CD200R1 immune checkpoint blockade by the first-in-human anti-CD200R1 antibody 23ME-00610: molecular mechanism and engineering of a surrogate antibody by Cristina Melero, S. Jimmy Budiardjo, Anahita Daruwalla, Lance Larrabee, Oleg Ganichkin, Alexander J. Heiler, Jill Fenaux, Ben Chung, Germaine Fuh, Yao-Ming Huang

“…This engineering approach does not require a priori knowledge of structural and functional mapping of antibody–antigen interaction and thus is generally applicable for therapeutic antibody development when desired ortholog binding is lacking. …”
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Children Aged 1 to 15 Years at Holy Innocents Children’s Hospital, Mbarara, South Western Uganda by Phoebe Aitila, Michael Mutyaba, Simon Okeny, Maurice Ndawula Kasule, Rashid Kasule, Frank Ssedyabane, Benson Okongo, Richard Onyuthi Apecu, Enoch Muwanguzi, Caesar Oyet

“…Four (4) millilitres of blood was collected from each child and tested for H. pylori blood Antibody test and stool specimens were used for H. pylori antigen test. Results. The prevalence of H. pylori infection among the study participants was 24.3%. …”
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Immunoprotective effect of chitosan nanoparticles with different particle sizes against H9N2 avian influenza infection by Shangen Xu, Zhi Zhao, Chenxi Sun, Yile Ji, Qingshuang Luan, Qihong Zhang, Zheng Jin, Kai Zhao

“…Moreover, a mechanistic analysis revealed that the optimal NHC NPs combination triggered the activation of antigen presenting cells via TLR4 and participated in immune responses through the production of NO and TNF-α. …”
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Radiation dose and fraction in immunotherapy: one-size regimen does not fit all settings, so how does one choose? by Marka Crittenden, Sandra Demaria, C Norman Coleman, Jonathan Schoenfeld, Arta Monjazeb, Samir Khleif, Seema Gupta, Andrew Sikora, Zachary Morris, Chandan Guha, Stephen Shiao, Silvia Chiara Formenti, Bhadrasain Vikram, Mansoor M Ahmed

“…Other novel delivery options may also affect immune responses, including T-cell activation and tumor-antigen presentation changes. However, there is limited understanding of the immunological impact of hypofractionated and unique multifractionated radiotherapy regimens, as these observations are relatively recent. …”
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Biomimetic polydopamine loaded with janus kinase inhibitor for synergistic vitiligo therapy via hydrogel microneedles by Chunying Li, Wenwen Wang, Junyi Shao, Sen Zhou, Xiaolin Ji, Youxia Xi, Qiuyang Xu, Yuhan Huang, Jingle Wang, Yilin Wan, Zhiming Li

“…Under oxidative stress, the apoptotic melanocytes expose self-antigens and release high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), triggering autoimmune activation and recruiting CD8+ T cells. …”
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PU.1 alleviates the inhibitory effects of cigarette smoke on endothelial progenitor cell function and lung-homing through Wnt/β-catenin and CXCL12/CXCR4 pathways by Xue He⁺, Yanan Cui⁺, Tiao Li, Lijuan Luo, Zihang Zeng, Yiming Ma, Yan Chen

“…We determined the expression levels of PU.1, β-catenin, C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12), C-X-C motif receptor 4 (CXCR4), stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1), and stemness genes. Results CSE exposure significantly reduced the expression of PU.1 in mouse lung tissues, BM, and BM-derived EPCs. …”
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Modulating tumor-associated macrophages through CSF1R inhibition: a potential therapeutic strategy for HNSCC by Kaiting Chen, Xiaochen Li, Shuyi Dong, Yu Guo, Ziyin Luo, Shi-Min Zhuang, Jie Liu, Tianrun Liu, Jing Liao, Weiping Wen

“…CSF1R is primarily expressed in TAMs, where high CSF1R expression may suppress antigen binding and activation. In vitro experiments showed that CSF1R inhibitors induce TAMs apoptosis, enhance their phagocytic activity, and reduce CD206 expression and IL-10 secretion, thereby diminishing their immunosuppressive function. …”
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Efficient Acquisition of Fully Human Antibody Genes against Self-Proteins by Sorting Single B Cells Stimulated with Vaccines Based on Nitrated T Helper Cell Epitopes by Liangliang Jiang, Tao Jiang, Jianhua Luo, Yanliang Kang, Yue Tong, Xiaoda Song, Xiangdong Gao, Wenbing Yao, Hong Tian

“…Single B cell antibody technology is a method for isolating antigen-specific B cells from human peripheral blood and obtaining antibody genes in developing antibody drugs. …”
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Case report: The case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chemotherapy followed by anti-CD7 CAR-T cells using retroviral vector by Huanhuan Zhou, Wenxiang Zhu, Qihong Ma, Ning Liu, Mengdi Jin, Yaru Feng, Lijun Zhao, Rui Sun, Rongyou Li, Huaxiu Li, Yuanyuan Shi, Jianxun Wang, Liqiong Liu, Zhi Guo, Zhi Guo, Zhi Guo

“…CD7-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown great promise in the treatment of relapsed/refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). …”
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Development a glycosylated extracellular vesicle-derived miRNA Signature for early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by Jianlin Chen, Yue Zheng, Zhen Wang, Qi Gao, Kun Hao, Xiongfeng Chen, Nantian Ke, Xiang Lv, Jiamiao Weng, Yuhong Zhong, Zhixin Huang, Miao Fu, Lilan Zhao, Fan Lin, Hui Mi, Haijun Tang, Chundong Yu, Yi Huang

“…Results The RiskscoreFuc−&Sia− effectively identified ESCC across all stages, demonstrating high AUC values in training (0.980), internal validation (0.957), and external multicentre validation (0.973) cohorts, markedly higher than carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (AUC = 0.769, training cohort; AUC = 0.749, internal validation cohort; AUC = 0.765, external validation cohort). …”
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Activated CD27+PD-1+ CD8 T Cells and CD4 T Regulatory Cells Dominate the Tumor Microenvironment in Refractory Celiac Disease Type II by Tessa Dieckman, Mette Schreurs, Ciska Lindelauf, Ahmed Mahfouz, Caroline R. Meijer, Louise Pigeaud, Vincent van Unen, Gerd Bouma, Frits Koning

“…Conclusion: RCDII is characterized by the simultaneous presence of an activated CD27+PD-1+ memory CD8αβ T cell subset and CD4 Tregs, suggesting that checkpoint blockade with anti-NKG2A/PD-1 and/or anticytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 may be an attractive treatment option.…”
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A self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine elicits effective neutralizing antibody response against EBV infection by Ping Li, Ping Li, Ziyi Jiang, Jingjing Shi, Haochuan Sha, Zihang Yu, Yan Zhao, Sanyang Han, Lan Ma, Lan Ma, Lan Ma

“…Most importantly, the L350–ferritin nanoparticle induced efficient neutralizing antibodies to block EBV-GFP infection in AKATA cells and also constructed a strong antigen-specific B-cell memory in immunized mice. …”
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Quantification of Pregenomic RNA and Covalently Closed Circular DNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Fugui Bai, Yoshihiko Yano, Takumi Fukumoto, Atsushi Takebe, Motofumi Tanaka, Kaori Kuramitsu, Nungki Anggorowati, Hanggoro Tri Rinonce, Dewiyani Indah Widasari, Masaya Saito, Hirotaka Hirano, Takanobu Hayakumo, Yasushi Seo, Takeshi Azuma, Yonson Ku, Yoshitake Hayashi

“…Thirty-eight hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, including 14 positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 24 negative for HBsAg but positive for anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) antibody, were enrolled in this study. …”
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Determination of HLA Tissue Type According to the Etiology of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure by Burcu KARAKUS TURAN, Fahri UCAR, Vural Taner YILMAZ, Yahya KILINC, Sule DARBAŞ ARAS, Huseyin KOCAK, Nurten SAYIN EKINCI, Bulent AYDINLI, Habibe Sema ARSLAN

“…This study aims to investigate the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles individuals with CKD and the different etiological subgroups of diesease. …”
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Establishment of an indirect ELISA method for detecting bovine coronavirus antibodies based on N protein by Qiang Liu, Xiaoxia Niu, Lingling Jiang, Gang Zhang, Pu Wang, Sinong Zhang, Weifeng Gao, Huichen Guo, Huichen Guo, Yujiong Wang, Yong Li

“…Reaction conditions were optimized using a checkerboard approach, with the optimal antigen concentration at 1.25 μg/mL and the optimal antibody dilution at 1:200, the cutoff value distinguishing negative and positive serum samples was 0.986. …”
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Predictors of Recurrence After Curative Surgery for Stage I Colon Cancer: Retrospective Cohort Analysis of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network Collab... by Giulia Turri, MD, Luigi Martinelli, MD, Daniela Rega, MD, Nicolò Tamini, MD, Lucia Paiano, MD, Simona Deidda, MD, QuocRiccardo Bao, MD, Laura Lorenzon, MD, PhD, Raffaele De Luca, MD, Caterina Foppa, MD, PhD, Valentina Mari, MD, Giovanni Taffurelli, MD, Arcangelo Picciariello, MD, PhD, Patrizia Marsanic, MD, Leandro Siragusa, MD, Francesco Bagolini, MD, Riccardo Nascimbeni, MD, Gianluca Rizzo, MD, PhD, Sara Vertaldi, MD, Michele Zuolo, MD, Giorgio Bianchi, MD, Lisa Marie Rorato, MD, Rossella Reddavid, MD, PhD, Gaetano Gallo, MD, PhD, Lorenzo Crepaz, MD, Alberto Di Leo, MD, Mario Trompetto, MD, Enrico Potenza, MD, Mauro Santarelli, MD, Nicola de’Angelis, MD, PhD, Francesco Ciarleglio, MD, Marco Milone, MD, PhD, Claudio Coco, MD, Guido Alberto Tiberio, MD, Gabriele Anania, MD, Giuseppe S. Sica, MD, PhD, Andrea Muratore, MD, Donato Francesco Altomare, MD, Isacco Montroni, MD, PhD, Maurizio De Luca, MD, Antonino Spinelli, MD, PhD, Michele Simone, MD, Roberto Persiani, MD, Gaya Spolverato, MD, Angelo Restivo, MD, Nicolò de Manzini, MD, Marco Braga, MD, Paolo Delrio, MD, Giuseppe Verlato, MD, PhD, Corrado Pedrazzani, MD, Adriana Gioia, Cristina Vacca, Dario Parini, Giovanni Tomasicchio, Marcello Calabrò, Bruno Sensi, Filomena Misuriello, Carlo Alberto Schena, Silvia Picotto

“…Also, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (P = 0.007) and tumor diameter (P < 0.001) were higher in the group who relapsed. …”
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Magnitude and dynamics of the T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection at both individual and population levels by Thomas M. Snyder, Rachel M. Gittelman, Mark Klinger, Damon H. May, Edward J. Osborne, Ruth Taniguchi, H. Jabran Zahid, Ian M. Kaplan, Jennifer N. Dines, Matthew T. Noakes, Ravi Pandya, Xiaoyu Chen, Summer Elasady, Emily Svejnoha, Peter Ebert, Mitchell W. Pesesky, Patricia De Almeida, Hope O’Donnell, Quinn DeGottardi, Gladys Keitany, Jennifer Lu, Allen Vong, Rebecca Elyanow, Paul Fields, Hussein Al-Asadi, Julia Greissl, Lance Baldo, Simona Semprini, Claudio Cerchione, Fabio Nicolini, Massimiliano Mazza, Ottavia M. Delmonte, Kerry Dobbs, Rocio Laguna-Goya, Gonzalo Carreño-Tarragona, Santiago Barrio, Luisa Imberti, Alessandra Sottini, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, Camillo Rossi, Andrea Biondi, Laura Rachele Bettini, Mariella D’Angio, Paolo Bonfanti, Miranda F. Tompkins, Camille Alba, Clifton Dalgard, Vittorio Sambri, Giovanni Martinelli, Jason D. Goldman, Jason D. Goldman, James R. Heath, Helen C. Su, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Estela Paz-Artal, Joaquin Martinez-Lopez, Bryan Howie, Jonathan M. Carlson, Harlan S. Robins

“…First, at the individual level, we deeply characterized 3 acutely infected and 58 recovered COVID-19 subjects by experimentally mapping their CD8 T-cell response through antigen stimulation to 545 Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I presented viral peptides. …”
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Chimeric cytokine receptor TGF-β RⅡ/IL-21R improves CAR-NK cell function by reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer by Yaojun Ren, Min Xue, Xinhui Hui, Xiuyu Liu, Muhammad Asad Farooq, Yiran Chen, Yuzhou Ji, Yixin Duan, Iqra Ajmal, Jie Yao, Wenzheng Jiang

“…Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in the body’s anti-cancer defense, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–NK cell therapy is gaining attention as a cutting-edge and promising treatment method. …”
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Serum hsa-miR-22-3p, hsa-miR-885-5p, Lipase-to-Amylase Ratio, C-Reactive Protein, CA19-9, and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Factors in Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Ade... by Jakub Wnuk, Dorota Hudy, Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk, Łukasz Michalecki, Kamil Dybek, Iwona Gisterek-Grocholska

“…Other prognostic factors such as lipase-to-amylase ratio (LAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were also evaluated in this study. …”
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Network Medicine‐Based Strategy Identifies Maprotiline as a Repurposable Drug by Inhibiting PD‐L1 Expression via Targeting SPOP in Cancer by Saisai Tian, Mengting Xu, Xiangxin Geng, Jiansong Fang, Hanchen Xu, Xinying Xue, Hongmei Hu, Qing Zhang, Dianping Yu, Mengmeng Guo, Hongwei Zhang, Jinyuan Lu, Chengyang Guo, Qun Wang, Sanhong Liu, Weidong Zhang

“…Due to the limitations and certain side effects of current ICIs, such as programmed death protein‐1, programmed cell death‐ligand 1, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) antibodies, there is an urgent need to find new drugs with ICP inhibitory effects. …”
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