Repeated Long-Term DT Application in the DEREG Mouse Induces a Neutralizing Anti-DT Antibody Response by Junhua Wang, Myriam Siffert, Markus Spiliotis, Bruno Gottstein

“…Regulatory T (Tregs) cells play an important role in mediating tolerance to self-antigens but can also mediate detrimental tolerance to tumours and pathogens in a Foxp3-dependent manner. …”
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Conflict Resolution Strategy Based on Flight Conflict Network Optimal Dominating Set by Minggong Wu, Wenda Yang, Kexin Bi, Xiangxi Wen, Jianping Li

“…In the process of solving the optimal dominating set of the network, we introduce the immune mechanism based on the particle swarm algorithm (PSO) and ensure the priority deployment of a critical aircraft and high-risk conflicts by setting two types of antigens, nodes and connected edges. Compared with the traditional method, the conflict resolution strategy presented in this paper is able to quickly identify key aircraft nodes in the network and has better sensitivity to high-risk conflict edges, which can provide controllers and the control system with a more accurate and reliable suggestion to resolve the flight conflicts macroscopically.…”
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Promising Markers in the Context of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Subpopulations with Unique Properties by Agnieszka Smolinska, Aleksandra Bzinkowska, Paulina Rybkowska, Magdalena Chodkowska, Anna Sarnowska

“…In this review article, we attempted to identify such outstanding populations according to the specific surface antigens or intracellular markers. Described groups were characterized depending on their specialization and potential therapeutic application. …”
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Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Genetically Selected Mouse Lines: Genetic Linkage with Quantitative Trait Locus Controlling Antibody Response by Francisca Vorraro, Wafa H. K. Cabrera, Orlando G. Ribeiro, José Ricardo Jensen, Marcelo De Franco, Olga M. Ibañez, Nancy Starobinas

“…Trypanosoma cruzi infection was studied in mouse lines selected for maximal (AIRmax) or minimal (AIRmin) acute inflammatory reaction and for high (HIII) or low (LIII) antibody (Ab) responses to complex antigens. Resistance was associated with gender (females) and strain—the high responder lines AIRmax and HIII were resistant. …”
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Elucidating the Role of the T Cell Receptor Repertoire in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms and Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Georgios Petros Barakos, Vasileios Georgoulis, Epameinondas Koumpis, Eleftheria Hatzimichael

“…T cells, as integral components of the adaptive immune system, recognize diverse antigens through unique T cell receptors (TCRs). To achieve this, during T cell maturation, the thymus generates a wide repertoire of TCRs. …”
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Enhanced Immunogenicity and Affinity with A35R-Fc-Based Chimeric Protein Compared to MPXV A35R Protein by Shimeng Bai, Yanxin Cui, Qibin Liao, Hongyang Yi, Zhonghui Liao, Gengwei Zhang, Fenfang Wu, Hongzhou Lu

“…These results support the potential of Fc domain chimeric antigens as a strategy to enhance the efficacy of subunit vaccines targeting the MPXV.…”
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Age-related Changes in p56lck Protein Levels and Phenotypic Distribution of T Lymphocytes in Young Rats by Heather J. Hosea, Edward S. Rector, Carla G. Taylor

“…T-cell numbers remained proportional to body weight in the lymphoid organs; however, the lower absolute number of T-cells in the younger rats might indicate that they are less able to respond to antigens.…”
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Overview of Celiac Disease in Russia: Regional Data and Estimated Prevalence by Lyudmila V. Savvateeva, Svetlana I. Erdes, Anton S. Antishin, Andrey A. Zamyatnin

“…As an autoimmune disease, CD is manifested in the small intestine in the form of a progressive and reversible inflammatory lesion due to immune response to self-antigens. Indeed, CD is one of the most challenging medicosocial problems in current gastroenterology. …”
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Far beyond Phagocytosis: Phagocyte-Derived Extracellular Traps Act Efficiently against Protozoan Parasites In Vitro and In Vivo by Liliana M. R. Silva, Tamara Muñoz-Caro, Rafael A. Burgos, Maria A. Hidalgo, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla

“…ETs are released in response to intact protozoan parasites or to parasite-specific antigens in a controlled cell death process. Released ETs consist of nuclear DNA as backbone adorned with histones, antimicrobial peptides, and phagocyte-specific granular enzymes thereby producing a sticky extracellular matrix capable of entrapping and killing pathogens. …”
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Immunological responses in patients with tuberculosis and in vivo effects of acetyl-L-carnitine oral administration by Emilio Jirillo, Maria Altamura, Carlo Marcuccio, Cosimo Tortorella, Claudio De Simone, Salvatore Antonaci

“…In this respect, acquired resistance, delayed hypersensitivity reaction and anergy are the main types of immune reactivity to mycobacterial antigens. In view of the presence of nonspecific and specific immune deficits in TBC patients, a clinical trial was carried out in a group of 20 individuals with active pulmonary TBC by oral administration of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC). …”
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Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) as an Uncommon Extraintestinal Complication of Crohn’s Disease: Case Vignette and Systematic Literature Review by Raisa Epistola, Tiffanie Do, Ritika Vankina, Daniel Wu, James Yeh, Michael W. Fleischman, Jennifer M. Lee

“…Previous reports postulated that the mechanism of ITP in CD was through the presence of circulating immune complexes in the serum and antigenic mimicry due to increased mucosal permeability in active colitis, versus increased mucosal production of TH1-type proinflammatory cytokines during CD flares, which may account for remission of ITP with surgery for CD. …”
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Intestinal Permeability Assays: a Review by A. A. Iakupova, S. R. Abdulkhakov, R. K. Zalyalov, A. G. Safin, R. A. Abdulkhakov

“…The intestinal barrier integrity and permeability assays differ by the application setting (in vivo or ex vivo), subject (human or animal), marker molecules used to assess permeability (ions, various size carbohydrates, macromolecules, antigens, bacterial products and bacteria), biomaterial for the marker concentration assays (peripheral blood, portal venous blood, urine, stool). …”
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The Prevalence of Autoantibodies in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I by Maaike Dirckx, Marco W. J. Schreurs, Marissa de Mos, Dirk L. Stronks, Frank J. P. M. Huygen

“…Antineuronal antibodies are autoantibodies directed against antigens in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. …”
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Structurally convergent antibodies derived from different vaccine strategies target the influenza virus HA anchor epitope with a subset of VH3 and VK3 genes by Ting-Hui Lin, Chang-Chun David Lee, Monica L. Fernández-Quintero, James A. Ferguson, Julianna Han, Xueyong Zhu, Wenli Yu, Jenna J. Guthmiller, Florian Krammer, Patrick C. Wilson, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson

“…Abstract H1N1 influenza viruses are responsible for both seasonal and pandemic influenza. The continual antigenic shift and drift of these viruses highlight the urgent need for a universal influenza vaccine to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). …”
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How the Knowledge of Interactions between Meningococcus and the Human Immune System Has Been Used to Prepare Effective Neisseria meningitidis Vaccines by R. Gasparini, D. Panatto, N. L. Bragazzi, P. L. Lai, A. Bechini, M. Levi, P. Durando, D. Amicizia

“…Nowadays different licensed meningococcal vaccines are available and used: conjugate meningococcal C vaccines, tetravalent conjugate vaccines, an affordable conjugate vaccine against the N. menigitidis serogroup A, and universal vaccines based on multiple antigens each one with a different and peculiar function against meningococcal group B strains.…”
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PI3K Functions in Cancer Progression, Anticancer Immunity and Immune Evasion by Tumors by Francesco Dituri, Antonio Mazzocca, Gianluigi Giannelli, Salvatore Antonaci

“…The immunological surveillance of tumors relies on a specific recognition of cancer cells and their associate antigens by leucocytes of innate and adaptive immune responses. …”
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Antibody-Mediated Rejection and Sponge Effect in a Redo Lung Transplant Recipient by Ashwini Arjuna, Michael T. Olson, Sofya Tokman, Rajat Walia, Thalachallour Mohanakumar, A. Samad Hashimi, Michael A. Smith, Ross M. Bremner, Ashraf Omar

“…Antibody-mediated rejection of lung transplant allografts is usually caused by donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) directed toward donor human leukocyte antigens (HLAs). Typically, patients with antibody-mediated rejection have significantly higher circulating DSAs and increased mean fluorescence intensity than those without antibody-mediated rejection. …”
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Recombinant expression systems for production of stabilised virus-like particles as next-generation polio vaccines by Lee Sherry, Mohammad W. Bahar, Claudine Porta, Helen Fox, Keith Grehan, Veronica Nasta, Helen M. E. Duyvesteyn, Luigi De Colibus, Johanna Marsian, Inga Murdoch, Daniel Ponndorf, Seong-Ryong Kim, Sachin Shah, Sarah Carlyle, Jessica J. Swanson, Sue Matthews, Clare Nicol, George P. Lomonossoff, Andrew J. Macadam, Elizabeth E. Fry, David I. Stuart, Nicola J. Stonehouse, David J. Rowlands

“…Using our previously established genetic techniques to stabilize the structural capsid proteins, we demonstrate production of poliovirus VLPs of all three serotypes, from four different recombinant expression systems. We compare the antigenicity, thermostability and immunogenicity of these stabilized VLPs against the current inactivated polio vaccine, demonstrating equivalent or superior immunogenicity in female Wistar rats. …”
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Potential Usefulness of Streptococcus pneumoniae Extracellular Membrane Vesicles as Antibacterial Vaccines by Chi-Won Choi, Edmond Changkyun Park, Sung Ho Yun, Sang-Yeop Lee, Seung Il Kim, Gun-Hwa Kim

“…These results suggest that S. pneumoniae EMVs or their individual immunogenic antigens may be useful as new vaccine agents.…”
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Delirious Mania Associated with Autoimmune Gastrothyroidal Syndrome of a Mid-Life Female: The Role of Hashimoto Encephalopathy and a 3-Year Follow-Up including Serum Autoantibody L... by Udo Bonnet, Claudia Selle, Ralf Kuhlmann

“…Diagnostic analyses found no evidence of limbic encephalopathies characterized by serum antibodies against intracellular, synaptic, or further cell surface antigenic targets, neoplasm, and connective tissue or vasculitis diseases. …”
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