Discriminating neural ensemble patterns through dendritic computations in randomly connected feedforward networks by Bhanu Priya Somashekar, Upinder Singh Bhalla

“…In the presence of larger ensembles, spatiotemporally ordered convergence of three to five axons from temporally ordered ensembles is also likely. …”
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The Drosophila homologue of the amyloid precursor protein is a conserved modulator of Wnt PCP signaling. by Alessia Soldano, Zeynep Okray, Pavlina Janovska, Kateřina Tmejová, Elodie Reynaud, Annelies Claeys, Jiekun Yan, Zeynep Kalender Atak, Bart De Strooper, Jean-Maurice Dura, Vítězslav Bryja, Bassem A Hassan

“…Wnt Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) signaling is a universal regulator of polarity in epithelial cells, but it regulates axon outgrowth in neurons, suggesting the existence of axonal modulators of Wnt-PCP activity. …”
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Augmentation of the Ulnar Motor Nerve Repair with Anterior Interosseous Nerve in High Ulnar Nerve Palsy: Our Clinical Experience by Gopika Jith, Kaushik Mahadik, Santanu Suba, Sanjay Kumar Giri

“…Recently, there have been discussions regarding whether AIN, which contains only 500 axons, can augment the ulnar motor branch, which contains approximately 1,500 axons. …”
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Fast updating feedback from piriform cortex to the olfactory bulb relays multimodal identity and reward contingency signals during rule-reversal by Diego E. Hernandez, Andrei Ciuparu, Pedro Garcia da Silva, Cristina M. Velasquez, Benjamin Rebouillat, Michael D. Gross, Martin B. Davis, Honggoo Chae, Raul C. Muresan, Dinu F. Albeanu

“…Our results indicate that the piriform-to-olfactory bulb feedback axons carry stimulus identity and reward contingency signals which are rapidly re-formatted according to changes in the behavioral context.…”
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Oxytocin: co-evolution of human and domesticated animals by Yu. E. Herbeck, R. G. Gulevich, D. V. Shepeleva, V. V. Grinevich

“…However, as was recently demonstrated in mammals, collaterals of OT axons concomitantly project to various forebrain regions to modulate the activity of local networks. …”
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The potential therapeutic effects of coenzyme Q10 on the sciatic nerve regeneration following short- and long-term injury by Ahmed Omer Mead, Berrin Zuhal Altunkaynak, Süleyman Kaplan

“…Results: The number of myelinated axons was higher in the LTI group according to the Cont and the sham groups. …”
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Quasi-discreted dynamics of a neural net: The lighthouse model by Hermann Haken

“…This paper studies the features of a net of pulse-coupled model neurons, taking into account the dynamics of dendrites and axons. The axonal pulses are modelled by δ-functions. …”
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Nerve regeneration using a Bio 3D conduit derived from umbilical cord-Derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat sciatic nerve defect model. by Terunobu Iwai, Ryosuke Ikeguchi, Tomoki Aoyama, Takashi Noguchi, Koichi Yoshimoto, Daichi Sakamoto, Kazuaki Fujita, Yudai Miyazaki, Shizuka Akieda, Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue, Fumitaka Nagamura, Koichi Nakayama, Shuichi Matsuda

“…The average diameters of myelinated axons were significantly larger in the Bio 3D group (3.61 ± 0.15 μm) than in the silicone group (3.07 ± 0.12 μm), and the number of myelinated axons was significantly higher in the Bio 3D group (11,201 ± 980) than in the silicone group (8117 ± 646). …”
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Role of Regulatory T Cells in Pathogenesis and Biological Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis by Milan Buc

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease in which the myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to demyelination and scarring as well as a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms. …”
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Expression pattern of Calbindin-D28k, NeuN proteins, ATOH1 and EN2 genes in the human fetal cerebellum by Phanindra Prasad Poudel, Arnab Ghosh, Chacchu Bhattarai, Saman Pradhan, Nirmal Panthi, Dela Singh Joshi, Shanti Khadka, Sandhya Kumari, Guruprasad Kalthur, R. Vani Lakshmi, Sneha Guruprasad Kalthur

“…Results: Calbindin-D28k was highly immunoreactive in the Purkinje cells and located in their cytoplasm, nucleus and dendrites whereas absent in their axons. NeuN was expressed weakly in the perinuclear cytoplasm and nucleus of granule cells whereas absent in their dendrites and axons. …”
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Social Experience-Dependent Myelination: An Implication for Psychiatric Disorders by Michihiro Toritsuka, Manabu Makinodan, Toshifumi Kishimoto

“…Myelination is one of the strategies to promote the conduction velocity of axons in order to adjust to evolving environment in vertebrates. …”
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Optic neuritis: relation between inflammatory genetic markers and occurrence of the disease by V. Punytė, R. Liutkevičienė

“…Although the cause of ON is multifactorial, a lot of attention is given to inflammatory and immune processes which are considered to contribute to demyelination of axons. Typical ON occurs as subacute unilateral decrease in visual acuity (VA) and pain which intensifies during eye movement. …”
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Innovative IOP-Independent Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration Strategies in the Pipeline for Glaucoma by James C. Tsai

“…Multiple etiologies for RGC death have been implicated in glaucoma including defective axonal transport, ischemia, excitotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, trophic factor withdrawal, and loss of RGC electrical activity. …”
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Cap-Assisted Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of an Incidental Rectal Traumatic Neuroma by Elias Estifan, Varun Patel, Matthew Grossman

“…A traumatic neuroma is a well-known complication after acute trauma to a peripheral nerve; the nerve tries to re-establish continuity by an orderly growth of axons from the peripheral to distal stump through the proliferation of Schwann cells. …”
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Glycyl tRNA Synthetase (GARS) Gene Variant Causes Distal Hereditary Motor Neuropathy V by Peter Chung, Hope Northrup, Misbah Azmath, Ricardo A. Mosquera, Shade Moody, Aravind Yadav

“…Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN) are a rare heterogeneous group of inherited disorders specifically affecting the motor axons, leading to distal limb neurogenic muscular atrophy. …”
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Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy-Gene Therapy: From Benchtop to Bedside by Rajeshwari D. Koilkonda, John Guy

“…While the mutated mtDNA impairs generation of ATP by all mitochondria, there is only a selective loss of retinal ganglion cells and degeneration of optic nerve axons. Thus, blindness is typically permanent. Half of the men and 10% of females who harbor the pathogenic mtDNA mutation actually develop the phenotype. …”
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Relationship between functional structures and horizontal connections in macaque inferior temporal cortex by Danling Hu, Takayuki Sato, Kathleen S. Rockland, Manabu Tanifuji, Hisashi Tanigawa

“…While some axon terminal patches shared responsiveness to specific visual features with the injection site, many connected to regions with different selectivity. …”
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Finite Element Analysis of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Influence of CSF Content and Anisotropy in Permeability by K. Shahim, J.-M. Drezet, J.-F. Molinari, R. Sinkus, S. Momjian

“…Owing to the existence of bundles of axons, the brain parenchyma shows locally anisotropic behaviour. …”
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miRNA changes associated with differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into human retinal ganglion cells by Maryam Esmaeili, Daniel A. Smith, Ben Mead

“…Retinal ganglion cells (RGC), whose axons connect the eye to the brain, are central nervous system cells of great interest, yet their study is largely restricted to animals due to the difficulty in obtaining healthy human RGC. …”
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Neuroendocrine Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Arising in Long Standing History of Multiple Sclerosis by Stergios Boussios, Vasiliki Kostadima, Anna Batistatou, Ioannis Tourkantonis, George Fotopoulos, Maria I. Argyropoulou, Nicholas Pavlidis

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that targets myelinated axons in the central nervous system (CNS). Cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) is a well-recognised clinical disorder, accounting for 3–5% of all malignant epithelial tumors. …”
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