Observational study protocol: the faecal microbiome in the acute stage of new-onset paediatric type 1 diabetes in an Irish cohort by Eugene Dempsey, Catherine Stanton, Paul Ross, Colin Patrick Hawkes, Aonghus Lavelle, Carol-Anne O’Shea, Elaine Catherine Kennedy, Fiona Catherine Ross

“…We will develop a microbial culture biobank based on culturomic studies of stool samples from the healthy controls that will support future investigation. …”
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Water quality and neurodegenerative disease risk in the middle-aged and elderly population by Yujia Bao, Yongxuan Li, Yanqiu Zhou, Jingqi Zhou, Wei Mu, Xiaobei Deng, Chen Shen, Lefei Han, Jinjun Ran

“…We assembled a cohort of 397,265 participants from the UK Biobank to investigate the associations of water hardness with neurodegenerative diseases and brain imaging phenotypes through modeling. …”
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Peripheral oxygen saturation levels as a guide to avoid hyperoxia: an observational study by Renate Stolmeijer, Jan C. ter Maaten, Jack Ligtenberg, Ewoud ter Avest

“…Methods In a retrospective observational cohort study of patients included in the Acutelines data- and biobank of the University Medical Center Groningen between September 2020 and March 2023, we collected blood gas samples and triage data of sequentially included patients who received oxygen at the moment they were presented in the emergency department (ED). …”
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A Mendelian randomization study: physical activities and chronic kidney disease by Rui Xiao, Li Dong, Bo Xie, Beizhong Liu

“…Genome-wide association studies from the UK Biobank baseline data were used for physical activity phenotypes and included 460,376 participants. …”
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Association of Visceral Adipose Tissue With Hypertension: Results From the NHANES 2011–2018 and Mendelian Randomization Analyses by Jia Liao, Miaohan Qiu, Jing Li, Yi Li, Yaling Han

“…Independent genetic variants related to VAT mass were derived from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) in 325 153 UK Biobank participants. The primary analysis employed the random‐effects inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method, with MR‐Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode as sensitivity analyses. …”
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<i>In silico</i> mapping of coronary artery disease genes by I. V. Zorkoltseva, N. M. Belonogova, G. R. Svishcheva, A. V. Kirichenko, T. I. Axenovich

“…The analysis was based on the results of the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) available from the open databases MICAD (120,575 people, 85,112 markers) and UK Biobank (337,199 people, 10,894,597 markers). We used the sumFREGAT package implementing a wide range of new methods for gene-based association analysis using summary statistics. …”
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A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis between telomere length and hyperthyroidism by Shiben Zhu, Ziyu Hao, Qihang Chen, Xiaoliu Liu, Wenyan Wu, Fang Zhang

“…However, the casual association between telomere length (TL) and hyperthyroidism remains unclear.ObjectiveWe aim to explore the casual relationship between TL and hyperthyroidism.MethodsA two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by additional approaches such as Weighted Median (WM), and MR Egger.ResultsThe summary statistics for TL were derived from the UK Biobank, comprising 472,174 individuals, while the data for hyperthyroidism were sourced from the GWAS Catalog and the FinnGen database, encompassing cohorts of 460,499 and 173,938 individuals, respectively. …”
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DNA Barcoding of Fish, Insects, and Shellfish in Korea by Dae-Won Kim, Won Gi Yoo, Hyun Chul Park, Hye Sook Yoo, Dong Won Kang, Seon Deok Jin, Hong Ki Min, Woon Kee Paek, Jeongheui Lim

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Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis to Study the Relationship Between Human Skin Microbiota and Radiation-Induced Skin Toxicity by Hui Chen, Xiaojie Xia, Kexin Shi, Tianyi Xie, Xinchen Sun, Zhipeng Xu, Xiaolin Ge

“…Summary datasets of human skin microbiota were extracted from the GWAS catalog database, and summary datasets of radiation-induced skin toxicity from the FinnGen biobank. Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was leveraged to sort out the causal link between skin microbiota and radiation-induced skin toxicity. …”
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Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients with STEMI: from a prospective cohort study combing bidirectional Mendelian randomizatio... by Xiaoxiao Zhao, Jiannan Li, Shaodi Yan, Yu Tan, Runzhen Chen, Nan Li, Jinying Zhou, Chen Liu, Peng Zhou, Yi Chen, Hongbing Yan, Hanjun Zhao, Li Song

“…Mendelian randomization studies suggest that the development of T2DM may increase the propensity for CHIP, as indicated by findings from the UK Biobank and FinnGen consortium. T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; CHIP, clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential.…”
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Causal Effects of Air Pollution, Noise, and Shift Work on Unstable Angina and Myocardial Infarction: A Mendelian Randomization Study by Qiye Ma, Lin Chen, Hao Xu, Yiru Weng

“…Summary statistics were derived from large genome-wide association studies (GWASs) from the UK Biobank and the FinnGen consortium (Helsinki, Finland), with replication using an independent GWAS data source for myocardial infarction. …”
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A multi-trait approach identified 7 novel genes for back pain by Nadezhda M. Belonogova, Elizaveta E. Elgaeva, Irina V. Zorkoltseva, Anatoliy V. Kirichenko, Gulnara R. Svishcheva, Maxim B. Freidin, Frances M. K. Williams, Pradeep Suri, Tatiana I. Axenovich, Yakov A. Tsepilov

“…Using phenotypes and imputed genotypes from the UK Biobank 500k dataset, we generated a multi-trait phenotype by combining 3 BP-related phenotypes: chronic BP, dorsalgia, and intervertebral disk disorders. …”
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Genetic insight into dissecting the immunophenotypes and inflammatory profiles in the pathogenesis of Sjogren syndrome by Jingyi Xu, Shucheng Si, Yijun Han, Lin Zeng, Jinxia Zhao

“…We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization and mediation study based on randomly allocated instrumental variables to infer causality, followed by external validation with UK Biobank data and Bayesian colocalization. Results We demonstrated that an elevated level of CD27 on IgD + CD24 + B cell, a subset of B cells expressing both IgD and CD24, was associated with a higher risk of SS (OR = 1.119, 95% CI: 1.061–1.179, P < 0.001), while CD3 on CD45RA + CD4 + Treg was a protective factor (OR = 0.917, 95%CI: 0.877–0.959, P < 0.001). …”
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Closing the gap in dementia research by community-based cohort studies in the Chinese populationResearch in context by Xiaowen Zhou, Zhenxu Xiao, Wanqing Wu, Yuntao Chen, Changzheng Yuan, Yue Leng, Yao Yao, Qianhua Zhao, Albert Hofman, Eric Brunner, Ding Ding

“…We identified critical research gaps and propose future directions, including enhancing sample representativeness, investigating China-specific risk factors, expanding exposure measurements to the whole life-span, collecting objective data, conducting administer-friendly domain-specific cognitive assessments, adopting pathological diagnostic criteria, standardizing biobank construction, verifying multi-modal biomarkers, examining social and genetic-environmental aspects, and monitoring post-COVID cognitive health, to approach high quality of dementia studies that can provide solid evidence to policy making and promote global brain health research.…”
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Genetic and Plasma Proteomic Approaches to Identify Therapeutic Targets for Graves&rsquo; Disease and Graves&rsquo; Ophthalmopathy by Ke C, Yu Y, Li J, Yu Y, Sun Y, Wang Y, Wang B, Lu Y, Tang M, Wang N, Chen Y

“…We aimed to identify the causal proteins and potential targets for Graves’ disease (GD) and Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) via systematic genetic analyses.Methods: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on the UK Biobank- Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP) collected 2923 Olink proteins from 54,219 participants. …”
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Multi-omic spatial effects on high-resolution AI-derived retinal thickness by V. E. Jackson, Y. Wu, R. Bonelli, J. P. Owen, L. W. Scott, S. Farashi, Y. Kihara, M. L. Gantner, C. Egan, K. M. Williams, B. R. E. Ansell, A. Tufail, A. Y. Lee, M. Bahlo

“…Retinal thickness measurements are procured from optical coherence tomography (OCT) as part of routine clinical eyecare. We processed the UK Biobank OCT images using a convolutional neural network to produce fine-scale retinal thickness measurements across > 29,000 points in the macula, the part of the retina responsible for human central vision. …”
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Miniaturization and characterization of patient derived hepatocellular carcinoma tumor organoid cultures for cancer drug discovery applications by David A. Close, Paul A. Johnston

“…The ability to efficiently generate, expand, and biobank PDTOs has the potential to make the clinical diversity of cancer accessible for personalized medicine assay guided therapeutic drug selection and drug discovery. …”
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Proteome‐Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Therapeutic Targets for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Ka Zhang, Yuan Liu, Aiqin Mao, Changzhu Li, Li Geng, Hao Kan

“…Methods and Results Our study used plasma proteomics data from the UK Biobank, comprising 2923 proteins from 54 219 individuals, and from deCODE Genetics, which measured 4907 proteins across 35 559 individuals. …”
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Causal associations between iron levels in subcortical brain regions and psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study by Wei Du, Biqiu Tang, Senhao Liu, Wenjing Zhang, Su Lui

“…The genetic instrumental variables linked to iron levels and psychiatric disorders were derived from the genome-wide association studies data of the UK Biobank Brain Imaging and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. …”
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Explainable Self-Supervised Dynamic Neuroimaging Using Time Reversal by Zafar Iqbal, Md. Mahfuzur Rahman, Usman Mahmood, Qasim Zia, Zening Fu, Vince D. Calhoun, Sergey Plis

“…Methods: We pretrained an LSTM-based model with attention using the TR approach, focusing on learning the direction of time in fMRI data, achieving over 98 % accuracy on HCP and UK Biobank datasets. For downstream schizophrenia classification, TR-pretrained weights were transferred to models evaluated on FBIRN, COBRE, and B-SNIP datasets. …”
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