Application of Bionanomaterials in Tumor Immune Microenvironment Therapy by Jiawei Wang, Yan Bao, Yandan Yao

“…Immune checkpoint blockade therapy and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy are clinically effective in a variety of cancers. …”
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Antibody-Mediated Rejection: Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment, and Outcomes by Olivia R. Blume, Sarah E. Yost, Bruce Kaplan

“…It is important to have an understanding of human-leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing including well-designed studies to determine anti-MHC-class-I-related chain A (MICA) and antibody rejection pathogenesis. …”
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The distrubution of immune system cells in bursa of fabricius of partridge (alectoris chukar) by Mehmet Erdem Akbalık, Serkan Erdoğan, Berna Güney Saruhan, Hakan Sağsöz

“…In the process of creating a functional B lymphocyte, the cells acquire the necessary receptor property to recognize the antigen, major histocompatibility complex and adhesion molecules in this organ. …”
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The Effects of TLR Activation on T-Cell Development and Differentiation by Bo Jin, Tao Sun, Xiao-Hong Yu, Ying-Xiang Yang, Anthony E. T. Yeo

“…Invading pathogens have unique molecular signatures that are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) resulting in either activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and/or costimulation of T cells inducing both innate and adaptive immunity. …”
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The Metabolic Features of Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Opportunities for Immunotherapy? by Sonja S. Mojsilovic, Slavko Mojsilovic, Victor H. Villar, Juan F. Santibanez

“…Also, new macrophage-based cell therapeutic technologies recently developed using chimeric antigen receptor bioengineering are exposed, which may overcome all solid tumor physical barriers impeding the current adoptive cell therapies and contribute to developing novel cancer immunotherapies.…”
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Desensitization: Overcoming the Immunologic Barriers to Transplantation by Supreet Sethi, Jua Choi, Mieko Toyoda, Ashley Vo, Alice Peng, Stanley C. Jordan

“…HLA (Human Leucocyte Antigen) sensitization is a significant barrier to successful kidney transplantation. …”
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Biometallic ions and derivatives: a new direction for cancer immunotherapy by Lin Zhao, Yajun Gui, Jing Cai, Xiangying Deng

“…Biometallic ions (e.g. zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, etc.) can assist in enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy through the activation of immune cells, enhancement of tumor antigen presentation, and improvement of the tumor microenvironment. …”
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Therapeutic implications for the PD-1 axis in cerebrovascular injury by James Feghali, Christopher M. Jackson

“…Classically, PD-L1 on antigen-presenting cells or tissues binds PD-1 on T cell surfaces resulting in T cell inhibition. …”
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Genetic Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cholangitis by Satoru Joshita, Takeji Umemura, Eiji Tanaka, Masao Ota

“…Although the etiology of PBC has not yet been elucidated, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles have been consistently associated with disease onset for decades. …”
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A Patient with Double-Negative VGKC, Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability, and Central Nervous System Symptoms: A Postinfectious Autoimmune Disease by Birte Eikeland

“…It is still unknown whether or not there are unidentified extracellular molecular targets within the VGKC-complex, i.e., a novel surface antigen and a pathogenic antibody that can cause affected individuals to develop a peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome. …”
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Local and Systemic Antibody Responses in Humans with Helicobacter pylori Infection by Thomas G Blanchard, John G Nedrud, Steven J Czinn

“…The most dominant antigen was approximately 66 kDa in molecular mass. …”
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Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis Complicating Typhoid Fever in a Teenager by P. O. Okunola, G. E. Ofovwe, M. T. Abiodun, C. P. Azunna

“…Urine test for Salmonella typhi Vi antigen was positive, and Widal reaction was significant. …”
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Refractory and Relapsing Laryngeal Edema Possibly Associated With Chronic Tonsillitis and Mycoplasma Infection, Requiring Reintubation and Tracheostomy by Yutaka Tsukamoto, Takashi Sugimoto, Masataka Umeda, Yuki Furuse, Haruo Yoshida, Yuka Nagae, Yasuo Ohsato, Yukitaka Ueki, Maeda Takahiro, Koya Ariyoshi

“…Potential causes of this patient’s relapsing epiglottitis are as follows: persistent right swollen tonsil; a positive result on a Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen test and a particle agglutination (PA) test, implicating chronic tonsillitis; and/or Mycoplasma infection. …”
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Positive and Negative Regulation of Cellular Immune Responses in Physiologic Conditions and Diseases by S. Viganò, M. Perreau, G. Pantaleo, A. Harari

“…In the presence of a pathogen, a specific and effective immune response must be induced and this leads to antigen-specific T-cell proliferation, cytokines production, and induction of T-cell differentiation toward an effector phenotype. …”
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Bispecific antibodies and CLEM: an analytical approach to advanced cell imaging for therapeutic strategies by Han-ul Kim, Young Kwan Kim

“…Abstract The development of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) represents a significant advancement in therapeutic antibody design, enabling the simultaneous targeting of two different antigens. This dual-targeting capability enhances therapeutic efficacy, particularly in complex diseases like cancer, where tumor heterogeneity presents a significant challenge for traditional treatments. …”
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Myeloid-Related Protein Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Charles J. Malemud

“…Engagement of TLRs by the MRP-8/-14 complex may be particularly important for activating antigen-presenting dendritic cells which regulate critical autoimmune responses that promote chronic synovitis characteristic of RA.…”
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The Potential Role of Liver Transplantation as a Treatment Option in Colorectal Liver Metastases by Pål-Dag Line, Morten Hagness, Svein Dueland

“…Strict selection criteria have not yet been well defined, but tumor load, response to chemotherapy, pretransplant carcinoembryonic antigen level, and time interval from resection of the primary tumor to transplant are all factors related to outcome. …”
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Perivascular Wall Tumor in the Brain of a Dog by Margaret Cohn-Urbach, Annie Chen, Gary Haldorson, Stephanie Thomovsky

“…On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells tested positive for vimentin and negative for factor VIII-related antigen, CD18, CD45, CD3, CD20, GFAP, S-100, and desmin. …”
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A Case of Hydrocele Stone with Its Composition Analysis by Masayoshi Zaitsu, Koji Mikami, Yuta Takeshima, Takumi Takeuchi

“…A 71-year-old man was diagnosed as stage D2 prostate cancer with his prostate-specific antigen 387 ng/ml. A white smooth stone of 11 mm in diameter was incidentally found moving freely in the right hydrocele space during castration. …”
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Point-of-Care Based Electrochemical Immunoassay for Epstein-Barr Virus Detection by Miao Yu, Ming Liu, Yuan Li

“…Directional immobilization of EBV antibody is achieved by high affinity binding of protein A to the Fc segment of antibody. When antigen specifically binds to antibody, the formation of immune complexes blocks electron transfer of [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- and is reflected in the detection of cyclic voltammetry/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. …”
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