Coproantigen detection and molecular identification of Cryptosporidium species among newborn and adult farm animals by Dina Aboelsoued, Nagwa I. Toaleb, Kadria N. Abdel Megeed

“…Then, C. parvum oocysts were used for preparation of antigens and rabbit immunization. Anti-C. parvum IgG PAbs were purified and characterized by SDS-PAGE and then labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). …”
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High-speed centrifugation reduces immune rejection by removing bone marrow elements from fresh osteochondral allografts by Yongsheng Ma, Wenming Yang, Qitai Lin, Meiming Li, Zehao Li, Yugang Xing, Lei Wei, Wangping Duan, Xiaochun Wei

“…Lipids were the most abundant and difficult-to-remove antigenic components and are the most likely to affect host macrophage polarisation, playing an important role in immune rejection. …”
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Cold Agglutinin Disease Unfurled in Laboratory and Blood Bank: A Little Poignant Observation Can Speak a Lot! by Archana Shetty, Gurudatta Murthy, Bharadwaj Golithadka

“…Autoimmune hemolytic anemias (AIHAs) are hemolytic anemias characterized by the production of autoantibodies against surface antigens on red blood cells. Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a relatively rare subcategory of AIHA, affecting mainly the middle-aged with anemia often being the presenting symptom. …”
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Role of Regulatory T Cells in Pathogenesis and Biological Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis by Milan Buc

“…It is caused by an autoimmune response to self-antigens in a genetically susceptible individual induced by unknown environmental factors. …”
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Current Concepts of Immunology and Diagnosis in Amniotic Fluid Embolism by Michael D. Benson

“…Perhaps the most compelling mystery surrounding AFE is not why one in 20,000 parturients are afflicted, but rather how the vast majority of women can tolerate the foreign antigenic presence of their fetus both within their uterus and circulation?…”
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Signal and modulating role of enzymes of digestive glands by G. F. Korotko

“…The role of enzymes of digestive glands is not limited to depolymerisation of nutrients, inactivation of antigens and bacteriostatic action. They carry out also signaling role in modulation of exo- and endocrine secretions of digestive glands and motor activity of gastro-intestinal tract. …”
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The Role of the Aceullular Pertussis Vaccine and the Comeback of 'Pertussis Pete'? by John M Conly, B Lynn Johnston

“…Until two decades ago, pertussis in adults was a medical curiosity (2-4), but with the purification of specific Bordetella species antigens, the development of reliable enzyme immunoassays allowing accurate serological diagnosis and better understanding of the duration of immunity from vaccination, it has been clearly demonstrated that B pertussis is a common cause of prolonged cough in adults. …”
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Novel ZAP-70-Related Immunodeficiency Presenting with Epstein–Barr Virus Lymphoproliferative Disorder and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis by Moriah Forster, Timothy Moran, Anne Beaven, Timothy Voorhees

“…Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP-70) plays an integral role in the T-cell antigenic receptor complex. A deficiency of this kinase leads to a phenotype of severe combined immunodeficiency, while hypomorphic mutations of the kinase lead to more mild immunodeficiency phenotypes. …”
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Vectors, Hosts, and the Possible Risk Factors Associated with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome by Jin-Na Wang, Tian-Qi Li, Qin-Mei Liu, Yu-Yan Wu, Ming-Yu Luo, Zhen-Yu Gong

“…Many studies have identified antigens and antibodies against SFTSV in various animals such as sheep, goats, cattle, and rodents. …”
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The Evolution of Radiation Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer: From Local Therapy to Systemic Agent by Jessica M. S. Jutzy, Jeffrey M. Lemons, Jason J. Luke, Steven J. Chmura

“…Through the release of tumor antigens, tumor DNA, and cytokines into the tumor microenvironment, radiation augments the antitumoral immune response to affect both the targeted lesion and distant sites of metastatic disease. …”
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T Lymphocyte Autoreactivity in Inflammatory Mechanisms Regulating Atherosclerosis by Elisabetta Profumo, Brigitta Buttari, Luciano Saso, Raffaele Capoano, Bruno Salvati, Rachele Riganò

“…Many studies conducted to evaluate the molecular factors responsible for the activation of T cells have demonstrated that the main antigenic targets in atherosclerosis are modified endogenous structures. …”
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The Immunotherapeutic Effect of SIRPα-Silenced DCs against Cervical Cancer by Xiaojie Li, Wenying Zhou, Yanlan Liang, Changzhi Xu, Zhizhi Xie, Jiayin Liang, Bo Hu

“…The SIRPα knockdown in DCs that were pulsed with a modified HPV16E7 (HPV16mE7) protein with enhanced antigenicity and reduced transformation activity results in increased cytokine (TNF-α/IL-12/IL-6) secretion, IFN-γ secretion by T lymphocytes, and in vitro/in vivo tumoricidal activity against cervical cancer cells. …”
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Chemical Stabilisation of Collagen as a Biomimetic by R. Gordon Paul, Allen J. Bailey

“…Collagen is the most abundant protein in animals and because of its high mechanical strength and good resistance to degradation has been utilized in a wide range of products in industry whilst its low antigenicity has resulted in its widespread use in medicine. …”
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Potential of Peptides as Inhibitors and Mimotopes: Selection of Carbohydrate-Mimetic Peptides from Phage Display Libraries by Teruhiko Matsubara

“…In addition, the pathogenic capsular polysaccharides of bacteria are carbohydrate antigens, for which a safe and efficacious method of vaccination is required. …”
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Allergen-Induced Asthma by Donald W Cockcroft

“…It was only in the late 19th century that specific allergens, pollen, animal antigens and, later, house dust mite, were identified to cause upper and lower airway disease. …”
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Identification of Specific Cell Surface Markers on Immune Cells of Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) by Bharti P. Nehete, Ashley DeLise, Pramod N. Nehete

“…However, there are very few antibody reagents relevant for delineating the different immune cell subsets based on nonhuman primate antigens directly or with cross-reactivity to those in humans. …”
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Advances in Immunotherapy for Melanoma: A Comprehensive Review by Carmen Rodríguez-Cerdeira, Miguel Carnero Gregorio, Adriana López-Barcenas, Elena Sánchez-Blanco, Beatriz Sánchez-Blanco, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Brunilda Bardhi, Ardiana Sinani, Roberto Arenas Guzman

“…Cancer-specific active immunotherapy is an experimental form of treatment that stimulates the immune system to recognize antigens on the surface of cancer cells. Current experimental approaches in immunotherapy include vaccines, biochemotherapy, and the transfer of adoptive T cells and dendritic cells. …”
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Toll-Like Receptor 2 as a Regulator of Oral Tolerance in the Gastrointestinal Tract by Matthew C. Tunis, Jean S. Marshall

“…Although TLR2 is abundant in the mucosal environment, little is known about the complex relationship between bystander TLR2 activation by the commensal microflora and the processing of oral antigens. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between TLR2 and oral tolerance, with an emphasis on regulatory T cells, eosinophils, B cells, IgA, intestinal regulation, and commensal microbes.…”
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Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunity: Human Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells Enhance CD40 Expression and HMGB-1 Secretion by Shirin Kalyan, Anthony W. Chow

“…The main subset of human peripheral blood γδ T cells responds to nonpeptidic antigens, such as isopentylpyrophosphate (IPP), a metabolite in the mevalonate pathway for both eukaryote and prokaryote cells. …”
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Unraveling the Effect of Immunogenicity on the PK/PD, Efficacy, and Safety of Therapeutic Proteins by Alison Smith, Hugh Manoli, Stacey Jaw, Kimberley Frutoz, Alan L. Epstein, Leslie A. Khawli, Frank-Peter Theil

“…We set out to describe what is known and unknown about the mechanisms underlying the interplay between antigenicity and immune response and their effect on the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of these therapeutic agents.…”
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