The Holy Grail of Orthopedic Surgery: Mesenchymal Stem Cells—Their Current Uses and Potential Applications by Roberto Berebichez-Fridman, Ricardo Gómez-García, Julio Granados-Montiel, Enrique Berebichez-Fastlicht, Anell Olivos-Meza, Julio Granados, Cristina Velasquillo, Clemente Ibarra

“…Here, we review the application of MSCs to various orthopedic conditions, namely, orthopedic trauma; muscle injury; articular cartilage defects and osteoarthritis; meniscal injuries; bone disease; nerve, tendon, and ligament injuries; spinal cord injuries; intervertebral disc problems; pediatrics; and rotator cuff repair. …”
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β-Caryophyllene and Statins in Bone Fracture Healing – A Narrative Review by Marom H, Khan MA, Darvish N, Tornetta III P, Khoury A, Weil YA, Skelley NW, Allison DC, Meiron S, Ehrmann Barr T

“…The complex healing process involves inflammation, cartilage formation, mineralization, and bone remodeling. …”
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Radiography may not be accurate in assessing acute ankle sprains in children by Xiongtao Li, Xiantao Shen, Si Wang, Jie Sun, Zhaoting Liu

“…However, radiography may not be sufficiently accurate for assessing cartilage and ligament injuries in children. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity of radiography in the diagnosis of acute ankle sprains in children. …”
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Outcomes of Open Reduction and Modified McLaughlin’s Procedure in Neglected Posterior Shoulder Dislocation by Vikas, Jatin Prakash, Karan Maggo, Jujhar Singh, Ankesh Jain, Naval Bhatia

“…Exclusion criteria included associated proximal humerus fractures, severe cartilage damage on MRI, and humeral defect >30%. Preoperative and postoperative clinical and imaging evaluations were performed, including radiographs, CT scans, and MRI. …”
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Potency of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Indomethacin in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rats: Roles of TNF-α, IL-10, iNOS, MMP-9, and TGF-β1 by Eman A. Ahmed, Osama M. Ahmed, Hanaa I. Fahim, Tarek M. Ali, Basem H. Elesawy, Mohamed B. Ashour

“…Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) may be an alternative medicine since they may differentiate into a variety of mesenchymal tissues including bone and cartilage. Indomethacin (IMC) could be suggested as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antirheumatic potential agent against the course of RA since it possesses significant palliative effects and antipyretic properties. …”
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Wnt signaling as a translational target in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis by Gloria Riitano, Francesca Spinelli, Valeria Manganelli, Daniela Caissutti, Antonella Capozzi, Cristina Garufi, Tina Garofalo, Roberta Misasi, Maurizio Sorice, Fabrizio Conti, Agostina Longo, Cristiano Alessandri

“…RA primarily targets the synovial joints and is characterized by cartilage and bone erosion, whereas PsA is associated with skin and nail psoriasis and is characterized by erosive bone damage with an exuberant bone formation and soft tissue involvement. …”
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Jack Surgery: Reconstructing Collapsed Femoral Head in Association Research Circulation Osseous Stage III Osteonecrosis: A Series of 13 Cases by Ying Zhong, Yichen Gong, Shuaijie Lv, Wenxi Du, Xun Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Peijian Tong

“…To lift the collapsed femoral head and postpone the potential total hip arthroplasty, we practiced Jack surgery, combining surgical hip dislocation, removal of necrotic bone, impaction bone grafting, and lifting the cartilage of femoral head. Methods From February 2019 to July 2022, 13 patients (15 hips) who received Jack surgery in the research center were included in this retrospective study. …”
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Anti-inflammatory treatment using alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) does not alter osteoblasts differentiation and fracture healing by Johanna Graue, Melanie Timmen, Katharina Schmitz, Daniel Kronenberg, Markus Böhm, Kishor K. Sivaraj, M. Gabriele Bixel, Richard Stange

“…Callus formation in fractured femurs of α-MSH-treated mice was slightly delayed at day 14 post fracture with regard to less cartilage formation (NaCl: 19.9%; α-MSH: 13.5%) and soft tissue remodeling (NaCl: 15.2%; α-MSH: 19.5%) but these results were not significantly different and fracture healing overall occurred in a regular way. …”
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Fasting activates optineurin-mediated mitophagy in chondrocytes to protect against osteoarthritis by Min-Na Zhang, Ran Duan, Gui-Hong Chen, Mei-Jun Chen, Chun-Gu Hong, Xin Wang, Zhi-Lin Pang, Chun-Yuan Chen, Hua-Feng Liu, Da Zhong, Hui Xie, Wen-Bao Hu, Zheng-Zhao Liu

“…Abstract Mitochondrial homeostasis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and chondrocyte apoptosis. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the association between mitophagy and OA remain unclear. …”
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Integrated analysis of bioinformatics, mendelian randomization, and experimental validation reveals novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis: progesterone as a p... by Ziyu Weng, Chenzhong Wang, Bo Liu, Yi Yang, Yueqi Zhang, Chi Zhang

“…Abstract Background Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by progressive degeneration of cartilage and reactive proliferation of subchondral bone, stands as a prevalent condition in orthopedic clinics. …”
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Polymerized-Type I Collagen Downregulates Inflammation and Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Following Arthroscopic Lavage: A Randomized,... by Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda, Guadalupe Lima, Luis Llorente, Carlos Nuñez-Álvarez, Blanca H. Ruiz-Ordaz, Santiago Echevarría-Zuno, Virgilio Hernández-Cuevas

“…Polymerized-type I collagen (polymerized collagen) is a downmodulator of inflammation and cartilage regenerator biodrug. Aim. To evaluate the effect of intraarticular injections of polymerized collagen after arthroscopic lavage on inflammation and clinical improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). …”
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A ROS-responsive hydrogel encapsulated with matrix metalloproteinase-13 siRNA nanocarriers to attenuate osteoarthritis progression by Qiuyang Wang, Kai Feng, Guangsheng Wan, Wei Liao, Jing Jin, Peng Wang, Xiaolian Sun, Weijun Wang, Qing Jiang

“…Intra-articular injection of si-Fe-HPP significantly attenuated cartilage degradation in mice with destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA. …”
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Circular RNA RHOT1 Regulates miR-142-5p/CCND1 to Participate in Chondrocyte Autophagy and Proliferation in Osteoarthritis by Gu Man, Haiwen Yang, Kai Shen, Donghong Zhang, Julin Zhang, Hao Wu, Hongyu Zhang, Jinhuan Wang

“…Meanwhile, the apoptosis was induced in OA rats but the depletion of circRHOT1 could block the phenotype in the rats. The articular cartilage degeneration was promoted in OA rats, while the knockdown of circRHOT1 repressed the degeneration. …”
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Causes of revision hip arthroplasty after hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture by Alexander N. Tsed, Nikita E. Mushtin, Alexander K. Dulaev

“…The use of a larger hemiendoprosthesis cup compared to the femoral head led to early erosion of cartilage tissue. Smaller hemiendoprosthesis cups were complicated by early protrusions of the acetabulum floor. …”
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Bifidobacterium animalis BD400 protects from collagen-induced arthritis through histidine metabolism by Yang Yang, Yang Yang, Qing Hong, Qing Hong, Xuehong Zhang, Zhenmin Liu, Zhenmin Liu

“…Additionally, there was a decrease in osteo-facial fusion and calcified cartilage thickening in the knee joint. Furthermore, the oral administration of B. animalis BD400 resulted in the down-regulation of inflammatory factors TNF-α and collagenase MMP-13 in the knee joint. …”
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Systemic Resolvin E1 (RvE1) Treatment Does Not Ameliorate the Severity of Collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA) in Mice: A Randomized, Prospective, and Controlled Proof of Concept Study by Rafael Scaf de Molon, Rogier M. Thurlings, Birgitte Walgreen, Monique M. Helsen, Peter M. van der Kraan, Joni Augusto Cirelli, Marije I. Koenders

“…CIA triggered significant inflammation in the synovial cavity, proteoglycan loss, and cartilage and bone destruction in the ankle joints of mice. …”
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Design, synthesis, structural characterization, in vitro anticancer activity, and in silico studies of some new hydroxylated and fluorinated-substituted hydrazone derivatives by Reşit Çakmak, Eyüp Başaran, Ömer Erdoğan, Suraj N. Mali, Semiha Köprü, Haya Yasin, Shailesh S. Gurav, Giray Topal

“…In this study, novel hydroxylated and fluorinated-substituted hydrazone derivatives bearing an aromatic nitro moiety (2a-d and 3a-d) were designed as potential anticancer drug candidates, synthesized for the first time, and evaluated for their anticancer activity against chondrosarcoma (SW1353), a common primary malignant cartilage-forming tumor, neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y), a type of brain cancer, and healthy (L929) cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method for 24 h. …”
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Silk Protein Gene Engineering and Its Applications: Recent Advances in Biomedicine Driven by Molecular Biotechnology by Ji X, Li Y, Wang J, Wang G, Ma B, Shi J, Cui C, Wang R

“…By analyzing the genetic factors influencing silk protein expression, this review further elaborates on the innovative applications of silk proteins in drug delivery systems, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (eg, skin, bone, cartilage, and vascular repair), as well as antibacterial immune strategies. …”
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Immunomodulatory Functions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering by Haojiang Li, Shi Shen, Haitao Fu, Zhenyong Wang, Xu Li, Xiang Sui, Mei Yuan, Shuyun Liu, Guiqin Wang, Quanyi Guo

“…In the application of scaffold, stem cell technology has important applications in cartilage, bone, heart, and liver and other research fields. …”
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Skeletal progenitor LRP1 deficiency causes severe and persistent skeletal defects with Wnt pathway dysregulation by Mohammad Alhashmi, Abdulrahman M. E. Gremida, Santosh K. Maharana, Marco Antonaci, Amy Kerr, Shijian Fu, Sharna Lunn, David A. Turner, Noor A. Al-Maslamani, Ke Liu, Maria M. Meschis, Hazel Sutherland, Peter Wilson, Peter Clegg, Grant N. Wheeler, Robert J. van ‘t Hof, George Bou-Gharios, Kazuhiro Yamamoto

“…Lrp1 deficiency in these stem cells causes joint fusion, malformation of cartilage/bone template and markedly delayed or lack of primary ossification. …”
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