Sciatic nerve analysis in thyroid hormone transporters Mct8 and Oatp1c1 knockout mice by Steffen Mayerl, Andrea Alcaide Martin, Reinhard Bauer, Heike Heuer

“…Results: We detected MCT8 protein expression in sciatic nerve axons, whereas OATP1C1 expression was observed in a subset of endothelial cells early in postnatal development. …”
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The Development of Methods of BLOTCHIP^®-MS for Peptidome: Small Samples in Tuberous Sclerosis by Kunio Yui, George Imataka, Kotaro Yuge, Hitomi Sasaki, Tadashi Shiohama, Kyoichi Asada, Hidehisa Tachiki

“…Mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 in axons induce tuberous sclerosis complex. Neurological manifestations mainly include epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). …”
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Derivation and Identification of Motor Neurons from Human Urine-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Huan Yi, Bingbing Xie, Ben Liu, Xuan Wang, Li Xu, Jia Liu, Min Li, Xiufeng Zhong, Fuhua Peng

“…Furthermore, in coculture with muscle cells, MNs projected long axons and formed neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). …”
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Neurofilament Light Chain Assessment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Distal Symmetrical Polyneuropathy by Israa Abdelmalik Salem, Sura Ahmed Abdulsattar, Haider Fadhil Alrubaye

“… Background: A neuron-specific cytoskeletal protein called Neurofilament light chain is present in the cytoplasm of myelinated axons especially those with a large diameter which is essential for maintaining the size as well as for structural support.   …”
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Short Pulse Epiretinal Stimulation Allows Focal Activation of Retinal Ganglion Cells by Laurin X. Koppenwallner, Gunther Zeck, Paul Werginz

“…Axonal thresholds were significantly higher for all pulse durations, with the ratio between axonal and somatic thresholds strongly increasing with decreasing pulse duration (1.32 and 4.39 for pulse durations of 500 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>s, respectively). …”
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Nociceptive and Neuronal Evaluation of the Sciatic Nerve of Wistar Rats Subjected to Compression Injury and Treated with Resistive Exercise by Juliana Sobral Antunes, Keli Lovison, Jhenifer Karvat, Ana Luiza Peretti, Lizyana Vieira, Guilherme Hideaki Higuchi, Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão, Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro, Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini

“…To investigate the climb stairs resistance exercise on nociception and axonal regeneration in the sciatic nerve of rats. …”
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Finite Element Modelling for Biophysical Models of Nervous System Stimulation: Best Practices for Multiscale Adaptive Meshing by Rodrigo L., Siobhan Mackenzie Hall, Francisco Saavedra R., Pablo Aqueveque N., James J. FitzGerald, Brian Andrews

“…We advocate coupling the extracellular field to H-H-based axons to further limit potential error sources.…”
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Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Ocular Hypertension-Induced Retinal Neuroinflammation via Toll-Like Receptor 4 Pathway by Shangli Ji, Jie Xiao, Jian Liu, Shibo Tang

“…Glaucoma is characterized by progressive, irreversible damage to the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. Our previous study has shown that the intravitreal transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) reveals a neuroprotective role in microsphere injection-induced ocular hypertension (OHT) rat models. …”
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Inflammatory microglia correlate with impaired oligodendrocyte maturation in multiple sclerosis by J. Q. Alida Chen, Dennis D. Wever, Niamh B. McNamara, Morjana Bourik, Joost Smolders, Jörg Hamann, Jörg Hamann, Inge Huitinga, Inge Huitinga

“…IntroductionRemyelination of demyelinated axons can occur as an endogenous repair mechanism in multiple sclerosis (MS), but its efficacy varies between both MS individuals and lesions. …”
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A bibliometric analysis of optic atrophy from 2003 to 2023: research trends and hot spots by Liyuan Wang, Liyuan Wang, Liyuan Wang, Tianyang Yu, Tianyang Yu, Runze Wang, Lijuan Fu, Lijuan Fu, Feixue Dong, Feixue Dong, Shuang Zhao, Shuang Zhao, He Sun, He Sun, Yang Gao

“…BackgroundOptic atrophy (OA) is primarily caused by damage to the retinal pathway system, including widespread degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and axons, leading to visual impairment and blindness. …”
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Role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy by E.A. Egorov, V.E. Korelina, D.V. Cherednichenko, I.R. Gazizova

“…Additionally, these cells secrete fibrillar proteins that regenerate the extracellular matrix but form a glial scar, thereby inhibiting axonal transport and limiting t he regeneration of damaged axons. …”
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In vivo scanning laser fundus and high-resolution OCT imaging of retinal ganglion cell injury in a non-human primate model with an activatable fluorescent-labeled TAT peptide probe... by Xudong Qiu, Seth T Gammon, Carol Rasmussen, Federica Pisaneschi, Charlene B Y Kim, James Ver Hoeve, Steven W Millward, Edward M Barnett, T Michael Nork, Paul L Kaufman, David Piwnica-Worms

“…Compared to rodents, unexpectedly rapid axonal transport in the NHPs reduced the capacity to visualize RGC cell bodies and axons through the backdrop of an intravitreal haze. …”
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The Morphofunctional Effect of the Transplantation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Predegenerated Peripheral Nerve in Chronic Paraplegic Rat Model via Spinal Cord Transection by Vinnitsa Buzoianu-Anguiano, Sandra Orozco-Suárez, Elisa García-Vences, Sara Caballero-Chacón, Gabriel Guizar-Sahagún, Luis Chavez-Sanchez, Israel Grijalva

“…Functional recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) is limited by poor axonal and cellular regeneration as well as the failure to replace damaged myelin. …”
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Morphometric and Growth Pattern Analysis of Corpus Callosum in Paediatric Population on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Retrospective Observational Study by Sweta Swaika, Harshit Koshta, Apurva Shukla

“…Introduction: There is development and myelination of axons within the Corpus Callosum (CC) in children and early adulthood, causing modifications in its various dimensions. …”
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Engineering spatially-confined conduits to tune nerve self-organization and allodynic responses via YAP-mediated mechanotransduction by Xiaobin Luo, Jia Yang, Yonggang Zhao, Toshitatsu Nagayasu, Junlin Chen, Peilun Hu, Zhi He, Zifan Li, Jun Wu, Zhe Zhao, Guman Duan, Xiaodan Sun, Lingyun Zhao, Yongwei Pan, Xiumei Wang

“…Meanwhile, the decelerating axons exhibit excellent alignment and remyelination, thereby helping to prevent failure modes in nerve self-organization, such as axonal twisting in congested regions and overgrowth beyond the conduit’s capacity. …”
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The Impact of Optical Undersampling on the Ca2+ Signal Resolution in Ca2+ Imaging of Spontaneous Neuronal Activity by Katarina D. Milicevic, Violetta O. Ivanova, Tina N. Brazil, Cesar A. Varillas, Yan M.D. Zhu, Pavle R. Andjus, Srdjan D. Antic

“…Small-amplitude Ca2+ transients, undetectable at 14 Hz, became evident at 500 Hz, particularly in the neuropil (putative dendrites and axons), but not in nearby cell bodies. Large Ca2+ transients exhibited greater amplitudes and faster temporal dynamics in dendrites compared with somas, potentially due to the higher surface-to-volume ratio of dendrites. …”
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Oligodendrocyte precursor cell-derived exosomes combined with cell therapy promote clinical recovery by immunomodulation and gliosis attenuation by Sarah Ingrid Pinto Santos, Santiago José Ortiz-Peñuela, Alessandro de Paula Filho, Ana Laura Midori Rossi Tomiyama, Lilian de Oliveira Coser, Juliano Coelho da Silveira, Daniele dos Santos Martins, Adriano Polican Ciena, Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio

“…In this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs) can contribute to intercellular communication, stimulating the production of proteins and lipids associated with remyelination and providing trophic support to axons. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the combination of NSCs and EVs derived from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. …”
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Protection of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis by Kanglan Li, Shouchao Wei, Li Hu, Xiaojian Yin, Yingren Mai, Chunmei Jiang, Xiaoping Peng, Xingxing Cao, Zhongkai Huang, Haihong Zhou, Guoda Ma, Zhou Liu, Huiliang Li, Bin Zhao

“…We also found that FMT led to reduced activation of microglia and astrocytes and conferred protection on the blood-brain barrier (BBB), myelin, and axons in EAE. Taken together, our data suggest that FMT, as a GM-based therapy, has the potential to be an effective treatment for MS.…”
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Immunology and Oxidative Stress in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and Basic Approach by Genaro G. Ortiz, Fermín P. Pacheco-Moisés, Oscar K. Bitzer-Quintero, Ana C. Ramírez-Anguiano, Luis J. Flores-Alvarado, Viridiana Ramírez-Ramírez, Miguel A. Macias-Islas, Erandis D. Torres-Sánchez

“…Lymphocytes activated in the periphery infiltrate the central nervous system to trigger a local immune response that ultimately damages myelin and axons. Pro-inflammatory cytokines amplify the inflammatory cascade by compromising the BBB, recruiting immune cells from the periphery, and activating resident microglia. inflammation-associated oxidative burst in activated microglia and macrophages plays an important role in the demyelination and free radical-mediated tissue injury in the pathogenesis of MS. …”
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Sex-based differences in the long-term fate of hippocampal neurons born after a traumatic brain injury by Hannah C. Downing, Hannah C. Downing, Ashley B. Glover, Jessica E. Gebhardt, Jessica E. Gebhardt, Katherine L. Thompson, Kathryn E. Saatman, Kathryn E. Saatman, Kathryn E. Saatman

“…Neurons born after injury extended axons which formed synaptic terminals within the CA3 region. …”
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