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  1. 41

    Arithmetic-Like Reasoning in Wild Vervet Monkeys: A Demonstration of Cost-Benefit Calculation in Foraging by Sayaka Tsutsumi, Tomokazu Ushitani, Kazuo Fujita

    Published 2011-01-01
    “…Arithmetic-like reasoning has been demonstrated in various animals in captive and seminatural environments, but it is unclear whether such competence is practiced in the wild. …”
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  2. 42

    The Optimal Upper and Lower Power Mean Bounds for a Convex Combination of the Arithmetic and Logarithmic Means by Wei-Feng Xia, Yu-Ming Chu, Gen-Di Wang

    Published 2010-01-01
    “…For p∈ℝ, the power mean Mp(a,b) of order p, logarithmic mean L(a,b), and arithmetic mean A(a,b) of two positive real values a and b are defined by Mp(a,b)=((ap+bp)/2)1/p, for p≠0 and Mp(a,b)=ab, for p=0, L(a,b)=(b-a)/(log⁡b-log⁡a), for a≠b and L(a,b)=a, for a=b and A(a,b)=(a+b)/2, respectively. …”
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  3. 43

    Evaluation of Water Quality at the Confluence Region of Diyala and Tigris Rivers Based on the Weighted Arithmetic Method by Khadeeja G. Sabeeh, Mustafa T. Mustafa, Alhassan H. Ismail, Corina Boncescu

    Published 2023-03-01
    “… This study is conducted to assess the water quality index (WQI) of the Diyala and Tigris River confluence region south of Baghdad (Al-Tuwaitha), based on the Weighted Arithmetic method. Sixteen samples of water were collected from different location in the region through two periods 5/11/2021 and 13/3/2022. …”
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  4. 44

    Estimation of the Bid-Ask Prices for the European Discrete Geometric Average and Arithmetic Average Asian Options by Xiankang Luo, Tao Chen

    Published 2021-01-01
    “…In this paper, within the framework of conic finance, we derive effective, explicit, approximate formulas to estimate the bid-ask prices for the European discrete geometric average and arithmetic average Asian options. Finally, we give two examples to demonstrate and validate that the approximate closed-form solutions are efficient and accurate.…”
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    A New Conformable Fractional-Order Time-Delay Grey Bernoulli Model with the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in Rural Regional Economy by Ran Wang, Hui Liu, Qinwen Yang, Hongmei Du

    Published 2023-01-01
    “…To further promote the development of the grey system theory, this paper develops a novel conformable fractional-order grey Bernoulli model with a time-delay effect, namely, the CFTDNGBM (1, 1) model. In addition, the arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) is incorporated into the system of the model to solve the hyperparameters existing in the model. …”
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    The local limit theorem of Delange in the Knopfmacher's semigroup by Rimantas Skrabutėnas

    Published 2004-12-01
    Subjects: “…arithmetic function…”
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