Effects of Thyme Extract Oils (from Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis, and Thymus hyemalis) on Cytokine Production and Gene Expression of oxLDL-Stimulated THP-1-Macrophages by A. Ocaña, G. Reglero

“…As a cellular model of inflammation/atherogenesis, we use human macrophages derived from THP-1 monocytes and activated by oxidized LDLs. …”
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Effect of Vitamins A, C, and E Supplementation in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome in Albino Rats by L. S. Bilbis, S. A. Muhammad, Y. Saidu, Y. Adamu

“…The percentage protection of the supplemented groups against atherogenesis indicated 55.50±3.75%. Percentage weight gain indicated significant positive correlation with triglyceride, insulin resistance, and malondialdehyde while total antioxidant status and nitric oxide showed significant negative correlation. …”
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Antiobesogenic and Antiatherosclerotic Properties of Caralluma fimbriata Extract by Soundararajan Kamalakkannan, Ramaswamy Rajendran, Ramasamy V. Venkatesh, Paul Clayton, Mohammad A. Akbarsha

“…CFE treatment also conferred protection against atherogenesis. We conclude that CFE possesses antiobesogenic and antiatherosclerotic properties.…”
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Single-cell analysis identifies the CNP/GC-B/cGMP axis as marker and regulator of modulated VSMCs in atherosclerosis by Moritz Lehners, Hannes Schmidt, Maria T. K. Zaldivia, Daniel Stehle, Michael Krämer, Andreas Peter, Julia Adler, Robert Lukowski, Susanne Feil, Robert Feil

“…Correlative profiling of pathway activity and VSMC phenotype at the single-cell level shows that phenotypic modulation of contractile VSMCs to chondrocyte-like plaque cells during atherogenesis is associated with a switch from ANP/GC‑A to CNP/GC‑B signaling. …”
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Dual AAV/IL-10 Plus STAT3 Anti-Inflammatory Gene Delivery Lowers Atherosclerosis in LDLR KO Mice, but without Increased Benefit by Maohua Cao, Junaid A. Khan, Bum-Yong Kang, Jawahar L. Mehta, Paul L. Hermonat

“…Compared to control Neo gene-treated animals, individual hSTAT3 and hIL-10 delivery resulted in significant reduction in atherogenesis, as determined by larger aortic lumen size, thinner aortic wall thickness, and lower blood velocity (all statistically significant). …”
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Paraoxonase 2 Induces a Phenotypic Switch in Macrophage Polarization Favoring an M2 Anti-Inflammatory State by Marie Koren-Gluzer, Mira Rosenblat, Tony Hayek

“…Macrophages play a major role in the early atherogenesis, and they are present in the atherosclerotic lesion in two phenotypes: proinflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2). …”
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LncRNA MDRL Mitigates Atherosclerosis through miR-361/SQSTM1/NLRP3 Signaling by Ling You, Yanjie Zheng, Jing Yang, Qian Hou, Lianxia Wang, Yan Zhang, Chunxia Zhao, Ruiqin Xie

“…In summary, MDRL alleviates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis in VSMCs through miR-361/SQSTM1/NLRP3 pathway during atherogenesis. These data indicate that MDRL and inhibition of miR-361 represent potential therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis-related diseases.…”
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Impact of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Thrombomodulin Concentration and Early Markers of Atherosclerosis by Hasan Elkan, Mehmet Memduh Baş, Berna Kaya

“…LSG might prevent or reduce atherogenesis in the early stages by stopping endothelial dysfunction.…”
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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis by Ilkin Zindancı, Ozlem Albayrak, Mukaddes Kavala, Emek Kocaturk, Burce Can, Sibel Sudogan, Melek Koç

“…It is thought that chronic inflammation results in metabolic diseases and proinflammatory cytokines give rise to the development of atherogenesis, peripheral insulin resistance, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. …”
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Genetic Markers of Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Luis Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Raquel López-Mejías, Mercedes García-Bermúdez, Carlos González-Juanatey, Miguel A. González-Gay, Javier Martín

“…Besides traditional CV risk factors and chronic inflammation, a number of studies have confirmed the role of genetic factors in the development of the atherogenesis observed in RA. In this regard, besides a strong association between the HLA-DRB1*04 shared epitope alleles and both endothelial dysfunction, an early step in the atherosclerotic process, and clinically evident CV disease, other polymorphisms belonging to genes implicated in inflammatory and metabolic pathways, located inside and outside the HLA region, such as the 308 variant (G>A, rs1800629) of the TNFA locus, the rs1801131 polymorphism (A>C; position + 1298) of the MTHFR locus, or a deletion of 32 base pairs on the CCR5 gene, seem to be associated with the risk of CV disease in patients with RA. …”
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The Role of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis: The Myths and the Facts by Giuseppe Maiolino, Giacomo Rossitto, Paola Caielli, Valeria Bisogni, Gian Paolo Rossi, Lorenzo A. Calò

“…This review examines the role played by oxidized LDLs in atherogenesis taking into account data derived by studies based on molecular and clinical approaches. …”
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Role of hyperhomocysteinemia in atherosclerosis: from bench to bedside by Wende Tian, Jianqing Ju, Baoyi Guan, Tongxin Wang, Jiqian Zhang, Luxia Song, Hao Xu

“…Despite increasing recognition of its role in atherogenesis, the precise mechanisms and clinical implications of HHcy remain incompletely understood, necessitating a comprehensive review to connect recent mechanistic insights with practical applications.Methods We analyzed the various mechanisms whereby HHcy accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis, and conducted a comprehensive review of publications in the fields of HHcy and atherosclerosis.Results HHcy promotes atherosclerosis through several mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, epigenetic modification, and lipoprotein metabolism alteration. …”
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The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Agonist Pioglitazone Protects Vascular Endothelial Function in Hypercholesterolemic Rats by Inhibiting Myeloperoxidase by Dapeng Zhang, Yehong Wang, Ming Yi, Suli Zhang, Ye Wu

“…Hypercholesterolemia- (HC-) induced endothelial dysfunction is the first step of atherogenesis, and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) has been reported to attenuate atherosclerosis formation; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. …”
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Decreased Regulatory T Cells in Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Lesions: Imbalance between Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cells in Atherosclerosis by Ilonka Rohm, Yevgeniya Atiskova, Stefanie Drobnik, Michael Fritzenwanger, Daniel Kretzschmar, Rudin Pistulli, Jürgen Zanow, Thomas Krönert, Gita Mall, Hans Reiner Figulla, Atilla Yilmaz

“…Anti-inflammatory cells like Tregs counterbalance inflammation in atherogenesis. In our study, human carotid plaque specimens were classified as stable (14) and unstable (15) according to established morphological criteria. …”
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Lipofundin-Induced Hyperlipidemia Promotes Oxidative Stress and Atherosclerotic Lesions in New Zealand White Rabbits by Livan Delgado Roche, Emilio Acosta Medina, Ángela Fraga Pérez, María A. Bécquer Viart, Yosdel Soto López, Viviana Falcón Cama, Ana M. Vázquez López, Gregorio Martínez-Sánchez, Eduardo Fernández-Sánchez

“…Due to the importance of these phenomena as risk factors for atherogenesis, we suggest that Lipofundin induces atherosclerosis mainly through these mechanisms.…”
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Its Impact on Selected Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Correlation with Duration of Illness: A Pilot Study by Brygida Przywara-Chowaniec, Dominika Blachut, Jan Harpula, Marcin Bereś, Agnieszka Nowak, Ewa Nowalany-Kozielska

“…It leads to an increased production of proinflammatory molecules that accelerates atherogenesis and could cause an endothelium dysfunction. …”
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Syndecan-1: A Review on Its Role in Heart Failure and Chronic Liver Disease Patients’ Assessment by Radu-Stefan Miftode, Ionela-Lăcrămioara Şerban, Amalia-Stefana Timpau, Ionela-Larisa Miftode, Adriana Ion, Ana-Maria Buburuz, Alexandru-Dan Costache, Irina-Iuliana Costache

“…Many studies highlighted its role in the development of cardiac fibrosis or atherogenesis, being significantly correlated with the activity of angiotensin II. …”
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Oxidative impact on lipoprotein structure: Insights from dynamic light scattering by Nickolette Kong, Natalia Penaloza, Gustavo Agreda, Angela B. Nguyen, Joseph Gutheinz, Alison Tran, Nhi Nguyen, Tuong Vi Ho, Ana Marin, Birgit Mellis, Richa Chandra

“…Lipoproteins, key biomolecules in lipid transport, are particularly susceptible to oxidative modifications, which can contribute to atherogenesis. The need for advanced analytical tools to better understand the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is critical due to its significant impact on public health. …”
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Antibodies Against β2-Glycoprotein I Complexed With an Oxidised Lipoprotein Relate to Intima Thickening of Carotid Arteries in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome by P. R. J. Ames, J. Delgado Alves, L. R. Lopez, F. Gentile, A. Margarita, L. Pizzella, J. Batuca, G. Scenna, V. Brancaccio, E. Matsuura

“…IgG anti-2GPI−oxLig-1 may be involved in PAPS related atherogenesis via decreased PON activity.…”
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Lipoprotein (a) levels in children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia by Liliya F. Galimova, Dinara I. Sadykova, Evgeniia S. Slastnikova, Chulpan D. Khaliullina, Karina R. Salakhova

“…BACKGROUND: Recent studies show that lipoprotein (a), or Lp(a), plays a specific role in the development of atherosclerosis. Lp(a) promotes atherogenesis by increasing production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and depositing on the arterial wall. …”
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