Vascularized Composite Allograft Rejection Is Delayed by Intrajejunal Treatment with Donor Splenocytes without Concomitant Immunosuppressants by Christopher Glenn Wallace, Chia-Hung Yen, Hsiang-Chen Yang, Chun-Yen Lin, Ren-Chin Wu, Wei-Chao Huang, Jeng-Yee Lin, Fu-Chan Wei

“…Mucosal or oral tolerance, an established method for inducing low-risk antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness, has not been investigated in vascularized composite allograft (VCA) research. …”
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Identification of CD8+ T Cell-Related Genes: Correlations with Immune Phenotypes and Outcomes of Liver Cancer by Qi Pan, Ying Cheng, Donghua Cheng

“…Because the factors in the coexpression network often participate in similar biological processes, we found that these factors were most related to antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen through functional enrichment. …”
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Primary Synovial Sarcoma of Kidney: A Rare Differential Diagnosis of Renomegaly by Gaurang Modi, Irappa Madabhavi, Harsha Panchal, Asha Anand, Apurva Patel, Sonia Parikh, Swaroop Revannasiddaiah

“…Biopsy of renal mass revealed poorly differentiated sarcoma and IHC was positive for vimentin, CD99, and BCL2 and negative for AE1, epithelial membrane antigen, and leukocyte common antigen. The patient was clinically inoperable as renal mass was encasing the aorta. …”
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Mechanism of modified mRNA structure in COVID-19 vaccines for inducing neutralizing antibodies by Sabighoh Zanjabila, Beti Ernawati Dewi

“…These vaccines also stimulate adaptive immune responses by activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with mRNA functioning as an endogenous antigen. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) present the vaccine antigens via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II pathways, with CD8+ T cells recognizing MHC class I and destroying infected cells, while CD4+ T cells recognize MHC class II and assist in B cell maturation and antibody production. …”
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Increased Apoptosis and Proliferative Capacity are Early Events in Cyst Formation in Autosomal-Dominant, Polycystic Kidney Disease by Salwa Ibrahim

“…The origin of cystic structures was evaluated using antibodies to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). The lineage of interstitial mononuclear cells was assessed by anti CD 45 and CD 68 monoclonal antibodies. …”
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Hib Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives by Adi Essam Zarei, Hussein A. Almehdar, Elrashdy M. Redwan

“…Adjuvants, molecules that can enhance and/or regulate the fundamental immunogenicity of an antigen, comprise a wide range of diverse compounds. …”
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Platelet-activating factor: an inflammatory mediator in the acute phase of allergic conjunctivitis in a guinea-pig model by F. Meijer, J. L. van Delft, N. J. van Haeringen

“…BN 2021, although to a lesser extent, showed a similar effect towards the vascular permeability (26.8%) and the clinical score (28%) after antigen provocation. When BN 52021 and levocabastine were administered in combination, the vascular permeability was significantly decreased after antigen challenge in comparison with eyes pretreated with levocabastine alone. …”
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Hyperhemolysis Syndrome without Underlying Hematologic Disease by Lauren Anne Eberly, Diaa Osman, Nathaniel Perryman Collins

“…Indirect antiglobulin test was positive for anti-Jka alloantibodies. The presence of Jka antigen was revealed in one unit of previously transfused blood; patient’s RBCs were negative for the Jka antigen. …”
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Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentrations in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Association With Histological Grade in a Chinese Population by Ying-Ying Cao PhD, Xiao-Jing Lv MD, Hui Li PhD, Li-Chao Qian PhD, Hai-Peng Si MD, Yuan Li PhD, Kai Guo PhD, Shuai Ren PhD, Zhong-Qiu Wang MD

“…Clinical data, blood biochemical results, imaging features, and pathological details of the patients were collected, such as age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, tumor grade, tumor size and location, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). …”
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With great power, comes great responsibility: the importance of broadly measuring Fc-mediated effector function early in the antibody development process by Silvia Crescioli, Shashi Jatiani, Lenny Moise

“…Antibodies are highly versatile molecules that, with strategic design of their antigen-binding domain (Fab) and the domain responsible for mediating effector functions (Fc), can be used in a wide range of therapeutic indications. …”
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MHC Class I Molecules Exacerbate Viral Infection by Disrupting Type I Interferon Signaling by Simo Xia, Yijie Tao, Likun Cui, Yizhi Yu, Sheng Xu

“…MHC class I molecules are key in the presentation of antigen and initiation of adaptive CD8+ T cell responses. …”
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Single-cell transcriptomics unveils multifaceted immune heterogeneity in early-onset versus late-onset cervical cancer by Qian Chen, Dongfeng Deng, Hong Zhu, Shan Li

“…Macrophages in LOCC displayed enhanced polarization towards both M1 and M2 phenotypes, along with dendritic cells showing augmented antigen-presenting capacity. Regarding cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), EOCC was enriched with inflammatory CAFs, whereas LOCC harbored a higher proportion of antigen-presenting CAFs. …”
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The Design of New Adjuvants for Mucosal Immunity to Neisseria meningitidis B in Nasally Primed Neonatal Mice for Adult Immune Response by Tatiane Ferreira, Elizabeth De Gaspari

“…Mucosal immunization has been shown to be effective for the induction of antigen-specific immune responses in both the systemic and mucosal compartments. …”
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Plasmablastic Lymphoma: A Review of Current Knowledge and Future Directions by Ghaleb Elyamany, Eman Al Mussaed, Ali Matar Alzahrani

“…The introduction of genes encoding artificial receptors called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and CAR-modified T cells targeted to the B cell-specific CD19 antigen have demonstrated promising results in multiple early clinical trials. …”
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scFv Antibody: Principles and Clinical Application by Zuhaida Asra Ahmad, Swee Keong Yeap, Abdul Manaf Ali, Wan Yong Ho, Noorjahan Banu Mohamed Alitheen, Muhajir Hamid

“…These bifunctional proteins having both antigen-binding capacity and marker activity can be obtained from transformed bacteria and used for one-step immunodetection of biological agents. …”
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The Chemical Composition of Endotoxin Isolated from Intestinal Strain of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans by Jolanta Lodowska, Daniel Wolny, Marzena Jaworska-Kik, Sławomir Kurkiewicz, Zofia Dzierżewicz, Ludmiła Węglarz

“…Endotoxin is a lipid-polisaccharide heteropolymer consisting of three elements: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide, also called antigen-O. The biological activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is determined by its structure. …”
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CUZD1 and Anti-CUZD1 Antibodies as Markers of Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases by Christos Liaskos, Eirini I. Rigopoulou, Timoklia Orfanidou, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Christos N. Papandreou

“…The exact mechanisms by which this pancreatic antigen becomes the target of IBD-specific pancreatic autoantibodies are unclear. …”
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Effectiveness of GnRH Antagonists and Agonists in Patients with Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Study by Zhenghao Liu, Chunguang Yang, Xing Zeng, Chunjin Ke, Jihua Tian, Zhihua Wang, Zhiquan Hu

“…In patients receiving antagonist, the control rate of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 54.28% and 88% without and with abiraterone, respectively, and 47.91% and 72% in patients treated using agonist without and with abiraterone. …”
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Tumour-Associated Transcripts and EGFR Deletion Variants in Colorectal Cancer in Primary Tumour, Metastases and Circulating Tumour Cells by Silke Lankiewicz, Eva Rother, Silke Zimmermann, Christiane Hollmann, Firouzeh Korangy, Tim F. Greten

“…Therefore, in addition to EGFR, the tumour-associated transcripts gastrointestinal tumour-associated antigen 733-2 (GA733-2) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were analyzed in a multiplex RT-PCR to characterize CTC. 55% patients were positive for CTC. …”
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Delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions: How p-i transforms pharmacology into immunology by Werner J. Pichler

“…P-i activation differs from classical antigen-driven immune reactions: a) drug binding induces structural changes in TCR-HLA proteins which make them look like allo-like TCR-HLA-complexes, able to elicit allo-like stimulations of T cells with cytotoxicity and IFNγ production, notably without the involvement of innate immunity; b) drug binding to TCR and/or HLA can increase the affinity of TCR-HLA interactions, which may affect signaling and IL-5 production by CD4+ T cells, and thus contribute to eosinophilia commonly found in dDHRs or induce oligoclonal T cell expansions; c) Both, antigen and p-i stimulations can induce eosinophil- or neutrophil-rich inflammations; but these stimulations should be distinguished as their underlying mechanism and development differ; and d) p-i stimulation can – like graft versus host reactions – result in long-lasting T-cell activations, which can lead to viremia, occasional autoimmunity, or a new syndrome characterized by multiple drug hypersensitivity (MDH).In summary, dDHRs are not allergic reactions but represent peculiar T-cell activations, similar to allo-like stimulations. …”
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