Alleviating symptoms of paediatric acute rhinosinusitis and acute otitis media with otorrhea using nasal-spraying Bacillus probiotics: a randomized controlled trial by Thanh Huu Khieu, Dung Phuong Le, Binh Thanh Nguyen, Binh Thanh Ngo, Hong Thi Chu, Duc Minh Truong, Hung Minh Nguyen, Anh Hoa Nguyen, Tung Dinh Pham, Anh Thi Van Nguyen

“…These conditions are among the primary reasons that children visit hospitals and require antibiotic treatment. This study evaluated the efficacy of the nasal-spraying probiotics (LiveSpo Navax containing 5 billion Bacillus subtilis and B. clausii spores/5 mL) as a supportive treatment for dual ARS and AOM with otorrhea in a randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial. …”
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Evaluation of 902 Total Abdominal Hysterectomies Performed for Benign Reasons by Fazilet Kübra Boynukalın, Ömer Tolga Güler, Mehmet Coşkun, Özgür Özyüncü, Nasuh Utku Doğan

“…When abdominal route is mandatory, an appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis should be used to decrease the rate of febrile morbidity which is the most commonly seen postoperative complication. …”
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From Traditional Typing to Genomic Precision: Whole-Genome Sequencing of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Isolated from Refrigerated Foods in Chile by Julio Parra-Flores, Beatriz Daza-Prieto, Pamela Chavarria, Miriam Troncoso, Anna Stöger, Guillermo Figueroa, Jetsi Mancilla-Rojano, Ariadnna Cruz-Córdova, Aleksandra Martinovic, Werner Ruppitsch

“…The presence of various antibiotic resistance genes, along with resistance to thermal shocks and disinfectants, may provide <i>L. monocytogenes</i> ST5 strains with enhanced environmental resistance to the hygiene treatments used in the studied food production plant.…”
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C-Reactive Protein Levels in Children with Acute Bronchiolitis by Hasan M. Isa, Abdulrahman D. Mohroofi, Fatema N. Alkhan, Asma Z. Hasan, Mariam M. Alkubisi, Sana S. Alhewaizem, Sara I. Khalifa, Noora G. Alromaihi

“…This study also showed a high overall rate of antibiotic prescriptions in mostly viral disease.…”
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Mortality-related risk factors of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infection with focus on antimicrobial regimens optimization: a real-world retrospective study in China by Sheng Deng, Jinglan Chen, Pengxiang Zhou, Qin Hu

“…Since patients with non-sepsis have a lower mortality rate from monotherapy, combination antibiotic treatment should not be routinely recommended. …”
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Acute Kidney Injury Complicating Critical Forms of COVID-19: risk Factors and Prognostic Impact [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] by Ghadhoune Hatem, Yosra Yahia, Olfa Hammami, Hend Allouche, Insaf Trabelsi, Jihene Guissouma, Hana Ben Ali

“…Diabetes, use of nephrotoxic antibiotics and shock contributed significantly to its occurrence. …”
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Characterization, Molecular Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrhea Infected Patients Around Dhaka City by Fahima Akter, Md. Shamimuzzaman, Susmita Roy Chowdhury, Faria Islam, Rajib Kanti Roy

“…Objective: This research aimed to determine and evaluate the vulnerability of diarrheagenic E. coli to certain antibiotics isolated from hospitalized diarrhea-infected patients in Dhaka city. …”
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Characterization, Molecular Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrhea Infected Patients Around Dhaka City by Fahima Akter, Md. Shamimuzzaman, Susmita Roy Chowdhury, Faria Islam, Rajib Kanti Roy

“…Objective: This research aimed to determine and evaluate the vulnerability of diarrheagenic E. coli to certain antibiotics isolated from hospitalized diarrhea-infected patients in Dhaka city. …”
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Isolation and Characterization of Colistin-Resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> from Foods in Two Italian Regions in the South of Italy by Rosa Fraccalvieri, Angelica Bianco, Laura Maria Difato, Loredana Capozzi, Laura Del Sambro, Stefano Castellana, Adelia Donatiello, Luigina Serrecchia, Lorenzo Pace, Donatella Farina, Domenico Galante, Marta Caruso, Maria Tempesta, Antonio Parisi

“…Furthermore, 56 antimicrobial resistance genes were identified, suggesting the genetic mechanisms underlying resistance to several antibiotic classes. Virulence gene analysis showed that <i>E. coli</i> and other isolates carried genes linked to pathogenicity, increasing the potential risk to public health. …”
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Poor Glycemic Control in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections: Impact on Epidemiological Features, Mortality Risks, and Polymyxin Resistance by Wang Q, Yan T, Ma C, Teng X, Shen C, Wang N, Yu K, Chu W, Zhou Q, Liu Z

“…Logistic regression identified mortality risk factors. Antibiotic sensitivity, capsular serotypes, and virulence genes were tested of the strains. …”
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Gut microbial 3α‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase promotes depression in males via degrading testosterone by Di Li, Jingru Cheng, Wei Zhang, Pengfei Cheng, Yuan He, Jinghan Jia, Chao Wang, Zhongchun Liu, Zhou Sun, Jinxi Wang

“…We found that A. koreensis administration in mice led to reduced serum testosterone levels and depression‐like behaviors, which were improved by antibiotic treatment. Using whole genome sequencing, the gene mediating testosterone degradation in A. koreensis was identified and annotated as 3α‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α‐HSD). …”
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Improving the physiological status of broiler chickens using rosemary leaf meal and sodium bentonite as ammonia gas control agents by Mercy Chisara Ogwuegbu, Fredrick Ugochukwu Udeh, Josephine Chinenye Ugwuozor, Precious Ezinne Okoye, Joy Chimela Kalu, Emmanuel Chinonso Arum, Doctor Mziwenkosi Nhlanhla Mthiyane

“…As the poultry industry shifts towards natural antibiotic-free alternatives, rosemary leaf meal (RLM) and sodium bentonite (SB) have emerged as promising dietary supplements for enhancing broiler physiological status, meat quality, and environmental management. …”
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“Unmasking the Uncommon”: A case series of multi-drug resistant Elizabethkingia meningoseptica causing late-onset sepsis and meningitis in preterm neonates [version 2; peer review:... by Anisha Maria Fernandes, Sinchana Bhat, Suchitra Shenoy M., Prajnha U.P.

“…The patient was intubated and administered empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungal agents. Blood culture grew Candida krusei, hence Amphotericin B was initiated. …”
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Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Novel Approaches to the Pharmacology of Gut Motility by Carmelo Scarpignato, Iva Pelosini

“…Erythromycin and related 14-member macrolide compounds inhibit the binding of motilin to its receptors on GI smooth muscle and, therefore, act as motilin agonists. This antibiotic accelerates gastric emptying and shortens orocecal transit time. …”
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Practical Recommendation of the Scientific Сommunity for Human Microbiome Research (CHMR) and the Russian Gastroenterological Association (RGA) on Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgr... by V. T. Ivashkin, I. V. Maev, D. I. Abdulganieva, O. P. Alekseeva, S. A. Alekseenko, O. Yu. Zolnikova, N. V. Korochanskaya, O. S. Medvedev, E. A. Poluektova, V. I. Simanenkov, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. B. Khlynov, V. V. Tsukanov, O. S. Shifrin, K. V. Ivashkin, T. L. Lapina, R. V. Maslennikov, M. V. Fadeeva, A. I. Ulyanin

“…SIBO therapy involves prescription of antibacterial agents, the most studied of which is the non-absorbable antibiotic rifaximin-α.…”
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Multi-omics analysis reveals interactions between host and microbes in Bama miniature pigs during weaning by Wen Ma, Li Yin, Ying Hu, Xu Liu, Zhenghong Guo, Bingyang Zhong, Haofeng Qiu, Jing Li

“…Furthermore, we found the composition of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) changed during weaning. …”
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Relapsing Campylobacter jejuni Systemic Infections in a Child with X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia by Paola Ariganello, Giulia Angelino, Alessia Scarselli, Irene Salfa, Martina Della Corte, Arianna De Matteis, Patrizia D'Argenio, Susanna Livadiotti, Emma C. Manno, Cristina Russo, Andrea Finocchi, Caterina Cancrini

“…The humoral defect is considered to be crucial for this phenomenon, as well as the difficulties to eradicate the pathogen with an appropriate antibiotic therapy; drug resistance is raising in Campylobacter species, and the appropriate duration of treatment has not been established. …”
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Isolation of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL-) Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Patients with Community-Onset Urinary Tract Infections in Jimma Univer... by Mengistu Abayneh, Getnet Tesfaw, Alemseged Abdissa

“…To assess the prevalence and antibiotics resistance patterns of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from community-onset urinary tract infections in Jimma University Specialized hospital, Southwest Ethiopia, 2016. …”
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Biofilm-Producing Bacteria and Risk Factors (Gender and Duration of Catheterization) Characterized as Catheter-Associated Biofilm Formation by Wani Devita Gunardi, Anis Karuniawati, Rainy Umbas, Saptawati Bardosono, Aida Lydia, Amin Soebandrio, Dodi Safari

“…A catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI) is preceded by biofilm formation, which is related to several risk factors such as gender, age, diabetic status, duration of catheterization, bacteriuria before catheterization, virulence gene factor, and antibiotic usage. Aims. This study aims to identify the microbial composition of catheter samples, including its corresponding comparison with urine samples, to determine the most important risk factors of biofilm formation and characterize the virulence gene factors that correlate with biofilm formation. …”
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Genomic characteristics and molecular epidemiology of MRSA from medical centers in Mexico: Results from the Invifar network. by Gabriela Echaniz-Avilés, Luis Ángel Núñez-García, Eduardo Rodríguez-Noriega, Consuelo Velázquez-Acosta, Luis Esaú López-Jácome, Eduardo López-Gutiérrez, Talia Pérez-Vicelis, Cristina Torres-Báez, Ulises Garza-Ramos, Nadia Rodríguez-Medina, Juan Manuel Barajas-Magallón, Rosario Vázquez-Larios, Aldo Rafael Silva-Gamiño, Rafael Franco-Cendejas, Adolfo Gómez-Quiroz, Elvira Garza-González

“…<h4>Methods</h4>This study included 27 clinical isolates collected from sterile sites at eight centers in Mexico in 2022 and 2023. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using VITEK 2. …”
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