IgD Multiple Myeloma Paraproteinemia as a Cause of Myositis by I. Colombo, M. E. Fruguglietti, L. Napoli, M. Sciacco, E. Tagliaferri, A. Della Volpe, V. Crugnola, N. Bresolin, M. Moggio, A. Prelle

“…Sural nerve biopsy demonstrated both demyelinating and axonal aspects with no inflammatory infiltrates, but positivity for HLA and MAC. …”
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Glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein promotes tissue repair after spinal cord injury by reducing iron deposition and ferroptosis in microglia by Fangru Ouyang, Meige Zheng, Jianjian Li, Jinxin Huang, Jianan Ye, Jingwen Wang, Yuanzhe Zhao, Fangli Shan, Ziyu Li, Shuishen Yu, Fei Yao, Dasheng Tian, Li Cheng, Juehua Jing

“…Our findings highlight the crucial role of GLMP in mitigating iron overload and ferroptosis in microglia, thereby contributing to axon retention and locomotor recovery after SCI.…”
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High-Dose Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Transplantation Increases Engraftment and Neuronal Distribution and Promotes Functional Recovery in Rats after Acutely Severe Spinal Cord Inju... by Taoyang Yuan, Qian Liu, Jie Kang, Hua Gao, Songbai Gui

“…However, the dose-related effects of the neural stem/precursor cell (NSPC) transplantation on the injury microenvironment, NSPC survival, axonal growth, neuronal distribution, the composition of neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes in the lesion area and functional recovery have not yet been quantitatively evaluated in the context of severe SCI. …”
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Microglia Play a Major Role in Direct Viral-Induced Demyelination by Dhriti Chatterjee, Kaushiki Biswas, Soma Nag, S. G. Ramachandra, Jayasri Das Sarma

“…Previous studies demonstrated that microglia can be persistently infected by neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) which causes meningoencephalitis, myelitis with subsequent axonal loss, and demyelination and serve as a virus-induced model of human neurological disease multiple sclerosis (MS). …”
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Isoviolanthin promotes Schwann cells activity in peripheral nerve regeneration via Fhl3-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like process: An in vitro study by Yajuan Su, Tiantian Liu, Minjun Zhao, Dandan Wu, Yuehua Wang, Xubo Wu

“…Schwann cells, as crucial regenerative cells, possess the ability to facilitate axon growth following peripheral nerve injury. However, the regeneration efficiency dominated by Schwann cells is impaired by factors such as the severity of peripheral nervous injury, aging, and metabolic disease. …”
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Magnetic susceptibility components reveal different aspects of neurodegeneration in alpha-synucleinopathies by Oliver C. Kiersnowski, Pietro Mattioli, Lucia Argenti, Laura Avanzino, Francesco Calizzano, Andrea Diociasi, Laura Falcitano, Chunlei Liu, Mattia Losa, Federico Massa, Silvia Morbelli, Beatrice Orso, Elisa Pelosin, Stefano Raffa, Matteo Pardini, Dario Arnaldi, Luca Roccatagliata, Mauro Costagli

“…SBR Z-scores in the putamen correlated with increased PCS in the substantia nigra and reduced |DCS| in the putamen, which may reflect dopaminergic degeneration ascribable to iron accumulation and nigrostriatal neuron axonal loss, respectively.…”
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Fever, Myositis, and Paralysis: Is This Inflammatory Myopathy or Neuroinvasive Disease? by Aneeta R. Kiran, Richard A. Lau, Kim M. Wu, Andrew L. Wong, Philip J. Clements, Emil R. Heinze

“…EMG/NCS showed sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy and the cerebrospinal fluid was positive for IgM and IgG WNV antibodies. …”
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Quality of Life in Painful Peripheral Neuropathies: A Systematic Review by Ayesha Girach, Thomas Henry Julian, Giustino Varrassi, Antonella Paladini, Athina Vadalouka, Panagiotis Zis

“…Other aetiologies of painful PN where QoL has been studied to date include gluten, immune-mediated, HIV, chemotherapy-induced, and chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy. Pharmacological treatment is the mainstay in managing pain and has a direct positive and independent effect on the overall QoL. …”
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Differentially Expressed microRNAs in Peritoneal Dialysis Effluent-Derived Exosomes from the Patients with Ultrafiltration Failure by Weifei Wu, Xu Wu, Zhiqun Cheng, Zhenzhen Yang, Minhui Lu, Jing Cheng

“…Functional analyses revealed that these DE-miRNAs were significantly enriched in pathways of cancer, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, axon orientation, and the Rap1 and Ras signaling pathways. …”
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Methimazole Inhibits the Expression of GFAP and the Migration of Astrocyte in Scratched Wound Model In Vitro by Lina Zhao, Xianyu Zhang, Chunhai Zhang

“…Therefore, slowing the astrocytic activation process may give a time window of axonal growth after the CNS injury. However, the underlying mechanism of astrocytic activation remains unclear, and there is no effective therapeutic strategy to attenuate the activation process. …”
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Cerebral organoids: a promising model in cellular technologies by T. A. Shnaider

“…Generation of hybrid three-dimensional cerebral organoids with different brain region identity allows remodeling some of them, including long-distance neuronal migration or formation of major axonal tracts. In this review, we consider the technology of obtaining human pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional cerebral organoids with different modifications and with different brain region identity. …”
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Coexistence of Factor VII Deficiency and Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia in Two Siblings by Hortensia De la Corte-Rodriguez, E. Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan, M. Teresa Alvarez-Roman, Ana L. Hernandez-Moreno

“…Findings from the tests confirmed the diagnosis of HSP (axonal degeneration of the central motor pathway and pyramidal tracts), further complicated by mixed neuropathy. …”
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Dual Inhibition of Activin/Nodal/TGF-β and BMP Signaling Pathways by SB431542 and Dorsomorphin Induces Neuronal Differentiation of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells by Vedavathi Madhu, Abhijit S. Dighe, Quanjun Cui, D. Nicole Deal

“…Additionally, in vitro subcutaneous implants of SB431542 and dorsomorphin treated hADSCs displayed significantly higher expression of active-axonal-growth-specific marker GAP43. Our data offers novel insights into cell-based therapies for the nervous system repair.…”
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A macro-transection model of brain trauma for neuromaterial testing with functional electrophysiological readouts by Jessica Wiseman, Raja Haseeb Basit, Akihiro Suto, Sagnik Middya, Bushra Kabiri, Michael Evans, Vinoj George, Christopher Adams, George Malliaras, Divya Maitreyi Chari

“…Critically, we observed hallmark pathological responses in injury foci including cell scarring, immune cell infiltration, precursor cell migration, and short-range axonal sprouting. Delivering test magnetic particles to evaluate the potential of the model for biomaterial screening shows a high uptake of introduced magnetic particles by injury-activated immune cells, mimicking in vivo findings. …”
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The Relationship between Visual-Evoked Potential and Optic Coherence Tomography and Clinical Findings in Parkinson Patients by Zeynep Tuncer, Gamze Dereli Can, Hava Dönmez Keklikoğlu, Fatma Ayşen Eren, Fatma Yülek, Orhan Deniz

“…Visual dysfunction in PD cannot be attributed only to retinal pathology; however, the retina may provide monitoring of the status of dopaminergic neurodegeneration and axonal loss in PD.…”
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Exosomes from Human Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Biodegradable Chitin Conduits Promote Rat Sciatic Nerve Regeneration by Feng Rao, Dianying Zhang, Tengjiaozi Fang, Changfeng Lu, Bo Wang, Xiao Ding, Shuai Wei, Yiran Zhang, Wei Pi, Hailin Xu, Yanhua Wang, Baoguo Jiang, Peixun Zhang

“…The exosomes from GMSCs could significantly promote Schwann cell proliferation and DRG axon growth. The in vivo studies showed that chitin conduit combined with exosomes from GMSCs could significantly increase the number and diameter of nerve fibers and promote myelin formation. …”
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Multi-targeted nanogel drug delivery system alleviates neuroinflammation and promotes spinal cord injury repair by Penghui Wang, Zaifeng Chen, Ping Li, Abdullah Al Mamun, Shaoxia Ning, Jinjing Zhang, Chonghui Tang, Tianmiao Sun, Jian Xiao, Xiaojie Wei, Fenzan Wu

“…This intervention additionally preserves the integrity of the blood-spinal cord barrier, optimizes the spinal cord microenvironment, reduces glial scarring, promotes axonal regeneration, and enhances motor function recovery in SCI mice. …”
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Evolutionary origins of synchronization for integrating information in neurons by Takashi Shibata, Takashi Shibata, Noriaki Hattori, Hisao Nishijo, Tsutomu Takahashi, Tsutomu Takahashi, Yuko Higuchi, Yuko Higuchi, Satoshi Kuroda, Kaoru Takakusaki

“…Electrical gap junctions enable rapid synchronization within cortical GABAergic networks, while ephaptic coupling allows structures like axon bundles to synchronize through extracellular electromagnetic fields, surpassing the speed of chemical processes. …”
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Semaphorin 3A Inhibits Inflammation in Chondrocytes under Excessive Mechanical Stress by Chikako Sumi, Naoto Hirose, Makoto Yanoshita, Mami Takano, Sayuri Nishiyama, Yuki Okamoto, Yuki Asakawa, Kotaro Tanimoto

“…Expression of semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), which is an axon guidance molecule, has been confirmed in chondrocytes. …”
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Schwann Cell‐Specific Ablation of Beclin 1 Impairs Myelination and Leads to Motor and Sensory Neuropathy in Mice by Lisa Gambarotto, Loris Russo, Silvia Bresolin, Luca Persano, Rachele D'Amore, Giulia Ronchi, Federica Zen, Luisa Muratori, Alice Cani, Samuele Negro, Aram Megighian, Sonia Calabrò, Paola Braghetta, Dario Bizzotto, Matilde Cescon

“…Transcriptomic and histological analysis from sciatic nerves of 10‐day and 2‐month‐old mice revealed pro‐mitotic gene deregulation and increased SCs proliferation at both stages with axonal loss and increased immune infiltration in adults, well reflecting the progressive motor and sensory functional impairment that characterizes Becn1 cKO mice, compared to controls. …”
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