Regulating Immune Responses Induced by PEGylated Messenger RNA–Lipid Nanoparticle Vaccine by Hyein Jo, Jaewhoon Jeoung, Wonho Kim, Dooil Jeoung

“…After an mRNA-LNP vaccine enters a cell via an endosome, mRNA is translated into an antigen, which can activate adaptive immunity. mRNAs can bind to various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including toll-like receptors (TLRs), and increase the production of inflammatory cytokines. …”
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Serological monitoring of avian influenza and Newcastle disease in the Russian Federation in 2019 by M. A. Volkova, I. A. Chvala, O. S. Osipova, M. A. Kulagina, D. B. Andreychuk, I. A. Chvala

“…The detected antibodies were specific to the haemagglutinin subtype of the vaccine antigen. As for the backyards in the RF Subjects, where scheduled vaccination against avian influenza A/H5 is carried out, a low level of immunity was seen in the Rostov and Astrakhan Oblasts (35 and 44%, respectively) while a high level of immunity was observed in the Republic of Altai, Krasnodar Krai, the Chechen Republic and the Primorsky Krai (69, 78, 80 and 88%, respectively). …”
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Modification of Cɛ mRNA Expression by EBV-Encoded Latent Membrane Protein 1 by Kazuhiko Hanashiro, Shigeto Ohta, Masanori Sunagawa, Mariko Nakamura, Mikio Suzuki, Tadayoshi Kosugi

“…To evaluate the effect of expression of latent membrane protein (LMP) 1 encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) on Cɛ mRNA expression, mRNA levels were examined by RT-PCR or Northern blot analysis upon transient transfection of LMP1 in the splenocytes derived from Brown-Norway rats with or without immunization with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-conjugated Ascaris suum antigen. Splenocytes were transfected with LMP1 expression vector, pSG5-LMP1, using lipofection method. …”
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Cholestatic Hepatocellular Injury with Azathioprine: A Case Report and Review of the Mechanisms of Hepatotoxicity by Joseph Romagnuolo, DC Sadowski, E Lalor, L Jewell, ABR Thomson

“…The strong association with male sex, and perhaps with human leukocyte antigen type, suggests a genetic predisposition of unknown type. …”
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Can Primary Cardiac Myxofibrosarcoma Grow Quickly from Zero to a Size Leading to Left-Sided Heart Failure within 9 Months? by Levan Karazanishvili, Eduard Limonjiani

“…Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), desmin, calretinin, Ki67, Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA), and S100. …”
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Genetic analysis of a serologically weak D phenotype caused by the p. R191G variant of the RHAG gene by ZHANG Xu, LI Xiaofeng, LI Jianping

“…R191Q leads to serologically weak D expression, but does not affect RhCE antigen expression.…”
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Prediction of biochemical prostate cancer recurrence from any Gleason score using robust tissue structure and clinically available information by Laura E. Marin, Daniel I. Zavaleta-Guzman, Jessyca I. Gutierrez-Garcia, Daniel Racoceanu, Fanny L. Casado

“…Abstract Biopsy information and protein Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels are the most robust information available to oncologists worldwide to diagnose and decide therapies for prostate cancer patients. …”
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Fibrinogen and Albumin Score Changes during Preoperative Treatment Can Predict Prognosis in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer by Meng-Jun Tang, Shu-Bo Ding, Wang-Yuan Hu

“…In multivariate analysis, changes in FA scores, pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, and pathologic differentiation were independent prognostic parameters for DFS and changes in FA scores and pretreatment CEA levels were independent prognostic parameters for OS. …”
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Blood Borne Viral Infections in Transplantation: Hepatitis Viruses and Retroviruses by RP Bryce Larke

“…Determination of I-IIV-1 p24 antigen may facilitate identification of prospective organ donors in ll1e window period of early infection and may enhance serological follow-up of allograft recipients al risk of transplantation-associated HIV-1 infection. …”
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Perbedaan Rerata Kadar Progesterone-Induced Blocking Factor (PIBF) Serum Penderita Abortus Iminens dengan Kehamilan Normal by Defrin Defrin, Andri Ardinal, Erkadius Erkadius

“…Progesterone-Induced Blocking Factor (PIBF) merupakan suatu mediator yang diproduksi oleh limfosit wanita hamil yang telah mengalami sensitisasi oleh progesterone, yang menyebabkan terjadinya toleransi terhadap antigen paternal sehingga dapat menekan produksi sitokin-sitokin Th-1 yang bersifat sitotoksis terhadap kehamilan. …”
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Induction of Humoral and Cellular Immunity by Intradermal Delivery of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Using Dissolvable Microneedles by Chaiyaporn Kuwentrai, Jinming Yu, Bao-zhong Zhang, Ye-fan Hu, Ying Dou, Hua-rui Gong, Jian-Dong Huang, Chenjie Xu

“…This article reports the intradermal delivery of NP antigen using dissolvable microneedle skin patches that could induce both significant B cell and T cell responses.…”
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A Multiagent Alphavirus DNA Vaccine Delivered by Intramuscular Electroporation Elicits Robust and Durable Virus-Specific Immune Responses in Mice and Rabbits and Completely Protect... by Lesley C. Dupuy, Michelle J. Richards, Brian D. Livingston, Drew Hannaman, Connie S. Schmaljohn

“…Previously, we demonstrated that a VEEV DNA vaccine that was optimized for increased antigen expression and delivered by intramuscular (IM) electroporation (EP) elicited robust and durable virus-specific antibody responses in multiple animal species and provided complete protection against VEEV aerosol challenge in mice and nonhuman primates. …”
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Artificial 64-Residue HIV-1 Enhancer-Binding Peptide Is a Potent Inhibitor of Viral Replication in HIV-1-Infected Cells by Mouhssin Oufir, Leslie R. Bisset, Stefan R. K. Hoffmann, Gongda Xue, Stephan Klauser, Bianca Bergamaschi, Alain Gervaix, Jürg Böni, Jörg Schüpbach, Bernd Gutte

“…An artificial HIV-1 enhancer-binding peptide was extended by nine consecutive arginine residues at the C-terminus and by the nuclear localization signal of SV40 large T antigen at the N-terminus. The resulting synthetic 64-residue peptide was found to bind to the two enhancers of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat, cross the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope of human cells, and suppress the HIV-1 enhancer-controlled expression of a green fluorescent protein reporter gene. …”
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Viral and Nonviral Engineering of Natural Killer Cells as Emerging Adoptive Cancer Immunotherapies by Sandro Matosevic

“…Alongside expressing chimeric antigen receptors to overcome immune escape by cancer cells, enhance their recognition, and mediate their killing, NK cells have been genetically modified to enhance their persistence in vivo by the expression of cytokines such as IL-15, avoid functional and metabolic tumor microenvironment suppression, or improve their homing ability, enabling enhanced targeting of solid tumors. …”
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Optical Imaging of Cellular Immunotherapy against Prostate Cancer by Sidhartha Tavri, Priyanka Jha, Reinhard Meier, Tobias D. Henning, Tina Müller, Daniel Hostetter, Christiane Knopp, Magnus Johansson, Verena Reinhart, Sophie Boddington, Akhilesh Sista, Winfried S. Wels, Heike E. Daldrup-Link

“…NK-92-scFv(MOC31)-zeta cells targeted to the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antigen on prostate cancer cells and nontargeted NK-92 parental cells were labeled with the near-infrared dye DiD (1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine). …”
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Engineered T Cells for the Adoptive Therapy of B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia by Philipp Koehler, Patrick Schmidt, Andreas A. Hombach, Michael Hallek, Hinrich Abken

“…Cytolytic T cells from patients are redirected towards CLL cells by ex vivo engineering with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) which binds to CD19 on CLL cells through an antibody-derived domain and triggers T cell activation through CD3ζ upon tumor cell engagement. …”
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Magnetic Resonance Image-Guided Biopsies with a High Detection Rate of Prostate Cancer by Dirk G. Engehausen, Karl Engelhard, Siegfried A. Schwab, Michael Uder, Sven Wach, Bernd Wullich, F. Steffen Krause

“…When stratifying patients according to the free-to-total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ratio, the prostate cancer discovery rate was significantly higher in the group with ratios less than 0.15 (57.1%). …”
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Enitociclib, a selective CDK9 inhibitor: in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies in multiple myeloma by Son Tran, Patrick Sipila, Melanie M. Frigault, Beatrix Stelte-Ludwig, Amy J. Johnson, Joseph Birkett, Raquel Izumi, Ahmed Hamdy, Ranjan Maity, Nizar J. Bahlis, Paola Neri, Aru Narendran

“…Enitociclib inhibited the phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II at Ser2/Ser5 and repressed the protein expression of oncogenes c-Myc, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in MM cells. Additionally, enitociclib demonstrated synergistic effects with several anti-MM agents, including bortezomib, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, and venetoclax. …”
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A Case of Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome Resulting from an Invasive Pneumococcal Infection in a Patient with a Hypoplastic Spleen by Kazumasa Emori, Nobuhiro Takeuchi, Junichi Soneda

“…A rapid urinary pneumococcal antigen test was also found to be positive. After admission to the intensive care unit, extensive treatment, including polymyxin-B direct hemoperfusion and administration of methylprednisolone and broad spectrum antibiotics was immediately initiated. …”
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ErbB- and MUC1-targeted CAR-T cell immunotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma by Saffron E. Summers, Saffron E. Summers, Vehid Salih, Andrew D. Foey

“…Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown great success in treating B cell malignancies; however, there are many challenges that limit their therapeutic efficacy in solid tumours. …”
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