The impact of gut microbiome on neuro-autoimmune demyelinating diseases by Pouria Abolfazli, Cristina Nkene Apue Nchama, Brandon Lucke-Wold

“…Gut dysbiosis promotes the generation of proinflammatory Th17 cells, contributing to blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity. …”
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Neuroanatomical Alterations in Patients with Early Stage of Unilateral Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study by Yawen Liu, Han Lv, Pengfei Zhao, Zhaohui Liu, Wenjing Chen, Shusheng Gong, Zhenchang Wang, Jian-Ming Zhu

“…The aim of the present study was to explore the brain anatomical alterations in patients with right-sided unilateral pulsatile tinnitus (PT) in the early stage of PT symptom using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. …”
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Decreased Interleukin-4 Release from the Neurons of the Locus Coeruleus in Response to Immobilization Stress by Hyun-ju Lee, Hyun-Jung Park, Angela Starkweather, Kyungeh An, Insop Shim

“…Interleukin-4 (IL-4), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, is known to regulate inflammation caused by immune challenge but the effect of IMO on modulation of IL-4 expression in the brain has not been assessed yet. Here, it was demonstrated that IL-4 was produced by noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) of the brain and release of IL-4 was reduced in response to IMO. …”
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The corpus callosum in people with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) by Eileen Luders, Debra Spencer, Caitlin Dale, Ieuan A. Hughes, Ajay Thankamony, Umasuthan Srirangalingam, Helena Gleeson, Helen Simpson, Melissa Hines, Florian Kurth

“…All statistical analyses were conducted while co-varying for age and total brain volume and applying corrections for multiple comparisons. …”
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Maternal Sevoflurane Exposure Causes Abnormal Development of Fetal Prefrontal Cortex and Induces Cognitive Dysfunction in Offspring by Ruixue Song, Xiaomin Ling, Mengyuan Peng, Zhanggang Xue, Jing Cang, Fang Fang

“…Learning function of the offspring was evaluated with the Morris water maze test at postnatal day 30. Brain tissues of fetal mice were subjected to immunofluorescence staining to assess differentiation, proliferation, and cell cycle dynamics of the fetal PFC. …”
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Unveiling the functional connectivity of astrocytic networks with AstroNet, a graph reconstruction algorithm coupled to image processing by L. Zonca, F. C. Bellier, G. Milior, P. Aymard, J. Visser, A. Rancillac, N. Rouach, D. Holcman

“…Abstract Astrocytes form extensive networks with diverse calcium activity, yet the organization and connectivity of these networks across brain regions remain largely unknown. To address this, we developed AstroNet, a data-driven algorithm that uses two-photon calcium imaging to map temporal correlations in astrocyte activation. …”
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Autobiographical Memory Disturbances in Depression: A Novel Therapeutic Target? by Cristiano A. Köhler, André F. Carvalho, Gilberto S. Alves, Roger S. McIntyre, Thomas N. Hyphantis, Martín Cammarota

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Intra- and Extracranial MR Venography: Technical Notes, Clinical Application, and Imaging Development by M. Paoletti, G. Germani, R. De Icco, C. Asteggiano, P. Zamboni, S. Bastianello

“…Scientific debate over chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has drawn attention to venous system involvement in a series of pathologic brain conditions. In the last few decades, the MRI venography (MRV) field has developed a number of valuable sequences to better investigate structural anatomy, vessel patency, and flow characteristics of venous drainage in the intra- and extracranial systems. …”
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Wnt5a Increases the Glycolytic Rate and the Activity of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Cortical Neurons by Pedro Cisternas, Paulina Salazar, Carmen Silva-Álvarez, L. Felipe Barros, Nibaldo C. Inestrosa

“…Despite the key role of glucose metabolism in the brain, little is known about the cellular pathways involved in regulating this process. …”
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Role of PPARs in Progression of Anxiety: Literature Analysis and Signaling Pathways Reconstruction by Olga I. Rudko, Artemii V. Tretiakov, Elena A. Naumova, Eugene A. Klimov

“…High concentrations of PPARs are found in parts of the brain linked to anxiety development, including hippocampus and amygdala. …”
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Environmental Factors Promoting Neural Plasticity: Insights from Animal and Human Studies by Laura Mandolesi, Francesca Gelfo, Laura Serra, Simone Montuori, Arianna Polverino, Giuseppe Curcio, Giuseppe Sorrentino

“…We are made in a certain manner and what we do acts on our brain. In fact, our genetic basis can be modulated, modified, and changed by our experiences such as education and life events; daily, by sleep schedules and habits; or also by dietary elements. …”
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Enhancing proteasome activity by NMDAR antagonists explains their therapeutic effect in neurodegenerative and mental diseases by Fikret Sahin, Aslihan Gunel, Buse Turegun Atasoy, Ulku Guler, Bekir Salih, Isinsu Kuzu, Mehmet Taspinar, Ozgur Cinar, Selda Kahveci

“…Therefore, these findings hold promise for new treatment options not only for brain diseases but also for other systemic conditions associated with unfolded or misfolded proteins.…”
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Identification and biological characterization of the pathogen responsible for acute haemorrhagic disease in largemouth bass by Yibin Yang, Ping Deng, Hao He, Qiuhong Yang, Xiaohui Ai, Xia Zhu

“…To investigate the cause of mass mortality in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) at an aquaculture farm in Hubei due to acute hemorrhagic disease, a dominant bacterium named LY02 was isolated from the brain and major internal organs of diseased fishdise. …”
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Associations of Plasma BDNF and BDNF Gene Polymorphism with Cardiometabolic Parameters in Thai Children: A Pilot Study by Kanjana Suriyaprom, Banchamaphon Pheungruang, Somchai Pooudong, Pumpath Putpadungwipon, Chutima Sirikulchayanonta

“…Childhood obesity is an important public health crisis worldwide. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been demonstrated to play a role in controlling energy homeostasis and cardiovascular regulation. …”
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Metastatic Cerebellar Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor with Obstructive Hydrocephalus Arising from the Small Intestine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Kunitomo Sato, Toshihide Tanaka, Naoki Kato, Takuya Ishii, Toru Terao, Yuichi Murayama

“…Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is defined as a c-kit-positive gastrointestinal, mesenteric, or omental mesenchymal tumor that very rarely metastasizes to the brain. Metastasis to the cerebellum is particularly rare. …”
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Enhancing Plasticity of the Central Nervous System: Drugs, Stem Cell Therapy, and Neuro-Implants by Alice Le Friec, Anne-Sophie Salabert, Carole Davoust, Boris Demain, Christophe Vieu, Laurence Vaysse, Pierre Payoux, Isabelle Loubinoux

“…Biomaterials should ideally resemble lesioned brain structures in architecture and must be proven to increase functional reconnections within host tissue before clinical testing.…”
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Gender differences in the influencing factors of violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia by Xiaolei Qiu, Lu Wen, Wenqi Jiang, Rongrong Zhang, Hongjun Mao, Shiping Xie

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The TRPV1-PKM2-SREBP1 axis maintains microglial lipid homeostasis in Alzheimer’s disease by Xudong Sha, Jiayuan Lin, Kexin Wu, Jia Lu, Zhihua Yu

“…Lipid-droplet-accumulating microglia were identified in the aging mouse and human brain; however, little is known about the formation and role of lipid droplets in microglial neuroinflammation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). …”
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EEG as a neural measure of hypoxia-related impairment by Stephanie R. Otto, Stephanie R. Otto, Cammi K. Borden, Cammi K. Borden, Daniel G. McHail, Kara J. Blacker

“…Here we review studies that have explored how hypoxia affects prominent EEG brain rhythms as well as responses to specific events or stimuli in the time and frequency domains. …”
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Movement in the Shadow of Sadness: How Physical Activity Supports the Fight Against Depression by Agata Ossolińska, Patrycja Marta, Filip Huzarski, Gabriela Ferfecka, Klaudia Pawełek, Lucyna Stolarska, Magdalena Rosa-Bończak, Natalia Morawiecka, Olivier Carlton, Weronika Kłosowicz

“…Additionally, physical effort reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, supporting brain health and countering neurodegenerative processes. …”
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