Recent advances in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: clinical applications and challenges by Kamran Sheikhi, Salah Ghaderi, Hassan Firouzi, Sarvenaz Rahimibarghani, Ehsan Shabani, Hamed Afkhami, Hamed Afkhami, Hamed Afkhami, Aref Yarahmadi

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), is characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration, leading to diverse clinical manifestations such as fatigue, sensory impairment, and cognitive dysfunction. …”
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Innovative Lipid Nanoparticles Co-Delivering Hydroxychloroquine and siRNA for Enhanced Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy by Yanru Feng, Xintong Pan, Ziqian Li, Yue Li, Ya’nan Sun, Shaokun Yang, Chaoxing He, Yunjie Dang, Lu Huang, Bai Xiang

“…<b>Background:</b> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and joint damage. …”
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Myasthenia Gravis Masquerading as Status Asthmaticus by Neha Pirwani, Shayna Wrublik, Shashikanth Ambati

“…Myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular transmission, can lead to varying degrees of weakness and fatigability of the skeletal musculature. …”
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Management of Graves’ upper eyelid retraction (GUER): A review by Akruti Desai, Pallavi Singh, Dan Rootman, Milind N. Naik

“…Graves’ disease, a common autoimmune disorder, characteristically presents with upper eyelid retraction, causing significant functional and cosmetic concerns for affected individuals. …”
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Could hypoxic conditioning augment the potential of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a treatment for type 1 diabetes? by Cathal Patrick Forkan, Aruna Shrestha, Alfred Yu, Christine Chuang, Flemming Pociot, Reza Yarani

“…Abstract Type1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by the loss of pancreatic β-cells. …”
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SLE and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Case Series and Review of the Literature by Prajwal Boddu, Abdul S. Mohammed, Chandrahasa Annem, Winston Sequeira

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder punctuated by varied multiorgan complications all along the course of its natural history. …”
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TOM500: A Multi-Organ Annotated Orbital MRI Dataset for Thyroid Eye Disease by Haiyang Zhang, Hoi Chi Chan, Jiashuo Xu, Mengda Jiang, Xiaofeng Tao, Huifang Zhou, Xuefei Song, Xianqun Fan

“…TED is a common autoimmune disorder with distinct orbital MRI features. …”
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Ferroptosis: A New Pathway in the Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis by Junjie Jian, Jun Wei

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neuronal damage. …”
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Lupus Enteritis as an Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Sisira Sran, Manpreet Sran, Narmisha Patel, Prachi Anand

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder which can affect multiple organs and clinical presentation is often a myriad of symptoms; therefore, the index of suspicion should rise when evaluating patients with multiorgan symptomatology. …”
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Retinal Toxicity after Initial Administration of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab by Adnan Kilani, Efstathios Vounotrypidis, Susanna F. König, Armin Wolf

“…An extensive laboratory workup, including uveitis workup, onconeuronal and retinal antibodies, ruled out a paraneoplastic autoimmune disorder and a granulomatous disease. Furthermore, a B-scan was performed to exclude a posterior scleritis. …”
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Multiple Sclerosis and Obesity: Possible Roles of Adipokines by José de Jesús Guerrero-García, Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar, Rocío Ivette López-Roa, Ana Laura Márquez-Aguirre, Argelia Esperanza Rojas-Mayorquín, Daniel Ortuño-Sahagún

“…Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the Central Nervous System that has been associated with several environmental factors, such as diet and obesity. …”
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Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy Presenting with Unusual Behavioural Disturbances in an Adolescent Girl by Murugan Selvaraj Karthik, Kulothungan Nandhini, Viswanath Subashini, Ramasamy Balakrishnan

“…Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) is a rare autoimmune disorder with neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations and elevated titres of anti-thyroid antibodies. …”
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Immunology and Oxidative Stress in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and Basic Approach by Genaro G. Ortiz, Fermín P. Pacheco-Moisés, Oscar K. Bitzer-Quintero, Ana C. Ramírez-Anguiano, Luis J. Flores-Alvarado, Viridiana Ramírez-Ramírez, Miguel A. Macias-Islas, Erandis D. Torres-Sánchez

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibits many of the hallmarks of an inflammatory autoimmune disorder including breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the recruitment of lymphocytes, microglia, and macrophages to lesion sites, the presence of multiple lesions, generally being more pronounced in the brain stem and spinal cord, the predominantly perivascular location of lesions, the temporal maturation of lesions from inflammation through demyelination, to gliosis and partial remyelination, and the presence of immunoglobulin in the central nervous system and cerebrospinal fluid. …”
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CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS AND JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS by Cristina Brăileanu, Cristian Guțu, Monica Mihaela Scutariu, Iulia Olaru, Mădălina Duceac (Covrig), Georgeta Zegan

“…Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common inflammatory autoimmune disorder with joint involvement in childhood and is implicated in the genesis of temporomandibular dysfunction. …”
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Mathematical insights on psoriasis regulation: Role of Th1 and Th2 cells by Amit Kumar Roy, Priti Kumar Roy, Ellina Grigorieva

“…Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder, characterized by hyper-proli-feration of Keratinocytes for the abnormal activation of T Cells, Dendritic Cells (DCs) and cytokine signaling. …”
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Methadone-Induced Delayed Posthypoxic Encephalopathy: Clinical, Radiological, and Pathological Findings by Manoj Mittal, Yunxia Wang, Alan Reeves, Kathy Newell

“…Extensive work up was negative for any metabolic, infectious or autoimmune disorder. Brain biopsy showed significant axonal injury in the white matter. …”
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Chylous Ascites and Pleural Transudate: Rare Presentations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Old Age by Guan-Liang Chen, Deng-Ho Yang, Wen-Hsiu Hsu

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with involvement of multiple organs. …”
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Overlap of IgG4-Related disease with autoimmune rheumatic diseases: Report of 2 cases and review of literature by Shivraj Padiyar, Abhilasha Manwatkar, Arvind Ganapati, Sanjeet Roy, John Mathew

“…Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with a variety of manifestations. Association with other systemic autoimmune diseases is uncommonly reported in the literature. …”
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Oligodendrocyte Injury in Multiple Sclerosis. by Mateo Përgjegji, Klei Bame, Ketrina Ceka, Jera Cenalia , Sibora Bërdica , Teona Bushati

“… Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), marked by inflammation, demyelination, and significant oligodendrocyte injury. …”
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Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Patient with Previous Psychosis and Neurological Abnormalities: A Diagnostic Challenge by R. David Heekin, Maria C. Catalano, Alfred T. Frontera, Glenn Catalano

“…Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by IgG autoantibodies directed against the NR1 subunit of the NMDA glutamate receptor. …”
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