Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index with Iron Deficiency in Reproductive Age Women: Evidence from NHANES 2005-2018 by Ding J, Xu Z, Liang R, Xie S

“…Mediation effects of TyG-BMI were further explored by causal mediation analysis.Results: Among reproductive-age women, both DII and TyG-BMI were significantly positively associated with ID (DII: OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.19, 1.48; TyG-BMI: OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02, 1.35). …”
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Designing a Digital Transformation Model in the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in Iran by Saeid Noadoust, Mostafa Safdari Ranjbar

“…Through the grounded theory approach, the study could design a model of digital transformation in the offshore oil and gas industry of Iran, including six main elements: phenomenon-centered, consequences, causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, and strategies.   …”
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Using group model building to frame the commercial determinants of dietary behaviour in adolescence – findings from online system mapping workshops with adolescents, policymakers a... by Yanaina Chavez-Ugalde, Frank De Vocht, Russell Jago, Martin White, Zoi Toumpakari

“…Results The system map contains 37 elements connected by 70 hypothesised causal links and five feedback loops. These elements were grouped into six themes that portray the complexity of factors that influence adolescents’ food choices in their physical and digital environments, disproportionately encouraging the consumption of unhealthy products. …”
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Comparative effectiveness of laparoscopic versus open colectomy in colon cancer patients: a study protocol for emulating a target trial using cancer registry data by Semaw Ferede Abera, Gabriele Robers, Anika Kästner, Ulrike Stentzel, Kerstin Weitmann, Wolfgang Hoffmann

“…Discussion: This study aims to causally model the effect of laparoscopic versus open colectomy on 5 year overall survival using a target trial emulation approach. …”
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Associations between autistic traits and early ear and upper respiratory signs: a prospective observational study of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) ge... by Amanda Hall, Dheeraj Rai, Jean Golding, Yasmin Iles-Caven, Steven Gregory, Richard Maw

“…Results suggest the need for identification and management of ear, nose and throat conditions in autistic children and may provide possible indicators of causal mechanisms.…”
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Nurse worry as a trigger for rapid response team activation improving outcomes: a retrospective cohort study in non-critical units by Luana L.S. Gentil, Milena S. Nascimento, Michele Jaures, Leonardo P. de Carvalho, Claudia R. Laselva, Simone Brandi

“…However, the observational design of the study does not allow for establishing causal relationships.…”
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Environmental risk factors for self-harm during imprisonment: A pilot prospective cohort study. by Thomas Stephenson, Imogen Harris, Charlotte Armstrong, Seena Fazel, Roxanna Short, Nigel Blackwood

“…Findings regarding prisoner-staff ratio and self-harm most likely reflect a reverse causal relationship. Replication in larger cohort studies is required to address the limitations of this pilot study.…”
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Plasma miRNAs in polycystic ovary syndrome drive endometrial cancer progression: insights into molecular pathways and therapeutic targets by Xuedan Lai, Ling Wu, Peihong Lin, Lijiao You, Jianwen Ye

“…Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis identified potential causal relationships between AURKA gene expression and PCOS or UCEC. …”
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Characterization of Patients with Central Nervous System Infections by Benigno Figueiras Ramos, Ángel Julio Romero Cabrera, Raúl López Fernández, Sandra Borroto Lecuona, Raúl Nieto Cabrera

“…<strong>Fundamento:</strong> las infecciones del sistema nervioso central se manifiestan con características propias según la forma clínica que adopten y los agentes causales que las producen. <strong><br />Objetivo:</strong> caracterizar a pacientes con infecciones del sistema nervioso central. …”
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Methodical approaches to identification of effective wheat genes providing broad-spectrum resistance against fungal diseases by E. S. Skolotneva, I. N. Leonova, E. Yu. Bukatich, E. A.  Salina

“…Among the pathogenic complex of the common wheat there is a causal agent of leaf and stem diseases: (rusts and powdery mildew), which has economic importan ce for most of the Russian regions. …”
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Investigating the Causes of Antisocial Behaviour Among Teenagers in Central Division Kabale Municipality Kabale District. by Muhoza, Marie Alliance

“…The design of the study was built on a causal relationship based on the results from some of the data collection tools which are questionnaires, oral interviews, and observation methods. …”
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Inverse relationship of oxidative balance score with hyperuricemia among Chinese adults: a population-based cross-sectional study by Hewei Peng, Ying Han, Jingru Huang, Wenxin Qiu, Huajing Chang, Jiangwang Fang, Xian-E Peng

“…Large prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are required to verify the effect of OBS on hyperuricemia and elucidate its causal mechanism.…”
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Kefir Prevents Adipose Tissue Growth Through the Induction of Apoptotic Elements in High-Fructose Corn Syrup-Fed Rats by Esra Aslan, Gokhan Sadi, Hilal Guzel, Cigdem Karaca, Omer Adil Korkmaz, Mine Kanat Pektas, Mehmet Celegen, Tugce Aladag, Seyma Oncu, Mehmet Bilgehan Pektas

“…Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in the diet is a causal factor in the development of abdominal obesity; however, the molecular mechanism behind this association is still up for debate. …”
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Correlações fenotípicas e análise de trilha em caracteres morfoagronômicos de mamoeiro by Clemilton Alves da Silva, Edilson Romais Schmildt, Omar Schmildt, Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre, Laercio Francisco Cattaneo, Jeferson Pereira Ferreira, Adriel Lima Nascimento

“…Inicialmente, realizou-se a análise de trilha considerando um único diagrama causal, a variável principal em função de dois componentes primários. …”
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Ecological niche and phenotypic differences among two alpine Rhododendron species and their natural hybrids in a common landscape by Yanghui Zhao, Ying Zhang, Liang Xu, Yadan Yan, Chuncheng Wang, Yafeng Wen, Donglin Zhang

“…The observed ecological niche and phenotypic differences observed likely resulted either causal effects or indirect consequences of ecologically mediated changes. …”
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Dynamic rationing using agent-based modeling of the assembly process of equipment for nuclear power plants by I. A. Loskutov, D. A. Skvortsova, V. G. Iskandarova

“…The agreements state a slight deviation from the data model of the developed agent-based model of a practical experiment carried out as part of the implementation of the contract for the creation of equipment for a new power unit, a causal analysis is carried out. Also, in the applications, exceptional values of some performance indicators are analyzed and attention is focused on the unjustification of classical average approaches in the analysis of overall performance, using several examples. …”
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The Impact of Atorvastatin on Intraprostatic Biomarkers – Prognostic Value of 3LS-score – Follow-up of ESTO1-Trial by Eemil Lehtonen, Maiju Vertanen, Heimo Syvälä, Teemu Tolonen, Seppo Auriola, Teuvo Tammela, Aino Siltari, Teemu Murtola

“…Statins have been associated with survival benefits in advanced Pca, potentially by modulating cholesterol metabolism and tumor biology. However, the causal mechanisms are not well understood. A distinct three-lipid signature (3LS) has previously been proposed as a prognostic biomarker for PCa. …”
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Relevance of plant growth-promoting bacteria in reducing the severity of tomato wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by altering metabolites and related genes by Waquar Akhter Ansari, Ram Krishna, Sarvesh Pratap Kashyap, Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi, Mohammad Abul Farah, Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal, Akhilesh Yadav, Mohammad Tarique Zeyad, Jay Prakash Verma

“…Among the biotic stresses, wilt disease severely affects tomato quality and productivity globally. The causal organism of this disease is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), which is very well known and has a significant impact on the productivity of other crops as well. …”
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Evaluation of variation in special educational needs provision and its impact on health and education using administrative records for England: umbrella protocol for a mixed-method... by Stuart Logan, Ruth Gilbert, Tamsin Ford, Johnny Downs, Jugnoo Rahi, Ania Zylbersztejn, Katie Harron, Kate Boddy, Bianca De Stavola, Vincent Nguyen, Isaac Winterburn, Kate Lewis, Lucy Karwatowska, Lorraine Dearden, Sarah Barnes, Jacob Matthews, Matthew Lilliman, Jennifer Saxton, Antony Stone, Kristine Black-Hawkins

“…WP3 assesses the impact of SEN provision on health and education outcomes for specific health phenotypes using a range of causal inference methods to account for confounding factors and possible selection bias. …”
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Anti-PL-7/PL-12 antisynthetase syndrome associated with interstitial lung disease following SARS-COV-2 infection and vaccination: A case study review by Laura García-Bravo, Ángela Villegas, Bárbara López Uceda, Anaís Mariscal, Cristina Vadillo, M Asunción Nieto Barbero, Juan Luis Rodríguez-Hermosa, Beatriz Mediero Valeros, José Carlos Plaza-Hernández, Miguel Fernández-Arquero, María Guzmán-Fulgencio, Gloria Candelas-Rodríguez, Silvia Sánchez-Ramón, Juliana Ochoa-Grullón

“…Further research is essential to elucidate the causal relationships and molecular mechanisms behind these observations.…”
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