Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Immunomodulators in a Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation by Yur-Ren Kuo, Chien-Chang Chen, Shigeru Goto, Pao-Yuan Lin, Fu-Chan Wei, Chao-Long Chen

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise as an immunomodulatory therapeutic agent and are currently being tested in preclinical and clinical settings as therapies for autoimmune disorders or transplant rejection. The mechanisms by which MSCs modulate the immune response are still under thorough investigation, but these most likely involve expression of local factors influencing T-cell regulation, modulation of cytokine expression (e.g., IL-10, TGF-β, TNF-, INF-γ, etc.), and interactions with dendritic or antigen presenting cells. …”
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High-Salt Enhances the Inflammatory Response by Retina Pigment Epithelium Cells following Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation by Dike Zhang, Chaokui Wang, Shuang Cao, Zi Ye, Bolin Deng, Aize Kijlstra, Peizeng Yang

“…High-salt has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of high-salt on the production of inflammatory mediators by ARPE-19 cells and the possible mechanisms involved. …”
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Autoantibody with Cross-Reactivity between Insulin and Ductal Cells May Cause Diabetic Mastopathy: A Case Study by Katsutoshi Miura, Chikako Teruya, Nasu Hatsuko, Hiroyuki Ogura

“…The condition usually affects women with a long history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and also those with autoimmune disorders. While the pathogenesis is unknown, a particular type of class II human leukocyte antigen has been associated with this disease. …”
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Serological Findings in a Child with Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria by Eduardo J. Salido, Valentín Cabañas, Mercedes Berenguer, María I. Macizo, Faustino García-Candel, Raúl Pérez-López, Jose M. Moraleda

“…PCH is a rare autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) but is one of the most common causes of AIAH in children. …”
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Targeting glycolytic reprogramming by tsRNA-0032 for treating pathological lymphangiogenesis by Fan Ye, Ziran Zhang, Lianjun Shi, Shuting Lu, Xiumiao Li, Wan Mu, Qin Jiang, Biao Yan

“…Abnormal lymphangiogenesis has been implicated in several diseases such as cancers, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we elucidate the role of tsRNA-0032 in lymphangiogenesis and its molecular mechanism. tsRNA-0032 expression is significantly decreased in corneal suture model and human lymphatic endothelial cell (HLEC) model under inflammatory condition. …”
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Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? by Hongliang Zhang, Chunkui Zhou, Limin Wu, Fengming Ni, Jie Zhu, Tao Jin

“…The finding of highly specific antibodies directed against onconeural antigens has revolutionized the diagnosis and promoted the understanding of these syndromes and led to the current hypothesis of an autoimmune pathophysiology. Accumulating data strongly suggested direct pathogenicity of these antibodies. …”
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A Case of Neuromyelitis Optica: Puerto Rican Woman with an Increased Time Lag to Diagnosis and a High Response to Eculizumab Therapy by Ramón Vega, Benjamín González, Kiara Ortiz, Viviana Martínez, David Carmona, Ivonne Vicente, Javier Chapa, Ángel Chinea

“…This case illustrates the efficacy of eculizumab therapy and the importance of differentiating the clinical, histopathological, and neuroimaging characteristics that separate demyelinating autoimmune inflammatory disorders, such as NMOSD and multiple sclerosis (MS).…”
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Autologous Fat Grafting in the Treatment of Facial Scleroderma by Mehdi Gheisari, Arman Ahmadzadeh, Nilofar Nobari, Behzad Iranmanesh, Nikoo Mozafari

“…Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by progressive cutaneous and internal organ fibrosis. …”
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Gαq Regulates the Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Modulating Th1 Differentiation by Dashan Wang, Yuan Liu, Yan Li, Yan He, Jiyun Zhang, Guixiu Shi

“…Gαq has been found to play an important role in immune regulation and development of autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). …”
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Evaluating the Influence of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis on Clinico-Pathological Characteristics and Prognostic Outcomes of Middle Eastern Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma by Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy, Abdul K. Siraj, Nabil Siraj, Saeeda O. Ahmed, Saif S. Al-Sobhi, Fouad Al-Dayel, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya

“…Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, represents the most prevalent autoimmune thyroid disorder globally. The potential influence of HT on the clinical and pathological attributes, as well as the clinical outcomes of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), remains a point of ongoing debate within the medical community. …”
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Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: VISA versus EUGOGO Classification, Assessment, and Management by Jesús Barrio-Barrio, Alfonso L. Sabater, Elvira Bonet-Farriol, Álvaro Velázquez-Villoria, Juan C. Galofré

“…Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder associated with thyroid disease which affects ocular and orbital tissues. …”
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Genetic Selection Pressure on TLR9 Gene Increases Individual Susceptibility to Systemic Inflammatory Disease: A Case Study of Kano State Population by Yusuf Jibril Habib, Mohammed Sani Jaafaru

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune disorders have been linked to this genetic plasticity. …”
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A Case of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease with Extensive Multiorgan Involvements by Kazuhiko Higashioka, Kenji Yoshida, Kensuke Oryoji, Kazuo Kamada, Shinichi Mizuki, Hiroshi Tsukamoto, Eisuke Yokota, Koichi Akashi

“…This case showed many clinical findings, such as bilateral swelling of salivary and lacrimal glands, autoimmune pancreatitis, interstitial nephritis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, periaortitis, systemic swelling of lymph nodes, pulmonary lesions, splenomegaly, and jejunal lesions. …”
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Treatment of Extensive Plaque Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthropathy using Methotrexate in a Patient with High Serum Alkaline Phosphatase by Suad HH, Muna Mohammed El Amin, Gad Allah Modawe, Osman Elbasheer

“…Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune inflammatory, chronic, and relapsing disease of the skin, which can also present with severe joint inflammation and deformity. …”
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Modulation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Transcriptome by G-CSF Stimulation by Luz M. Avila-Portillo, Fabio Aristizabal, Angela Riveros, Martin C. Abba, Diego Correa

“…Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit multidifferentiation potential, paralleled with immunomodulatory and trophic properties that make them viable alternative tools for the treatment of degenerative disorders, allograft rejection, autoimmune diseases, and tissue regeneration. MSC functional attributes can be modulated by exposing them to inflammatory-stimulating microenvironments (i.e., priming) before their therapeutic use. …”
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Expression of CD24 in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Is Regulated by TGFβ3 and Induces a Myofibroblast-Like Genotype by Luisa Marilena Schäck, Manuela Buettner, Alexander Wirth, Claudia Neunaber, Christian Krettek, Andrea Hoffmann, Sandra Noack

“…The protein CD24 has been reported to be involved in a diverse range of processes such as cancer, adaptive immunity, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases in other cell types. Its expression in hBMSCs, which has not yet been analyzed, may add an important aspect in the understanding of hBMSC biology. …”
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Identification of clinical subgroups in anti-SRP positive immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy patients using cluster analysis by Beibei Cui, Hongjiang Liu, Ruiting Liu, Geng Yin, Qibing Xie

“…Background: Anti-signal recognition particle immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (anti-SRP IMNM) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness and necrosis. …”
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Peptide-Based Vaccination Therapy for Rheumatic Diseases by Bin Wang, Shiju Chen, Qing Zheng, Yuan Liu, Guixiu Shi

“…Peptide-based vaccination is a highly desirable strategy in treating noninfection diseases, such as cancer and autoimmune diseases, and has gained increasing attentions. …”
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Fulminant Diabetes in a Patient with Advanced Melanoma on Nivolumab by Nora Chokr, Hafsa Farooq, Elizabeth Guadalupe

“…These agents can precipitate autoimmune disorders. As the use of anti-PD-1 agents is expected to rise, physicians should be educated about the potential side effects. …”
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Case report: Diagnosis of impaired consciousness in a cancer patient using immune checkpoint inhibitors by Daniel Cathalifaud, Daniel Cathalifaud, Cristóbal Basáez, Tatiana Yáñez, Tatiana Yáñez

“…She was hospitalized for delirium with psychotic symptoms and a comprehensive neurological and etiological examination for this pathology was performed, revealing undetectable TSH levels, indicating the etiology of the condition as thyrotoxicosis in the context of autoimmune thyroiditis, secondary to treatment with ICIs. …”
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