Quantification of Antiretroviral Drug Emtricitabine in Human Plasma by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy by Marguerite R. Butler, Terry A. Jacot, Sucharita M. Dutta, Gustavo F. Doncel, John B. Cooper

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Utilization Patterns and Projected Demand of Antiretroviral Drugs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries by Françoise Renaud-Théry, Carlos Avila-Figueroa, John Stover, Sigrid Thierry, Marco Vitoria, Vincent Habiyambere, Yves Souteyrand

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The use of human antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) in broiler chicken and domestic pig farming in Tanzania by Zuhura I. Kimera, Emmanuel C. Balandya, Mecky I. N. Matee, Lisa V. Adams

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Assessing HIV/AIDS patients’ access to antiretroviral drugs using the healthcare accessibility framework: a cross-sectional study from Shandong, China by Zhixin Fan, Songlin Zheng, Weiming Cui, Chao Zheng, Qiang Sun, Jia Yin

Subjects: “…Antiretroviral drugs…”
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How Antiretroviral Drug Concentrations Could Be Affected by Oxidative Stress, Physical Capacities and Genetics: A Focus on Dolutegravir Treated Male PLWH by Jessica Cusato, Anna Mulasso, Micol Ferrara, Alessandra Manca, Guido Accardo, Alice Palermiti, Miriam Antonucci, Gianluca Bianco, Francesco Chiara, Jacopo Mula, Maria Cristina Tettoni, Simone Cuomo, Giulia Trevisan, Stefano Bonora, Giovanni Di Perri, Corrado Lupo, Alberto Rainoldi, Antonio D’Avolio

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Clinical testing of antiretroviral drugs as future prevention against vaginal and rectal transmission of HIV infection – a review of currently available results by Vysloužil Jakub, Kubová Kateřina, Tkadlečková Veronika Nováková, Vetchý David

“…This review summarizes the results obtained during long-term clinical testing (2005–2018) of antiretroviral drugs against vaginal and rectal transmission of HIV infection.…”
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Performance of antiretroviral drugs supply chain management and related challenges in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.... by Meseret Tilahun Zeleke, Berhanemeskel Weldegerima Atsbeha, Belachew Yebeyin Melaku, Yesuneh Tefera Mekasha, Abibo Wondie Mekonen, Shimelis Dagnachew Nigatu

“…However, interruptions in access and stock outs are the major challenges in the supply chain of antiretroviral drugs. The issues are very high, particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. …”
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Exploring Zinc C295 as a Dual HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor: From Strand Transfer to 3′-Processing Suppression by Sharif Karim Sayyed, Marzuqa Quraishi, D. S. Prabakaran, Balaji Chandrasekaran, Thiyagarajan Ramesh, Satish Kumar Rajasekharan, Chaitany Jayprakash Raorane, Tareeka Sonawane, Vinothkannan Ravichandran

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Drugs as a cause of perforating dermatoses – a literature review by Lidia Mądrzak, Izabela Staniszewska, Arkadiusz Moskwa, Agnieszka Kalińska-Bienias

“…Perforating dermatoses can be induced by the molecularly targeted therapy drugs (sorafenib, nilotinib, dasatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, vemurafenib, lenvatinib, sirolimus, bevacizumab, necitumumab, panitumumab, cetuximab, bendamustine-rituximab, terepril), monoclonal antibodies (infliximab, etanercept, ranibizumab, natalizumab), as well as immunomodulatory imide drugs (lenalidomide, leflunomide), antiretroviral drugs (indinavir, telaprevir) and penicillamine. …”
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Kaposi´s sarcoma, epidemic type. Case presentation by Gilberto Serrano Ocaña, Juan Carlos Ortiz Sablon, Ilen Ochoa Tamayo

“…It affects approximately 20% of people with HIV that don’t take antiretroviral drugs. It is more common in homosexual’s patients, but may appear in any HIV positive individual, in Africa where heterosexual HIV transmission route is the most important can also be found in children and women. …”
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Antiretroviral therapies and status of people living with HIV in Japan: An update from hospital survey and national database. by Yoshiyuki Yokomaku, Tatsuya Noda, Mayumi Imahashi, Yuichi Nishioka, Tomoya Myojin, Aikichi Iwamoto, Tomoaki Imamura

“…A significant transition to single-tablet regimens and newer, highly effective antiretroviral drugs was observed, optimizing treatment adherence and outcomes. …”
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Hybrid optimal control for HIV multi-drug therapies: A finite set control transcription approach by Divya Thakur, Belinda Marchand

“…In this study, the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is investigated through an optimal structured treatment interruption (STI) schedule of two classes of antiretroviral drugs, mainly, reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors. …”
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Guillain–Barre syndrome: An atypical presentation of IRIS on initiation of antiretroviral therapy in a newly diagnosed HIV infected by Hardik Patel, Debajyoti Majumdar, Dolanchampa Modak

“…Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis and antiretroviral drugs were initiated, as per the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) recommendations, and the patient was discharged in a stable condition. …”
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Assessment of Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence among Children Attending Care at a Tertiary Hospital in Southeastern Nigeria by Cletus Akahara, Emeka Nwolisa, Kelechi Odinaka, Seline Okolo

“…Our aim was to assess the antiretroviral drugs adherence status of HIV-infected children attending care at a tertiary hospital in Southeastern Nigeria. …”
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Accessibility to, Acceptability of, and Adherence to HIV/AIDS Prevention Services by Men Who Have Sex with Men: Challenges Encountered at Facility Level by P. C. N. Otambo, A. Makokha, M. Karama, M. Mwangi

“…Over 70% of MSM reported that TB drugs, antiretroviral drugs, lubricants, condoms, and other STI treatment services were accessible. …”
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Characterization of the Protective HIV-1 CTL Epitopes and the Corresponding HLA Class I Alleles: A Step towards Designing CTL Based HIV-1 Vaccine by Sajib Chakraborty, Taibur Rahman, Rajib Chakravorty

“…Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) possesses a major threat to the human life largely due to the unavailability of an efficacious vaccine and poor access to the antiretroviral drugs against this deadly virus. High mutation rate in the viral genome underlying the antigenic variability of the viral proteome is the major hindrance as far as the antibody based vaccine development is concerned. …”
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Challenges in Providing Treatment and Care for Viral Hepatitis among Individuals Co-Infected with HIV in Resource-Limited Settings by Wirach Maek-a-Nantawat, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Pirapon June Ohata

“…The options for antiretroviral drugs are limited and rely on global funds and research facilities. …”
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Screening for Hypertension in adolescents living with HIV: Protocol for a cluster randomized trial to improve guideline adherence. by Raphael Adu-Gyamfi, Juliana Enos, Kwame Yeboah, Veronika Shabanova, Nicola Hawley, Deda Alangea Ogum, Adwoa Agyei Nkansah, Elijah Paintsil, Kwasi Torpey

“…The duration of exposure to the virus and antiretroviral drugs plays a vital role in the pathogenesis, putting perinatally infected children and adolescents at higher risk than behaviorally-infected ones, supporting the calls for increased surveillance of Hypertension among them. …”
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Pattern of Medication Adherence, Spirituality and Viral Load amongst Adult Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural Southwest Nigeria by Moronkeji Temitope Olanrewaju, Olatutu Ololade Olanrewaju, Azeez Oyemomi Ibrahim, Tope Michael Ipinnimo, Paul Oladapo Ajayi, Oluwafunmilayo Kehinde Sito

“…Furthermore, persons with high spirituality were 2.6 times more likely to be adherent to antiretroviral drugs when compared to persons with low spirituality (P < 0.05). …”
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A CASE REPORT: ANTIRETROVIRAL-ASSOCIATED BILATERAL GYNECOMASTIA by Erdo Puncak Sidarta, Syeben Hezer Epatah Hietingwati, Robertus Arian Datusanantyo

“…Abstract: Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients can now access antiretroviral drugs even in  resource-limited area. The majority of patients receive the fixed daily dose of an efavirenz-based antiviral (ARV) as advised by the World Health Organization (WHO), despite the fact that gynecomastia is a recognized side effect of evafirenz. …”
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