Joint fluid multi-omics improves diagnostic confidence during evaluation of children with presumed septic arthritis by Yolanda Peña-López, Naureen G. Tareen, Bo Zhang, Indu Raman, Carlos A. Arana, Chengsong Zhu, Yang Liu, Pratibha Selvakumar, Nicolai S. C. van Oers, Simrat Morris, Lora V. Hooper, Lawson A. B. Copley, Prithvi Raj

“…The children without any bacteremia had autoantibodies (IgGs) in the joint-fluid targeting several nuclear antigens (i.e., dsDNA, histones, Jo-1, scl-70, Ro/SS-A, SmDs, CENP-A along with non-nuclear antigens i.e. …”
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Delay of innate immune responses following influenza B virus infection affects the development of a robust antibody response in ferrets by Thomas Rowe, Ashley Fletcher, Melissa Lange, Yasuko Hatta, Gabriela Jasso, David E. Wentworth, Ted M. Ross

“…Antibodies generated following infection of ferrets with human influenza viruses are used in surveillance to detect antigenic drift and cross-reactivity with vaccine viruses and circulating strains. …”
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Contribution of Gut Bacteria to Liver Pathobiology by Gakuhei Son, Michael Kremer, Ian N. Hines

“…Receiving approximately 70% of its blood supply from the intestinal venous outflow, the liver represents the first line of defense against gut-derived antigens and is equipped with a broad array of immune cells (i.e., macrophages, lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells) to accomplish this function. …”
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Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Genetically Selected Mouse Lines: Genetic Linkage with Quantitative Trait Locus Controlling Antibody Response by Francisca Vorraro, Wafa H. K. Cabrera, Orlando G. Ribeiro, José Ricardo Jensen, Marcelo De Franco, Olga M. Ibañez, Nancy Starobinas

“…Trypanosoma cruzi infection was studied in mouse lines selected for maximal (AIRmax) or minimal (AIRmin) acute inflammatory reaction and for high (HIII) or low (LIII) antibody (Ab) responses to complex antigens. Resistance was associated with gender (females) and strain—the high responder lines AIRmax and HIII were resistant. …”
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Elucidating the Role of the T Cell Receptor Repertoire in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms and Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Georgios Petros Barakos, Vasileios Georgoulis, Epameinondas Koumpis, Eleftheria Hatzimichael

“…T cells, as integral components of the adaptive immune system, recognize diverse antigens through unique T cell receptors (TCRs). To achieve this, during T cell maturation, the thymus generates a wide repertoire of TCRs. …”
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Enhanced Immunogenicity and Affinity with A35R-Fc-Based Chimeric Protein Compared to MPXV A35R Protein by Shimeng Bai, Yanxin Cui, Qibin Liao, Hongyang Yi, Zhonghui Liao, Gengwei Zhang, Fenfang Wu, Hongzhou Lu

“…These results support the potential of Fc domain chimeric antigens as a strategy to enhance the efficacy of subunit vaccines targeting the MPXV.…”
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Age-related Changes in p56lck Protein Levels and Phenotypic Distribution of T Lymphocytes in Young Rats by Heather J. Hosea, Edward S. Rector, Carla G. Taylor

“…T-cell numbers remained proportional to body weight in the lymphoid organs; however, the lower absolute number of T-cells in the younger rats might indicate that they are less able to respond to antigens.…”
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Overview of Celiac Disease in Russia: Regional Data and Estimated Prevalence by Lyudmila V. Savvateeva, Svetlana I. Erdes, Anton S. Antishin, Andrey A. Zamyatnin

“…As an autoimmune disease, CD is manifested in the small intestine in the form of a progressive and reversible inflammatory lesion due to immune response to self-antigens. Indeed, CD is one of the most challenging medicosocial problems in current gastroenterology. …”
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Far beyond Phagocytosis: Phagocyte-Derived Extracellular Traps Act Efficiently against Protozoan Parasites In Vitro and In Vivo by Liliana M. R. Silva, Tamara Muñoz-Caro, Rafael A. Burgos, Maria A. Hidalgo, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla

“…ETs are released in response to intact protozoan parasites or to parasite-specific antigens in a controlled cell death process. Released ETs consist of nuclear DNA as backbone adorned with histones, antimicrobial peptides, and phagocyte-specific granular enzymes thereby producing a sticky extracellular matrix capable of entrapping and killing pathogens. …”
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Immunological responses in patients with tuberculosis and in vivo effects of acetyl-L-carnitine oral administration by Emilio Jirillo, Maria Altamura, Carlo Marcuccio, Cosimo Tortorella, Claudio De Simone, Salvatore Antonaci

“…In this respect, acquired resistance, delayed hypersensitivity reaction and anergy are the main types of immune reactivity to mycobacterial antigens. In view of the presence of nonspecific and specific immune deficits in TBC patients, a clinical trial was carried out in a group of 20 individuals with active pulmonary TBC by oral administration of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC). …”
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The compositional behavior of the human T cell receptor repertoire in ovarian cancer compared to healthy donors by Miriam Zuckerbrot-Schuldenfrei, Alona Zilberberg, Sol Efroni

“…Abstract The distinctive characteristics of an individual’s T cell receptor repertoire are crucial in recognizing and responding to a diverse array of antigens, contributing to immune specificity and adaptability. …”
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Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) as an Uncommon Extraintestinal Complication of Crohn’s Disease: Case Vignette and Systematic Literature Review by Raisa Epistola, Tiffanie Do, Ritika Vankina, Daniel Wu, James Yeh, Michael W. Fleischman, Jennifer M. Lee

“…Previous reports postulated that the mechanism of ITP in CD was through the presence of circulating immune complexes in the serum and antigenic mimicry due to increased mucosal permeability in active colitis, versus increased mucosal production of TH1-type proinflammatory cytokines during CD flares, which may account for remission of ITP with surgery for CD. …”
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Intestinal Permeability Assays: a Review by A. A. Iakupova, S. R. Abdulkhakov, R. K. Zalyalov, A. G. Safin, R. A. Abdulkhakov

“…The intestinal barrier integrity and permeability assays differ by the application setting (in vivo or ex vivo), subject (human or animal), marker molecules used to assess permeability (ions, various size carbohydrates, macromolecules, antigens, bacterial products and bacteria), biomaterial for the marker concentration assays (peripheral blood, portal venous blood, urine, stool). …”
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Repeated Long-Term DT Application in the DEREG Mouse Induces a Neutralizing Anti-DT Antibody Response by Junhua Wang, Myriam Siffert, Markus Spiliotis, Bruno Gottstein

“…Regulatory T (Tregs) cells play an important role in mediating tolerance to self-antigens but can also mediate detrimental tolerance to tumours and pathogens in a Foxp3-dependent manner. …”
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Conflict Resolution Strategy Based on Flight Conflict Network Optimal Dominating Set by Minggong Wu, Wenda Yang, Kexin Bi, Xiangxi Wen, Jianping Li

“…In the process of solving the optimal dominating set of the network, we introduce the immune mechanism based on the particle swarm algorithm (PSO) and ensure the priority deployment of a critical aircraft and high-risk conflicts by setting two types of antigens, nodes and connected edges. Compared with the traditional method, the conflict resolution strategy presented in this paper is able to quickly identify key aircraft nodes in the network and has better sensitivity to high-risk conflict edges, which can provide controllers and the control system with a more accurate and reliable suggestion to resolve the flight conflicts macroscopically.…”
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The Prevalence of Autoantibodies in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I by Maaike Dirckx, Marco W. J. Schreurs, Marissa de Mos, Dirk L. Stronks, Frank J. P. M. Huygen

“…Antineuronal antibodies are autoantibodies directed against antigens in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. …”
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Characterization of physicochemical and immunogenic properties of allergenic proteins altered by food processing: a review by Enning Zhou, Qiangqiang Li, Dan Zhu, Gang Chen, Liming Wu

“…Food processing helps to reduce allergenicity by aggregating or denaturing proteins, which masks, modif ies, or destroys antigenic epitopes, whereas, it cannot eliminate allergenicity completely, and sometimes even improves allergenicity by exposing new epitopes. …”
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Structurally convergent antibodies derived from different vaccine strategies target the influenza virus HA anchor epitope with a subset of VH3 and VK3 genes by Ting-Hui Lin, Chang-Chun David Lee, Monica L. Fernández-Quintero, James A. Ferguson, Julianna Han, Xueyong Zhu, Wenli Yu, Jenna J. Guthmiller, Florian Krammer, Patrick C. Wilson, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson

“…Abstract H1N1 influenza viruses are responsible for both seasonal and pandemic influenza. The continual antigenic shift and drift of these viruses highlight the urgent need for a universal influenza vaccine to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). …”
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How the Knowledge of Interactions between Meningococcus and the Human Immune System Has Been Used to Prepare Effective Neisseria meningitidis Vaccines by R. Gasparini, D. Panatto, N. L. Bragazzi, P. L. Lai, A. Bechini, M. Levi, P. Durando, D. Amicizia

“…Nowadays different licensed meningococcal vaccines are available and used: conjugate meningococcal C vaccines, tetravalent conjugate vaccines, an affordable conjugate vaccine against the N. menigitidis serogroup A, and universal vaccines based on multiple antigens each one with a different and peculiar function against meningococcal group B strains.…”
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PI3K Functions in Cancer Progression, Anticancer Immunity and Immune Evasion by Tumors by Francesco Dituri, Antonio Mazzocca, Gianluigi Giannelli, Salvatore Antonaci

“…The immunological surveillance of tumors relies on a specific recognition of cancer cells and their associate antigens by leucocytes of innate and adaptive immune responses. …”
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