Survey of nutritional intake status in college baseball players by Yoko Iio, Hana Kozai, Mamoru Tanaka, Yukihiro Mori, Manato Seguchi, Yuka Aoyama, Morihiro Ito

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Descriptive Strength and Range of Motion in Youth Baseball Players by Ross M Nakaji, Todd S Ellenbecker, Kevin M McClenahan, Lianna M Roberts, Chase Perez, Scott B Dickenson

“…# Background There are limited studies reporting descriptive strength and range of motion in youth baseball players 12 years of age or younger. # Purpose To establish normative data for external (ER) and internal (IR) rotation range of motion (ROM), total arc range of motion (TROM), and isometric rotator cuff strength in youth baseball players, and to compare between the dominant throwing arm (D) to the non-dominant arm (ND)…”
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Cartilage Degeneration at Symptomatic Persistent Olecranon Physis in Adolescent Baseball Players by Tetsuya Enishi, Tetsuya Matsuura, Naoto Suzue, Yoshinori Takahashi, Koichi Sairyo

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Comparison of Glenohumeral Range of Motion Deficits in Youth, Collegiate, and Professional Baseball Players by C. Luke Wilcox, Hillary A. Plummer, Roger V. Ostrander III

“… # Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare shoulder range of motion in baseball players across levels of competition and compare the prevalence of glenohumeral internal rotaton deficit (GIRD) and total arc of motion differences (TAMD) between competition levels in pitchers and position players…”
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Lesser Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture in an 11-Year-Old Baseball Player due to Batting by Ryan Cheng, Jay Moran, Samantha Smith, Don Li, Christopher A. Schneble, Shin Mei Chan, Elizabeth C. Gardner

“…Conclusion. In pediatric baseball players, lesser tuberosity avulsion fractures may occur upon striking a baseball with a bat. …”
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Normalized Isometric Shoulder Strength as a Predictor of Ball Velocity in Youth Baseball Players by Amanda J Arnold, Charles A Thigpen, Paul F Beattie, Stacy L Fritz, Michael J Kissenberth, John M Tokish, Ellen Shanley

“…# BACKGROUND Despite increased awareness of factors related to athletic performance and injury prevention, youth and adolescent baseball players continue to report injuries at alarming rates. …”
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Identifying Risk Factors of Upper Extremity Injuries in Collegiate Baseball Players: A Pilot Study by Robert Slowik, Christopher Morris, Matthew Hoch, Timothy Uhl

“… # Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate pre-season physical measurements in collegiate baseball players and track in-season baseball throwing volume to determine which factors may predict throwing overuse injuries…”
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Rotator Interval Lesion and Damaged Subscapularis Tendon Repair in a High School Baseball Player by Tomoyuki Muto, Hiroki Ninomiya, Hiroaki Inui, Masahiko Komai, Katsuya Nobuhara

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Dominant Arm Internal and External Rotation Strength is Related to Arm Pain in Youth Baseball Players by Jeffrey Paskewitz, Fred Breidenbach, Philip Malloy, P Michael Eckrich, Ryan Zarzycki

“…# Background and Purpose The prevalence of arm pain in youth baseball players is high with approximately half reporting arm pain during the season, and the number of ulnar collateral ligament reconstructions in youth baseball players is increasing. …”
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Professional Baseball Player Type and Geographic Region of Origin Impacts Shoulder External and Internal Rotation Strength by Lori A. Michener, Adam J. Barrack, Bernard Y. Liebeskind, Ryan J. Zerega, Jonathan C. Sum, Ryan L. Crotin, Hillary A. Plummer

“…# Background Shoulder strength deficits are implicated in arm injuries and performance deficits in baseball players. # Purpose To characterize shoulder external (ER) and internal (IR) rotation strength in professional baseball players, and compare strength across player type (pitchers, position players) and geographic origin (North America, Latin America)…”
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Comparison of the Effects of Static-Stretching and Tubing Exercises on Acute Shoulder Range of Motion in Collegiate Baseball Players by Andrew M Busch, Jackson Browstein, Richard Ulm

“…# Background The overhead throwing motion repetitively stresses the dominant arm in baseball players, frequently altering normal range of motion (ROM) in multiple directions. …”
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Effectiveness of a Shoulder Exercise Program in Division I Collegiate Baseball Players During the Fall Season by Hillary A. Plummer, Shannon M. Plosser, Paul R. Diaz, Nicholas J. Lobb, Lori A. Michener

“…# Background Deficits in shoulder range of motion (ROM) and strength are associated with risk of arm injury in baseball players. # Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a standardized exercise program, during the fall season, on shoulder ROM and rotational strength in collegiate baseball players…”
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The Management of Valgus Extension Overload Syndrome Experienced with Hitting in a High School Baseball Player: A Case Report by Andrew B Piraino, Brent M Davis

“… # Purpose To discuss the unique presentation, management, and outcomes of an adolescent baseball player with a chronic history of VEOS experienced during hitting…”
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Relationship Between Lumbar Locked Rotation, Trunk Rotation During Pitching, and Pitch Velocity in High School Baseball Players by Shun Okamura, Kai Iida

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Hip Abduction Strength: Relationship to Trunk and Lower Extremity Motion During A Single-Leg Step-Down Task in Professional Baseball Players by M. Christopher Zipser, Hillary A Plummer, Nathan Kindstrand, Johnathan C Sum, Bernard Li, Lori A Michener

“… # Study Design Cross sectional, cohort study # Methods One hundred-eighteen Minor League baseball players (age=21.6 ± 2.0 years; n=68 pitchers, n=50 position players) participated. …”
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The Reliability and Validity of a Novel Clinical Test for Assessing Shoulder Rotation ROM in Collegiate Baseball Players: Functional Assessment of System Tension of the Shoulder (FAST-SHDR) by Steven Dischiavi, Jesse Perry, Connor Burk, Jeremy Chiang, Chris Bleakley

“… # Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the intra-rater reliability of the FAST-SHDR test in young, healthy, male Division 1 baseball players. # Study Design Reliability and validity analysis # Methods A study with 49 healthy participants (31 collegiate baseball players, 18 controls) examined a sport specific shoulder rotation PROM test (FAST-SHDR) and compared this to the standard supine 90/90 shoulder in a single session assessment. …”
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Lumbar Spondylolysis in Juveniles from the Same Family: A Report of Three Cases and a Review of the Literature by Atsuhisa Yamada, Koichi Sairyo, Isao Shibuya, Ko Kato, Akira Dezawa, Toshinori Sakai

“…The second boy, a 10-year-old baseball player, had terminal stage right side unilateral spondylolysis. …”
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Comparative Pitching Biomechanics Among Adolescent Baseball Athletes: Are There Fundamental Differences Between Pitchers and Non-pitchers? by Garrett Bullock, Tessa C Hulburt, Gary Collins, Brian R Waterman, Kristen F Nicholson

“…# Background Approximately 25% of youth baseball players pitch, with most young athletes predominately playing multiple positions. …”
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Movement System Dysfunction Applied to Youth and Young Adult Throwing Athletes by Ashley E. Disantis, RobRoy Martin

“…With the vast number of youth and young adult baseball players in the United States and the increasing number of throwing related injuries, it is crucial that clinicians can perform a movement system evaluation of the throwing motion. …”
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Effects of Repetitive Pitching on Trunk Muscle Endurance and Thoracic and Shoulder Kinematics by Takuya Aso, Yoshinori Kagaya

“…# Background Baseball players are aware of the potential of shoulder problems due to repetitive throwing. …”
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