GDF-15 Is Associated with Poor Physical Function in Prefrail Older Adults with Diabetes by Reshma Aziz Merchant, Yiong Huak Chan, Gustavo Duque

“…The association of GDF-15 with DM-associated poor physical function is independent of inflammation in prefrail older adults. Its causal-association link needs to be determined in longitudinal studies.…”
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Fiscal Decentralisation and the Performance of Health Sector in Kabale District, Uganda. by Ali Khamis, Hashir

“…The design of the study was built on a causal relationship based on the results from some of the data collection tools which are questionnaires, oral interviews and observations of the researcher. …”
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Association between diabetes mellitus and tinnitus: A meta-analysis by Shi Luo, Jianxue Wen, Qilong Bao, Haibo Ou, Shuting Yi, Peng Peng

“…Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and causal relationships. Nonetheless, the results underscore the importance of monitoring tinnitus in patients with diabetes. …”
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Behavioral flexibility is manipulable and it improves flexibility and innovativeness in a new context by Logan, Corina, Lukas, Dieter, Blaisdell, Aaron, Johnson-Ulrich, Zoe, MacPherson, Maggie, Seitz, Benjamin, Sevchik, August, McCune, Kelsey

“…Understanding how flexibility causally relates to other traits will allow researchers to develop robust theory about what flexibility is and when to invoke it as a primary driver in a given context, such as a rapid geographic range expansion. …”
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Alterations in fecal bacteriome virome interplay and microbiota-derived dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia by Shiwan Tao, Yulu Wu, Liling Xiao, Yunqi Huang, Han Wang, Yiguo Tang, Siyi Liu, Yunjia Liu, Qianshu Ma, Yubing Yin, Minhan Dai, Min Xie, Jia Cai, Zhengyang Zhao, Qiuyue Lv, Jiashuo Zhang, Mengting Zhang, Menghan Wei, Yang Chen, Mingli Li, Qiang Wang

“…The SMM model suggested potential causal chains between gut viruses and SCZ, indicating that the effect of gut virome on SCZ is significantly mediated by bacteriome and metabolites. …”
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Obesity Is Associated with Early Onset of Gastrointestinal Cancers in California by Yen-Yi Juo, Melinda A. Maggard Gibbons, Erik Dutson, Anne Y. Lin, Jane Yanagawa, O. Joe Hines, Guido Eibl, Yijun Chen

“…Further research with prospective cohort data may be required to establish the causal relationship between obesity and cancer onset age.…”
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Transcriptional time-course analysis during ash dieback infection revealed different responses in tolerant and susceptible Fraxinus excelsior genotypes by Víctor Chano, Renata Callegari Ferrari, Tania Domínguez-Flores, Karuna Shrestha, Barbara Fussi, Hannes Seidel, Oliver Gailing, Katharina B. Budde

“…Abstract Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal agent of Ash Dieback (ADB), has been introduced to eastern Europe in the 1990s from where it spread causing decline in European ash populations. …”
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Coping Strategies in Migraine without Aura: A Cross-Sectional Study by Antonio Russo, Gabriella Santangelo, Alessandro Tessitore, Marcello Silvestro, Francesca Trojsi, Antonio De Mase, Federica Garramone, Luigi Trojano, Gioacchino Tedeschi

“…Background. In the context of a causal relationship between stress and migraine, coping strategies are aimed at managing stressful life events and reducing the distressing emotions connected to them. …”
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Optineurin overexpression ameliorates neurodegeneration through regulating neuroinflammation and mitochondrial quality in a murine model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Shumin Zhao, Shumin Zhao, Ranran Chen, Ranran Chen, Yi An, Yali Zhang, Yali Zhang, Cheng Ma, Ying Gao, Ying Gao, Yanchao Lu, Yanchao Lu, Fei Yang, Fei Yang, Xue Bai, Xue Bai, Jingjing Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Jingjing Zhang

“…Genetic mutations in Optineurin (OPTN) and Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) have been identified as causal factors for ALS. OPTN immunopositive inclusions have been confirmed in the cases of ALS with SOD1 mutations. …”
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Does Clostridium Perfringens Epsilon Toxin Mimic an Auto-Antigen Involved in Multiple Sclerosis? by Marie-Lise Gougeon, Valérie Seffer, Cezarela Hoxha, Elisabeth Maillart, Michel R. Popoff

“…Thus, our data argue against the hypothesis of a causal relationship between <i>C. perfringens</i> ETX and MS.…”
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Exposure to major coronary heart disease events reduces lung cancer risk: a mendelian randomization study based on a European population by Dongming He, Hongting Lu, Xinhuai Ou, Tiaozhan Zheng, Zhiwen Zheng, Zhanyu Xu, Xiaohong Duan, Shikang Li

“…Abstract Objective This study seeks to elucidate the causal relationship between major coronary heart disease events (MCHDE) and lung cancer incidence through mendelian randomization (MR), with the goal of providing evidence to inform more effective lung cancer screening and prevention strategies. …”
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The role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inflammatory markers in the progress of Alport syndrome in Egyptian children by Moushira Zaki, Hisham A. Orban, Mohamed A. Shahba, Rehab S. I. Moustafa, Ahmed Adel, Fatina I. Fadel, Abeer Selim, Hala T. El-Bassyouni, Eman R. Youness

“…Conclusion The role of inflammatory markers cyclooxygenase-2, Prostaglandin E2, Interleukin 4, and Plasminogen activating inhibitor 1 in Alport syndrome that are causally connected and have a role in the development and course of Alport disease was delineated. …”
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Impact of Comprehensive Health Insurance affiliation on mortality in children under one year: an analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey 2010–2022 in Peru by Marcos Espinola-Sánchez, Marcos Espinola-Sánchez, Andres Campaña-Acuña, Diego Urrunaga-Pastor, Diego Urrunaga-Pastor, Jorge L. Maguiña, Manuel Jumpa, Oscar Ugarte-Ubillus

“…Additionally, the study evaluated how CHI affects infant mortality according to wealth quintiles in the Peruvian population.MethodsA causal inference analysis with observational data was applied, employing propensity score matching. …”
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Examination of the relationship between serum zinc levels and peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel/carboplatin combination therapy in gynecological cancer patients by Yutaka Torii, Kana Naito, Junichi Takagi, Akira Yasue, Kazuhiko Tsukada, Takuma Fujii, Haruki Nishizawa

“…Conclusions: If a decrease in serum zinc levels during TC therapy is smaller than before therapy, it may imply the existence of a causal relationship that suppresses the aggravation of CIPN.…”
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Impaired peroxisomal beta-oxidation in microglia triggers oxidative stress and impacts neurons and oligodendrocytes by Ali Tawbeh, Catherine Gondcaille, Fatima-Ezzahra Saih, Quentin Raas, Damien Loichot, Yannick Hamon, Céline Keime, Alexandre Benani, Francesca Di Cara, Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki, Pierre Andreoletti, Stéphane Savary

“…Emerging evidence identifies abnormal microglial activation as a causal factor at the onset of peroxisomal leukodystrophies, including X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD). …”
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Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri requires a genus-specific outer membrane protein and TolB to coordinate cell membrane integrity and virulence by Leilei Wu, Xueyan Zhu, Hang Long, Xinyu Huang, Shuying Zhu, Qi Xue, Ziao Li, Huasong Zou

“…These results indicate that the interaction of OMPXan and TolB coordinates multi-faceted mechanisms to manage environmental stress and pathogenicity.IMPORTANCEThe gram-negative Xanthomoas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is a causal agent of citrus canker, a serious bacterial disease on citrus plants. …”
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Stakeholders’ Views on Factors Influencing Nutrition Policy: a Qualitative Study Across Ten European Countries by Jeruszka-Bielak Marta, Sicińska Ewa, Wit Liesbeth de, Ruprich Jiří, Řehůřková Irena, Brown Kerry A., Timotijevic Lada, Sonne Anne-Mette, Haugaard Pernille, Guzzon Antonella, Garcia Noé Brito, Alevritou Eleni, Hermoso Maria, Sarmant Yuliya, Lähteenmäki Liisa, Roszkowski Wojciech, Raats Monique M.

“…The main factors influencing the micronutrient policies were: systematic monitoring of nutrition and health, causal relationships between consumers’ diet-related behaviours and health outcomes, scientific recommendations from national bodies (Science area); scientific recommendations from international authorities and experiences of other countries, EU legislation, cultural factors (Wider context) and political environment, national capacity to deal with the problem, national legislation, economics, stakeholder engagement, relationships between stakeholders (Policy and institutions area). …”
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Distinctive Gut Microbiota Alteration Is Associated with Poststroke Functional Recovery: Results from a Prospective Cohort Study by Yini Dang, Xintong Zhang, Yu Zheng, Binbin Yu, Dijia Pan, Xiaomin Jiang, Chengjie Yan, Qiuyu Yu, Xiao Lu

“…It would facilitate novel treatment target selection in the context of stroke while the causal relationships between distinctive gut microbiota alterations and functional variations need to be further verified with well-designed studies.…”
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In vitro high-throughput screening of the antimicrobial activity of different compounds against Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca by Carmine Del Grosso, Luca Grandi, Tommaso Lombardi, Giusy D’Attoma, Nicolas Schmitt, Vito Rocco De Michele, Maria Saponari

“…Among the different European isolates, those of the subspecies pauca have been ranked as highly pathogenic, being the causal agents of the olive quick decline decimating olive trees in southern Italy. …”
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Predictors of depression among Chinese college students: a machine learning approach by Lin Luo, Junfeng Yuan, Chenghan Wu, Yanling Wang, Rui Zhu, Huilin Xu, Luqin Zhang, Zhongge Zhang

“…However, longitudinal studies are required to establish causal relationships and validate these findings through intervention trials.…”
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