Ipilimumab: A First-in-Class  T-Cell Potentiator for Metastatic Melanoma by Bartosz Chmielowski

“…Ipilimumab, a fully human anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 monoclonal antibody that potentiates antitumor T-cell responses, has demonstrated improved survival in previously treated and treatment-naïve patients with unresectable stage III/IV melanoma. …”
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T Cell Costimulatory Molecules in Anti-Viral Immunity: Potential Role in Immunotherapeutic Vaccines by Tania H Watts, Edward M Bertram, Jacob Bukczynski, Tao Wen

“…The activation of T cells requires both an antigen specific signal, involving the recognition of a peptide/major histocompatibility protein complex by the T cell receptor, as well as additional costimulatory signals. …”
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Study of Soluble HLA-G in Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection by Roberta Rizzo, Liliana Gabrielli, Daria Bortolotti, Valentina Gentili, Giulia Piccirilli, Angela Chiereghin, Claudia Pavia, Silvia Bolzani, Brunella Guerra, Giuliana Simonazzi, Francesca Cervi, Maria Grazia Capretti, Enrico Fainardi, Dario Di Luca, Maria Paola Landini, Tiziana Lazzarotto

“…Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a nonclassical HLA class I antigen that is expressed during pregnancy contributing to maternal-fetal tolerance. …”
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Dysfunctional β-cell autophagy induces β-cell stress and enhances islet immunogenicity by Matthew C. Austin, Charanya Muralidharan, Saptarshi Roy, Justin J. Crowder, Jon D. Piganelli, Amelia K. Linnemann, Amelia K. Linnemann

“…Defective β-cell autophagy induces ER stress, alters pathways of antigen production, and enhances MHC-I/HLA-I presentation to surveilling immune cells. …”
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Anti-HER2 biparatopic antibody KJ015 has near-native structure, functional balanced high affinity, and synergistic efficacy with anti-PD-1 treatment in vivo by Zheng Wang, Yu Liu, Yunxia Xu, Lin Lu, Zhen Zhu, Baojie Lv, Xin Fang, Yao Tang, Jinhua Wang, Yu Cheng, Ying Hu, Junwen Lou, Peican Wu, Chendan Liu, Yanjun Liu, Xin Zeng, Qing Xu

“…BpAbs bind two independent epitopes on the same antigen, which allows fine-tuning of mechanisms of action, including enhancement of on-target specificity and induction of strong antigen clustering due to the unique binding mode. …”
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RBD-displaying OMV nanovaccine boosts immunity against SARS-CoV-2 by Rang Feng, Ruo-Yi Xue, Chang Liu, Guo-Cheng Li, Yan Deng, Zhe Jin, Jing-Yi Liu, Shan-Shan Zhang, Hao Cheng, Man-Ying Guo, Quan-Ming Zou, Hai-Bo Li

“…Both intranasal and intramuscular immunization with OMV-RBD vaccine elicited robust antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. …”
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Novel banana lectin CAR-T cells to target pancreatic tumors and tumor-associated stroma by Malcolm K Brenner, Challice Bonifant, Norihiro Watanabe, Mary K McKenna, Daniel Brenner, Ada Ozcan, Maureen Legendre, Dafydd G Thomas, Christopher Ashwood, Richard D Cummings, David M Markovitz

“…Background Cell therapies for solid tumors are thwarted by the hostile tumor microenvironment (TME) and by heterogeneous expression of tumor target antigens. We address both limitations with a novel class of chimeric antigen receptors based on plant lectins, which recognize the aberrant sugar residues that are a ‘hallmark’ of both malignant and associated stromal cells. …”
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Schistosoma japonicum Infection in Treg-Specific USP21 Knockout Mice by Youxiang Zhang, De-Hui Xiong, Yangyang Li, Guina Xu, Baoxin Zhang, Yang Liu, Shan Zhang, Qing Huang, Simin Chen, Fansheng Zeng, Jingyi Guo, Bin Li, Zhiqiang Qin, Zuping Zhang

“…In USP21fl/flFOXP3Cre mice, levels of IFN-gamma, IL-4, anti-soluble egg antigen (SEA) IgG and anti-soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP) IgG increased in blood, as determined using ELISAs and multiplex fluorescent microsphere immunoassays, while the levels of IL-10, lL-17A, IL-23, IL-9, and anti-SEA IgM decreased. …”
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Modulation of Tumor Tolerance in Primary Central Nervous System Malignancies by Theodore S. Johnson, David H. Munn, Bernard L. Maria

“…Central nervous system tumors take advantage of the unique immunology of the CNS and develop exquisitely complex stromal networks that promote growth despite the presence of antigen-presenting cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. …”
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Role of Cytokines and Toll-Like Receptors in the Immunopathogenesis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome by Kishan Kumar Nyati, Kashi Nath Prasad

“…TLR genes may increase susceptibility to microbial infections; an attenuated immune response towards antigen and downregulation of cytokines occurs due to mutation in the gene. …”
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Breaching Biological Barriers: Protein Translocation Domains as Tools for Molecular Imaging and Therapy by Benjamin L. Franc, Stefanie J. Mandl, Zurab Siprashvili, Paul Wender, Christopher H. Contag

“…Cells have been labeled in culture using magnetic nanoparticles derivatized with a PTD and monitored in vivo to assess trafficking patterns relative to cells expressing a target antigen. In vivo imaging of PTD-mediated gene transfer to cells of the skin has been demonstrated in living animals. …”
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The Possible Correlation between the Patient's Immune Tolerance Level During Cesaerean Section and the Incidence of Subsequent Emergency Peripartum Hysterectomy by Lukasz Wicherek, Krystna Galazka

“…The level of CD3, CD56, CD25, and CD69 antigen immunoreactivity was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 26 decidual tissue samples. …”
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Current developments in personalized treatment strategies for elderly acute myelogenous leukemia patients by Xueting Hou, Jizhang Bao

“…Acute myelogenous leukemia(AML) is a life-threatening hematologic malignancy that predominantly affects the elderly.Currently, chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are the primary treatment modalities for AML, though their clinical application is limited in older patients.Recent years have seen the development of novel molecular targeted therapies, such as isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) and Feline macrophage stimulator-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitors, as well as individualized approaches like chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy.However, due to patient heterogeneity and drug resistance, treatment outcomes for elderly AML remain unsatisfactory, underscoring the need for more precise and safer individualized treatment strategies.The combination of chemotherapy with novel targeted or immunotherapies shows promise as a future treatment direction.This research reviews the latest advances in the treatment of elderly AML, with a focus on achieving more individualized and safer therapeutic approaches.…”
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C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Autoimmune Disease: Facts and Conjectures by Alexander J. Szalai

“…Less appreciated and not as well understood as CRP's ability to bind antigen and aid in the elimination of microbes, is its known ability to bind autoantigens and presumed capacity to promote clearance of apoptotic cells. …”
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Posttranslational Modifications and the Immunogenicity of Biotherapeutics by Roy Jefferis

“…Such ICs may be removed by phagocytic cells that have antigen presenting capacity. These considerations may frustrate the possibility of ameliorating the immunogenicity of mAbs by rigorous exclusion of aggregates from drug product. …”
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False Positive B-Cells Crossmatch after Prior Rituximab Exposure of the Kidney Donor by Judith Desoutter, Marie-Joëlle Apithy, Ségolène Bartczak, Nicolas Guillaume

“…An unexpected positive crossmatch may be obtained in recipients with an autoimmune disease or preexisting antibodies not detected by single-antigen bead array due to complement interference or who have been previously treated by desensitization protocols such as rituximab, antithymocyte globulin, or intravenous immunoglobulins. …”
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Immune Privilege as an Intrinsic CNS Property: Astrocytes Protect the CNS against T-Cell-Mediated Neuroinflammation by Ulrike Gimsa, N. Avrion Mitchison, Monika C. Brunner-Weinzierl

“…Depending on the microenvironment, they may become potent antigen-presenting cells for T cells and they may contribute to inflammatory processes. …”
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DEVELOPMENT AND BASIC FEATURES OF INDIRECT ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY FOR DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES AGAINST PORCINE EPIDEMIC DIARRHEA by A. V. Kanshina, A. S. Yakovleva, Ye. S. Orlova, A. V. Scherbakov

“…Spread of porcine epidemic diarrhea and its increased threat for the pig industry necessitate development of advanced techniques for the disease diagnosis. Use of recombinant antigens of the disease agent seems prospective. The recombinant antigen-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed for the detection of antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. …”
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Paraparesis and paraesthesia following a black ant sting by Norah Alobaid, Majed Alanazi, Sultan Aleshaiwi, Abdulrahman Alhassan

“…Several studies have linked these neurological complications to delayed immunological reactions that are triggered by insect antigen.…”
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Analysis of an HIV infection model incorporating latency age and infection age by Jinliang Wang, Xiu Dong

“…On one hand, activation of latently infected cells needs specificity antigen, and latently infected CD4+ T cells are often heterogeneous, which depends on how frequently they encountered antigens, how much time they need to be preferentially activated and quickly removed from the reservoir. …”
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