β-Endorphin Mediates the Development and Instability of Atherosclerotic Plaques by Taisuke Okano, Kengo Sato, Remina Shirai, Tomomi Seki, Koichiro Shibata, Tomoyuki Yamashita, Ayaka Koide, Hitomi Tezuka, Yusaku Mori, Tsutomu Hirano, Takuya Watanabe

“…The μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1) was expressed in THP-1 monocytes, macrophages, HASMCs, HUVECs, and human aortic endothelial cells. β-Endorphin significantly increased THP-1 monocyte adhesion to HUVECs and induced upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin via nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and p38 phosphorylation in HUVECs. β-Endorphin significantly increased HUVEC proliferation and enhanced oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation in macrophages. β-Endorphin also significantly shifted the macrophage phenotype to proinflammatory M1 rather than anti-inflammatory M2 via NF-κB phosphorylation during monocyte-macrophage differentiation and increased migration and apoptosis in association with c-jun-N-terminal kinase, p38, and NF-κB phosphorylation in HASMCs. …”
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Apoptotic PET Imaging of Rat Pulmonary Fibrosis With [F]ML-8 by Ying Xiong MM, Dahong Nie BM, Shaoyu Liu PhD, Hui Ma BM, Shu Su BM, Aixia Sun PhD, Jing Zhao MD, PhD, Zhanwen Zhang PhD, Xianhong Xiang MD, PhD, Ganghua Tang MD, PhD

“…Immunofluorescence staining indicated more apoptotic cells in BLM-treated rats than those in control rats. Moreover, the apoptosis rate of lung tissues obtained from BLM-treated rats was higher than that from control rats ( P < .05). …”
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Angiotensin-(1-7) and Alamandine Promote Anti-inflammatory Response in Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo by Melissa de Carvalho Santuchi, Miriane Fernandes Dutra, Juliana Priscila Vago, Kátia Maciel Lima, Izabela Galvão, Fernando Pedro de Souza-Neto, Mario Morais e Silva, Aline Cristina Oliveira, Flávia Carvalho Bittencourt de Oliveira, Ricardo Gonçalves, Mauro Martins Teixeira, Lirlândia Pires Sousa, Robson Augusto Souza dos Santos, Rafaela Fernandes da Silva

“…Resolution of inflammation contributes to restore tissue homeostasis, and it is characterized by neutrophil apoptosis and their subsequent removal by macrophages, which are remarkable plastic cells involved in the pathophysiology of diverse inflammatory diseases. …”
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Neuroprotective Effect of Melatonin Loaded in Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Applied Subconjunctivally in a Retinal Degeneration Animal Model by Sofia Mickaela Martinez, Ayelen Inda, Maximiliano Nicolás Ríos, Carolina del Valle Bessone, Abril Bruera Bossio, Mario Eduardo Guido, José Domingo Luna Pinto, Daniel Alberto Allemandi, Daniela Alejandra Quinteros

“…Results: Np-HSA-Mel significantly preserved pupillary function and cell viability, demonstrating lower apoptosis compared to Mel solution and Np-HSA alone. …”
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Pancreatic cancer cell-intrinsic transglutaminase-2 promotes T cell suppression through microtubule-dependent secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines by Anton Wellstein, Thomas Seufferlein, Alexander Kleger, Tim Eiseler, Anton Lahusen, Nora Minhöfer, Kim-André Lohse, Christine Blechner, Jessica Lindenmayer, Sabine Windhorst, Yuan-Na Lin

“…In TGM2-expressing PDOs, pharmacological TGM2 inhibition or treatment with nocodazole increased T cell-mediated apoptosis. Also, pretreatment of TGM2high PDOs with sublethal doses of the spindle poisons paclitaxel or vincristine increased CD8+T cell activation and sensitized PDOs toward T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.Conclusions These findings indicate that targeting microtubular function therapeutically may enhance antitumor T cell responses by impacting activity of immunosuppressive cytokines in the PDAC microenvironment.…”
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Potential Effect of Exosomes Derived from Cancer Stem Cells and MSCs on Progression of DEN-Induced HCC in Rats by Faisal A. Alzahrani, Mohammed A. El-Magd, Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan, Ayman A. Saleh, Islam M. Saadeldin, Eman S. El-Shetry, Abdelnaser A. Badawy, Saleh Alkarim

“…CSCs-exosomes also decreased apoptosis (marked by downregulation of Bax and p53 and upregulation of Bcl2, and increased immunostaining of PCNA), increased angiogenetic activity (revealed by upregulation of VEGF), enhanced metastasis and invasiveness (indicated by upregulation of P13K and ERK proteins and their downstream target MMP9 and downregulation of TIMP1), and induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (marked by increased serum and hepatic level of TGFβ1 mRNA and protein). …”
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Gastric Cancer Cell Lines Have Different MYC-Regulated Expression Patterns but Share a Common Core of Altered Genes by Jersey Heitor da S. Maués, Helem Ferreira Ribeiro, Giovanny R. Pinto, Luana de Oliveira Lopes, Letícia M. Lamarão, Carla Mariana F. Pessoa, Caroline de Fátima Aquino Moreira-Nunes, Raimundo Miranda de Carvalho, Paulo P. Assumpção, Juan A. Rey, Rommel M. Rodríguez Burbano

“…MYC is an oncogene responsible for excessive cell growth in cancer, enabling transcriptional activation of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, metabolism, and apoptosis, and is usually overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC). …”
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Hepatic Abnormal Secretion of Apolipoprotein C3 Promotes Inflammation in Aortic Dissection by Xinghui Zhuang, Mohammad Zarif, Yue Shen, Zhaofeng Zhang, Jian He, Linfeng Xie, Qingsong Wu, Xinfan Lin, Keyuan Chen, Yue Tian, Yong Lin, Yuling Zhang, Ziwen Cai, Zhihuang Qiu, Liangwan Chen

“…Additionally, apo C3 increased adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells and induced inflammation, chemotaxis, and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Conclusions Our findings highlight the role of abnormally secreted hepatic apo C3 in promoting aortic inflammation.…”
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Unveiling prognostic value of JAK/STAT signaling pathway related genes in colorectal cancer: a study of Mendelian randomization analysis by Nan Zhang, Wenli Yue, Bihang Jiao, Duo Cheng, Jingjing Wang, Fang Liang, Yingnan Wang, Xiyue Liang, Kunkun Li, Junwei Liu, Yadong Li

“…And MPP2 exhibited the most potent activating influence on the cell cycle pathway, whereas ANK3 demonstrated the most significant inhibitory effect within the apoptosis pathway. Conclusions A new JAK-STAT related CRC prognostic model was constructed and validated, which possessed an underlying predictive potential for CRC patients’ prognosis and could potentially enhance tailored guidance for immunotherapy.…”
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Inhibition of the invasive plant Ambrosia trifida by Sigesbeckia glabrescens extracts by Lijuan Yin, Guangzhong Zhang, Haoyu Zhao, Yuxin Zhang, Jiaozi Wangchen, Fanghao Wan, Bo Liu, Wanqiang Qian

“…In addition, increases in H2O2 content and respiratory burst oxidase homologue (RbohD) gene expression suggested that A. trifida underwent oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts, resulting in apoptosis due to the significant upregulation of key genes associated with apoptotic pathways. …”
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TOPBP1 as a potential predictive biomarker for enhanced combinatorial efficacy of olaparib and AZD6738 in PDAC by Xiao-Mei Tang, Min-Min Shi, Jia-Cheng Wang, Yi-Jin Gu, Yu-Ting Dai, Qin-Xin Yang, Jia Liu, Ling-Jie Ren, Xin-Yun Liu, Chun Yang, Fang-Fang Ma, Ji-Bing Liu, Hong Yu, Da Fu, Yun-Feng Wang

“…Combination treatment with olaparib and AZD6738 effectively induced P53-dependent apoptosis via inhibiting the ATR pathway and enhancing signaling through the ATM pathway, which significantly reduced the viability of pancreatic cell lines. …”
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AGD1/USP10/METTL13 complexes enhance cancer stem cells proliferation and diminish the therapeutic effect of docetaxel via CD44 m6A modification in castration resistant prostate can... by Hong Wang, Chunli Cui, Weiyi Li, Hui Wu, Jianjun Sha, Jiahua Pan, Wei Xue

“…Conclusions AGD1 mediates the stemness and apoptosis of PCSCs and promotes docetaxel treatment resistance by enhancing tumor growth and metastasis through USP10/METTL13-mediated CD44 mRNA decay in CRPC.…”
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Impact of Methotrexate and 7‐Hydroxymethotrexate Exposure on Renal Toxicity in Pediatric Non‐Hodgkin Lymphoma by Hao Bing, Yi Ma, Jiamin Xu, Qixian Ling, Yanlong Duan, Libo Zhao

“…Moreover, 7‐OHMTX could produce crystalline‐like deposits within the renal tubules under acidic conditions or induce renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis through various signaling pathways, ultimately leading to kidney damage. …”
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Loading of CAR‐T cells with magnetic nanoparticles for controlled targeting suppresses inflammatory cytokine release and switches tumor cell death mechanism by Felix Pfister, Lucas R. Carnell, Lisa Löffler, Philipp Boosz, Niels Schaft, Jan Dörrie, René Stein, Malte Lenz, Erdmann Spiecker, Christian M. Huber, Sami Haddadin, Carola Berking, Christoph Alexiou, Christina Janko

“…Importantly, SPIONs suppressed cytokine release in the loaded CAR‐T cells, shifting the cell death phenotype in the tumor cells from pyroptosis to apoptosis. Furthermore, SPION‐loaded CAR‐T cells could be enriched in a dynamic flow model through an external magnetic field and be detected in MRI. …”
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Metformin Increases Protein Phosphatase 2A Activity in Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells Derived from Lean Healthy Participants by Aktham Mestareehi, Xiangmin Zhang, Berhane Seyoum, Zaher Msallaty, Abdullah Mallisho, Kyle Jon Burghardt, Anjaneyulu Kowluru, Zhengping Yi

“…Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a major serine/threonine protein phosphatase, plays a pivotal role in cellular processes, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, and acts through dephosphorylating key signaling molecules such as AKT and AMPK. …”
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Ginsenoside Rg1: A bioactive therapeutic agent for diverse liver diseases by Mingyu Wu, Ke Li, Jiabin Wu, Xianyi Ding, Xiaotong Ma, Wenhong Wang, Weihua Xiao

“…., which mainly rely on the inhibition of apoptosis, strengthening endogenous anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, activation of immune responses and regulation of efflux transport signals, to improve pathological changes in the liver caused by lipid deposition, inflammation, oxidative stress, accumulation of hepatotoxic product, etc. …”
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Astrocytic NLRP3 cKO mitigates depression-like behaviors induced by mild TBI in mice. by Hui-Tao Miao, Jun Wang, Jing-Jing Shao, Rong-Xin Song, Wen-Guang Li, Jian-Kai Sun, Shi-Yan Jia, Dong-Xue Zhang, Xiao-Ming Li, Jian-Yong Zhao, Li-Min Zhang

“…It also led to the upregulation of protective astrocytes and apoptosis-associated factors, including cleaved caspase-3 post-mild TBI. …”
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Nonylphenol exposure increases the risk of Hirschsprung’s disease by inducing macrophage M1 polarization by Xuefeng Yang, Chengyan Tang, Daiwei Zhu, Xingrong Xia, Qing Du, Lu Huang, Jianguo Liu, Yuanmei Liu

“…The proliferation and migration were weakened, and apoptosis was heightened by the conditioned medium of NP-treated macrophages in SH-SY5Y cells. …”
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Supplementation with Standardized Green/Black or White Tea Extracts Attenuates Hypertension and Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Myocardial Damage in Mice Infused with Angiotensin II by Mario de la Fuente-Muñoz, Marta Román-Carmena, Sara Amor, María C. Iglesias-de la Cruz, Patricia Martorell, Sonia Guilera-Bermell, Reme García Bou, Antonio M. Inarejos-García, Ángel L. García-Villalón, Miriam Granado

“…In the heart, supplementation with both tea extracts attenuated AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy and reduced ischemia-reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in myocardial tissue. In conclusion, supplementation with WTE or CTE attenuates AngII-induced cardiovascular damage through their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. …”
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MSC-EXs inhibits uranium nephrotoxicity by competitively binding key proteins and inhibiting ROS production by Xinrui Yang, Jing Liu, Yaru Yin, Luxun Yang, Mingquan Gao, Zifei Wu, Binghui Lu, Shenglin Luo, Weidong Wang, Rong Li

“…This regulation leads to a reduction in mitochondrial ROS production, alleviates lipid peroxidation, and consequently decreases cellular apoptosis and ferroptosis. This study identifies MSC-EXs as a novel therapeutic strategy against depleted uranium poisoning, presenting potential advancements in treatment methodologies.…”
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