Computer-assisted discovery of natural inhibitors for platelet-derived growth factor alpha as novel therapeutics for thyroid cancer by Hira Khalid, Farah Sattar, Iqra Ahmad, Valdir Ferreira de Paula Junior, Valdir Ferreira de Paula Junior, Umar Nishan, Umar Nishan, Riaz Ullah, Hanna Dib, Khaled W. Omari, Mohibullah Shah, Mohibullah Shah

“…Our top hits are non-mutagenic, can cross the blood-brain barrier, and inhibit p-glycoprotein, while the N-cis-feruloyltyramine has the potential to become a lead compound. …”
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Ac2-26 Alleviates Brain Injury after Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Rats via the eNOS Pathway by Jing Gong, Qi-Hang Tai, Guang-Xiao Xu, Xue-Ting Wang, Jing-Li Zhu, Xiao-Qing Zhao, Hai-Bin Sun, Dan Zhu, Wei Gao

“…At 72 hours after resuscitation, serum and brain tissues were collected. Results. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability increased, and the number of surviving neurons and neurological function decreased in the saline group compared to the sham group. …”
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The Role of Gut Microbiota in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Hanna Porwolik, Agnieszka Porwolik, Magdalena Bodera, Radosław Szydłowski, Agata Porwolik, Barbara Skrzypiec, Anna Hamerla, Anna Kaźmierska, Julia Gawron

“…Results: Gut microbiota dysbiosis was found to significantly contribute to the progression of AD and PD diseases by promoting neuroinflammation, disrupting the blood-brain barrier, and altering neurotransmitter levels. …”
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Dopamine‐conjugated extracellular vesicles induce autophagy in Parkinson's disease by Jae Hoon Sul, Sol Shin, Hark Kyun Kim, Jihoon Han, Junsik Kim, Soyoung Son, Jungmi Lee, Seung Hyun Baek, Yoonsuk Cho, Jeongmi Lee, Jinsu Park, Donghoon Ahn, Sunyoung Park, Leon F. Palomera, Jeein Lim, Jongho Kim, Chanhee Kim, Seungsu Han, Ka Young Chung, Sangho Lee, Tae‐in Kam, Yunjong Lee, Jeongyun Kim, Jae Hyung Park, Dong‐Gyu Jo

“…Abstract The application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as vehicles for anti‐Parkinson's agents represents a significant advance, yet their clinical translation is hampered by challenges in efficient brain delivery and complex blood‐brain barrier (BBB) targeting strategies. In this study, we engineered dopamine onto the surface of adipose‐derived stem cell EVs (Dopa‐EVs) utilizing a facile, two‐step cross‐linking approach. …”
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D,L‐3‐hydroxybutyrate in the treatment of glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) by Aya Amer, Kathryn Murrell, Liza Edmonds, Isaac Bernhardt, Rhonda Akroyd, Bryony Ryder, Callum Wilson, Emma Glamuzina

“…Oral D,L‐3‐hydroxybutyrate (D,L‐3‐HB) crosses the blood–brain barrier, making it a potential treatment for Glut1DS. …”
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Design, synthesis, structural characterization, in vitro anticancer activity, and in silico studies of some new hydroxylated and fluorinated-substituted hydrazone derivatives by Reşit Çakmak, Eyüp Başaran, Ömer Erdoğan, Suraj N. Mali, Semiha Köprü, Haya Yasin, Shailesh S. Gurav, Giray Topal

“…Compounds 2a, 3a, 3b, and 3c showed high gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, with all except 3a being non-permeable to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Most compounds, except 3d, are non-substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). …”
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Acute therapeutic effects and pathophysiology of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis neuropathy by Fumitaka Shimizu, Mariko Oishi, Toshihiko Maeda, Yukio Takeshita, Hideaki Nishihara, Ryota Sato, Takashi Kanda, Masayuki Nakamori, Michiaki Koga, Miwako Fujisawa, Yuki Mizumoto, Nanami Yamanaka, Takashi Nawata, Tatsuya Okafuji, Susumu Fujikawa, Kinya Matsuo, Joe Nemoto, Masaya Honda

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Early Electroacupuncture Extends the rtPA Time Window to 6 h in a Male Rat Model of Embolic Stroke via the ERK1/2-MMP9 Pathway by Xin-chang Zhang, Ya-hui Gu, Wen-tao Xu, Yang-yang Song, Ao Zhang, Zhi-hui Zhang, Si-yuan Jiang, Si-qi Chang, Guang-xia Ni

“…When administered at time points greater than 4.5 h after stroke onset, rtPA disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which leads to serious brain edema and hemorrhagic transformation. …”
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Structural tailoring of etoricoxib: A spectrochemical, medicinal and pharmacological study by Bakul Akter, Silvia Aishee, Abdullah Hridoy, Md. Mehedi Hasan Pulok, Mohammad Ariful Islam, Antu Biswas, Aurna Patwary, Majedul Hoque, MD. Sazidul Islam, Md. Nipatul Hasan Nirob, Faisal Islam Chowdhury, Monir Uzzaman

“…ADMET and PASS predictions confirmed the drug-like properties of most derivatives, particularly ETC19 and ETC9, which also showed improved absorption, better blood-brain barrier penetration, and reduced toxicity. These outcomes underscore the prospect of the de novo-designed etoricoxib analogues as safer and more effective alternatives, effectively addressing the pharmacological limitations and safety concerns associated with the parent drug.…”
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Early precursor-derived pituitary gland tissue-resident macrophages play a pivotal role in modulating hormonal balance by Henna Lehtonen, Heli Jokela, Julian Hofmann, Lauriina Tola, Arfa Mehmood, Florent Ginhoux, Burkhard Becher, Melanie Greter, Gennady G. Yegutkin, Marko Salmi, Heidi Gerke, Pia Rantakari

“…The physical location of the pituitary gland at the base of the brain, though outside the protective blood-brain barrier, leads to an unexplored special immune environment. …”
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β2 integrin regulates neutrophil trans endothelial migration following traumatic brain injury by Lei Li, Ruilong Peng, Cong Wang, Xin Chen, Dilmurat Gheyret, Siyu Guan, Bo Chen, Yafan Liu, Xilei Liu, Yiyao Cao, Cha Han, Jianhua Xiong, Fanjian Li, Taoyuan Lu, Haoran Jia, Kaiji Li, Jinchao Wang, Xu Zhang, Jianye Xu, Yajuan Wang, Xin Xu, Tuo Li, Jianning Zhang, Shu Zhang

“…The treatment has demonstrated significant improvements in neurologic function in TBI mice, attenuating blood–brain barrier permeability, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammatory mediator release, and enhancing cerebral perfusion. …”
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The phytohormone abscisic acid enhances remyelination in mouse models of multiple sclerosis by Femke Van Gaever, Femke Van Gaever, Fleur Mingneau, Fleur Mingneau, Sam Vanherle, Sam Vanherle, Yasmine Driege, Yasmine Driege, Mira Haegman, Mira Haegman, Elien Van Wonterghem, Elien Van Wonterghem, Junhua Xie, Junhua Xie, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Jerome J. A. Hendriks, Jerome J. A. Hendriks, Rudi Beyaert, Rudi Beyaert, Jens Staal, Jens Staal, Jens Staal

“…ABA, which is abundant in fruits such as figs, apricots and bilberries, is known to cross the blood-brain barrier and has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in conditions like depression and Alzheimer's disease.MethodsIn this study, we investigated whether ABA supplementation enhances remyelination in both ex vivo and in vivo mouse models.ResultsOur results indicated that ABA enhanced remyelination and that this enhanced remyelination is associated with increased lipid droplet load, reduced levels of degraded myelin, and a higher abundance of F4/80+ cells in the demyelinated brain of mice treated with ABA. …”
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Pineal cyst in bipolar patient with normolithiaemia and positive fibromyalgic tender points by Salvatore Marrone, MD, Antonio Alessandro Biancardino, MD, Evier Andrea Giovannini, MD, Federica Paolini, MD, Benedetta Maria Campisi, MD, Jaime Mandelli, MD, Domenico Santangelo, MD, Salvatore Fanara, MD, Giuseppe Vaccaro, MD, Michele Vecchio, MD, Domenico Gerardo Iacopino, MD, PhD, Luigi Basile, MD

“…In addition, the incomplete blood-brain barrier of the pineal gland raises the possibility that chronic lithium therapy, commonly used for psychiatric disorders and also known for its hyperplastic effects, could facilitate cysts formation through lithium accumulation and epithelial stimulation.We report the case of a 49-year-old woman with bipolar disorder on long-term lithium treatment who presented with a pineal cyst and clinical symptoms consistent with fibromyalgia. …”
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Biodistribution of intravenously delivered PEGylated carbon nanotubes to the rat brain cortex by Gisele Eva Bruch, Gisele Eva Bruch, Lidiane Dal Bosco, Lidiane Dal Bosco, Arthur P. Cordeiro, Marcos F. Cordeiro, Sangram K. Sahoo, Carolina Peixoto, Marta C. Klosterhoff, Luis Alberto Romano, Cristiano Fantini, Adelina P. Santos, Daniela M. Barros

“…Due to their reduced size and high stability in physiological media, SWCNT-PEG are candidates for crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB), with potential use in treating central nervous system diseases that are currently unresponsive to pharmacological interventions because of the tightly regulated permeability of the BBB. …”
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Protein kinase inhibitors as targeted therapy for glioblastoma: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials by José Pinto-Fraga, Celia García-Chico, Simone Lista, Pedro Miguel Lacal, Giuseppe Carpenzano, Maurizio Salvati, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Grazia Graziani, Claudia Ceci

“…., regorafenib) and encourage further research to identify PKIs with better blood-brain barrier penetration and lower risk for resistance development.…”
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The interaction of tPA with NMDAR1 drives neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in α-synuclein-mediated neurotoxicity by Daniel Torrente, Enming J. Su, Alí Francisco Citalán-Madrid, Gerald P. Schielke, Daniel Magaoay, Mark Warnock, Tamara Stevenson, Kris Mann, Flavie Lesept, Nathalie Delétage, Manuel Blanc, Erin H. Norris, Denis Vivien, Daniel A. Lawrence

“…Abstract The thrombolytic protease tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is expressed in the CNS, where it regulates diverse functions including neuronal plasticity, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain-barrier integrity. However, its role in different brain regions such as the substantia nigra (SN) is largely unexplored. …”
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Neurological sequelae of long COVID: a comprehensive review of diagnostic imaging, underlying mechanisms, and potential therapeutics by Grant McGee Talkington, Grant McGee Talkington, Paresh Kolluru, Timothy E. Gressett, Timothy E. Gressett, Saifudeen Ismael, Umar Meenakshi, Mariana Acquarone, Rebecca J. Solch-Ottaiano, Amanda White, Blake Ouvrier, Blake Ouvrier, Kristina Paré, Nicholas Parker, Amanda Watters, Nabeela Siddeeque, Brooke Sullivan, Nilesh Ganguli, Victor Calero-Hernandez, Gregory Hall, Michele Longo, Gregory J. Bix, Gregory J. Bix, Gregory J. Bix, Gregory J. Bix

“…In this review, we explore the mechanistic hypotheses of these neurological changes, which describe CNS invasion, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, and gut-brain axis dysregulation, along with the novel vascular disruption hypothesis that highlights endothelial dysfunction and hypoperfusion as a core underlying mechanism. …”
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Chlorogenic acid alleviates cadmium-induced neuronal injury in chicken cerebral cortex by inhibiting incomplete autophagy mediated by AMPK-ULK1 pathway by Li Wang, Chaofan Zhang, Muhammad Azhar Memon, Qianting Shi, Le Lu, Xishuai Tong, Yonggang Ma, Hui Zou, Jianhong Gu, Xuezhong Liu, Jianchun Bian, Zongping Liu, Yan Yuan

“…In addition, CGA can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and exert neuroprotective effects. This study explored the mechanism of CGA in alleviating Cd-induced cerebral cortical neuron injury in chickens. …”
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Aluminum-Induced Alterations in Purinergic System Parameters of BV-2 Brain Microglial Cells by Charles Elias Assmann, Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro, Grazielle Castagna Cezimbra Weis, Karine Paula Reichert, Audrei de Oliveira Alves, Vanessa Valéria Miron, Margarete Dulce Bagatini, Taís Vidal Palma, Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade, Micheli Mainardi Pillat, Fabiano Barbosa Carvalho, Cristina Ruedell Reschke, Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz, Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger, Vera Maria Melchiors Morsch

“…The trivalent free Al anion (Al3+) can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), accumulate in the brain, and elicit harmful effects to the central nervous system (CNS) cells. …”
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Bifidobacterium fermentation with infant formulas is associated with benefits for gut and brain barrier function by Emily G. Knox, Paula Sánchez-Díaz, Colin Buttimer, Sarah-Jane Leigh, Klara Vlckova, Colin Hill, Elaine Kennedy, Jonathan O’Regan, Seamus McSweeney, David Goulding, Maria Rodriguez Aburto, Caitriona M. O’Driscoll, John F. Cryan, Eoin Gunnigle, Gerard Clarke

“…The gut and blood-brain barrier are essential components of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and are influenced by diet, particularly in infancy. …”
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