cellular Automata, to provide a multi-perspective assessment of ecological systems. …”
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Integrated land use land cover-energy modeling framework for solar energy planning in the future expansion areas; the case of Luxor city Region, Egypt by Mohammed Hussien Yadem Lamien, Hooman Farzaneh

“…The model integrates Cellular Automata and Markov chain methods to predict future simulated land use land cover and expansion areas, considering the impact of both physical and neighborhood driving factors. …”
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A Novel Method for Predicting Urban Residential Quality Distribution Based on Multi-Interest Consideration by Jiawen Ren, Xin Zhou, Jingjing An, Xing Shi, Xing Jin, Tianzhen Hong, Da Yan

“…Given limited resources, understanding how to improve urban residential quality and rationally plan the distribution of different quality levels warrants further study. Using cellular automata (CA) and agent-based modules, this study proposes a multi-stakeholder residential quality distribution model to analyze the future quality distribution of residential buildings under different scenarios. …”
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Conditions for Setting Exclusive Pedestrian Phases at Two-Phase Signalized Intersections considering Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction by Jiawen Wang, Chengcheng Yang, Jing Zhao

“…Finally, by introducing pedestrian-vehicle interaction rules, a cellular automata (CA) simulation platform of pedestrian-vehicle interaction in crosswalk is established; based on the field data of Shanghai, a simulation model of intersection is established, and the total delay, queue length, and vehicle throughput under conventional signal control plan and EPP plan are compared. …”
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A fault tolerant CSA in QCA technology for IoT devices by Saeid Seyedi, Hatam Abdoli

“…Abstract According to recent research, with the ever-increasing use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, there has arisen an ever-growing need for high-performance yet low-power circuits that can efficiently process information. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology due to its great potential in digital design at nanoscale levels on account of very low power consumption and very high processing speed. …”
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