Human Leukocyte Antigen Diversity: A Southern African Perspective by Mqondisi Tshabalala, Juanita Mellet, Michael S. Pepper

“…Despite the increasingly well-documented evidence of high genetic, ethnic, and linguistic diversity amongst African populations, there is limited data on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) diversity in these populations. HLA is part of the host defense mechanism mediated through antigen presentation to effector cells of the immune system. …”
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Experimental Immunization Based on Plasmodium Antigens Isolated by Antibody Affinity by Ali N. Kamali, Patricia Marín-García, Isabel G. Azcárate, Antonio Puyet, Amalia Diez, José M. Bautista

“…This approach shows the potential to prevent malaria disease with a set of antigens isolated from blood-stage parasites.…”
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Lipid Antigens: Revealing the Hidden Players in Adaptive Immune Responses by Tamana Eskandari, Yasamin Eivazzadeh, Fatemeh Khaleghinia, Fatemeh Kashi, Valentyn Oksenych, Dariush Haghmorad

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Autoimmune Cholangitis in the SJL/J Mouse is Antigen Non-specific by Motoko Sasaki, Jorge Allina, Joseph A. Odin, Swan N. Thung, Ross Coppel, Yasuni Nakanuma, M. Eric Gershwin

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The Novelty of Human Cancer/Testis Antigen Encoding Genes in Evolution by Pavel Dobrynin, Ekaterina Matyunina, S. V. Malov, A. P. Kozlov

“…Here, we suggest that the testes may play a special “catalyst” role in the birth and evolution of new genes. Cancer/testis antigen encoding genes (CT genes) are predominantly expressed both in testes and in a variety of tumors. …”
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Prostate-specific Antigen as a Predictor for the Diagnosis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma by Wilfredo Valiente Morejón, Bárbara Junco Sena, Yoel Padrón Vega, Yisel de la Caridad Ramos Águila, Idelma Castillo García

“…<strong><br />Conclusions:</strong> the prostate-specific antigen is a useful test for the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. …”
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Fas Ligand DNA Enhances a Vaccination Effect by Coadministered DNA Encoding a Tumor Antigen through Augmenting Production of Antibody against the Tumor Antigen by Boya Zhong, Guangyu Ma, Ayako Sato, Osamu Shimozato, Hongdan Liu, Quanhai Li, Masato Shingyoji, Yuji Tada, Koichiro Tatsumi, Hideaki Shimada, Kenzo Hiroshima, Masatoshi Tagawa

“…We examined whether administration of DNA encoding FasL gene enhanced antitumor effects in mice that were vaccinated with DNA expressing a putative tumor antigen gene, β-galactosidase (β-gal). Growth of β-gal-positive Colon 26 tumors was retarded in the syngeneic mice immunized with β-gal and FasL DNA compared with those vaccinated with β-gal or FasL DNA. …”
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Laboratory Comparison of Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests for Lymphatic Filariasis: STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) Versus Bioline Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) by Patricia M. Graves, Jessica L. Scott, Alvaro Berg Soto, Antin Y. N. Widi, Maxine Whittaker, Colleen L. Lau, Kimberly Y. Won

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Human Neutrophil Antigen Genotype and Allele Frequencies in Iranian Blood Donors by Behnaz Esmaeili, Behnaz Bayat, Atefe Alirezaee, Mona Delkhah, Mohammad Reza Mehdizadeh, Zahra Pourpak

“…The expression of the HNA-2 antigen on the neutrophil surface was evaluated by flow cytometry. …”
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Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cells for Solid Tumors: Challenges and Prospects by Yelei Guo, Yao Wang, Weidong Han

“…Recent studies have highlighted the successes of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T- (CART-) cell-based therapy for B-cell malignancies, and early phase clinical trials have been launched in recent years. …”
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Kidney Transplantation: The Challenge of Human Leukocyte Antigen and Its Therapeutic Strategies by Tilahun Alelign, Momina M. Ahmed, Kidist Bobosha, Yewondwossen Tadesse, Rawleigh Howe, Beyene Petros

“…As part of the host immune defense mechanism, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a major challenge for graft rejection in transplantation therapy. …”
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Potential Target Antigens for a Universal Vaccine in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Renee Vermeij, Toos Daemen, Geertruida H. de Bock, Pauline de Graeff, Ninke Leffers, Annechien Lambeck, Klaske A. ten Hoor, Harry Hollema, Ate G. J. van der Zee, Hans W. Nijman

“…Immunotherapeutic treatment using a cocktail of antigens has been proposed as a “universal” vaccine strategy. …”
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Chikungunya Virus Infection and Acute Elevation of Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen by William Derval Aiken, Joshua J. Anzinger

“…The patient experienced a sudden increase in serum Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) during the acute illness that caused him anxiety and confounded interpretation of the PSA test. …”
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Structure of small HBV surface antigen reveals mechanism of dimer formation by Xiao He, Yunlu Kang, Weiyu Tao, Jiaxuan Xu, Xiaoyu Liu, Lei Chen

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Experimental use of mycobacterial antigens in tuberculin skin test on water buffalo by Alessandra Martucciello, Federica Signorelli, Piera Mazzone, Francesco Grandoni, Giovanna Cappelli, Lucia Boccia, Giuseppe Parente, Monica Cagiola, Maria Beatrice Boniotti, Esterina De Carlo, Francesco Napolitano, Giorgio Galiero

“…All subjects were also submitted to the IFN-γ test using the same antigens (Ag) as the TST to verify the cellular response in vitro and to exclude anaergic animals that did not respond to in vitro stimulation with the mitogen. …”
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Coordinated Activation of Caspases and Apoptosis in Allogeneic Antigen Stimulated Human T Cells by Sundararajan Jayaraman, John N. Barrett

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A synthetic cyclic peptide for promoting antigen presentation and immune activation by Jiahui Zhang, Harrison Y. R. Madge, Asmaa Mahmoud, Lantian Lu, Wanyi Wang, Wenbin Huang, Prashamsa Koirala, Jazmina L. Gonzalez Cruz, Wei Yang Kong, Sahra Bashiri, Ahmed O. Shalash, Waleed M. Hussein, Zeinab G. Khalil, James W. Wells, Istvan Toth, Rachel J. Stephenson

“…All vaccine candidates self-assembled into sub-500 nm nanoparticles and induced high antigen-specific systemic IgG titers and opsonic potential compared to the antigen co-administered with a commercial adjuvant, complete Freund’s adjuvant. …”
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Genetic analysis of weak expression of ABO blood group antigens in neonates by YANG Jiali, ZHAO Ding, LI Wei, ZHANG Xiaopan, LI Zhihao, TIAN Dongdong

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The Many Faces of Human Leukocyte Antigen-G: Relevance to the Fate of Pregnancy by Mette Dahl, Snezana Djurisic, Thomas Vauvert F. Hviid

“…Pregnancy is an immunological paradox, where fetal antigens encoded by polymorphic genes inherited from the father do not provoke a maternal immune response. …”
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Detection of Antibody to Envelope (E2) Antigen of Hepatitis C Virus by RK Chaudhary, E Burres

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