The effectiveness of convalescent plasma administered on the first day of admission for COVID-19 patients: an open-label randomized controlled trial by Saeed Mohammadi, Mandana Pouladzadeh, Hamidreza Kouhpayeh, Shamsi Okati, Mehdi Safdarian, Peyman Eshghi, Parastoo Moradi Choghakabodi, Shahabeddin Mashaei, Sharareh Sanei Sistani, Yalda Khani, Soheila Nasizadeh, Ahmad Reza Shamshiri, Amir Teimourpour, Haijuan Wang

“…No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of age (P = 0.119), sex (P = 0.418), comorbidities (P > 0.05), or pre- and post-treatment changes in temperature, lymphocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or platelet count (all P > 0.05). …”
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Antiviral efficacy of fluoxetine in early symptomatic COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, controlled, adaptive platform trial (PLATCOV)Research in context by Podjanee Jittamala, Simon Boyd, William H.K. Schilling, James A. Watson, Thundon Ngamprasertchai, Tanaya Siripoon, Viravarn Luvira, Elizabeth M. Batty, Phrutsamon Wongnak, Lisia M. Esper, Pedro J. Almeida, Cintia Cruz, Fernando R. Ascencao, Renato S. Aguiar, Najia K. Ghanchi, James J. Callery, Shivani Singh, Varaporn Kruabkontho, Thatsanun Ngernseng, Jaruwan Tubprasert, Wanassanan Madmanee, Kanokon Suwannasin, Amornrat Promsongsil, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn, Kittiyod Poovorawan, Manus Potaporn, Attasit Srisubat, Bootsakorn Loharjun, Walter R.J. Taylor, Farah Qamar, Abdul Momin Kazi, M. Asim Beg, Danoy Chommanam, Sisouphanh Vidhamaly, Kesinee Chotivanich, Mallika Imwong, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Arjen M. Dondorp, Nicholas P.J. Day, Mauro M. Teixeira, Watcharapong Piyaphanee, Weerapong Phumratanaprapin, Nicholas J. White

“…We recruited low-risk adult outpatients aged 18–50 with early symptomatic COVID-19 (symptoms <4 days) between 5 April 2022 and 8 May 2023. …”
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Spatiotemporal analysis of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte binding antigen-175 gene dimorphism in Ghana by Abraham Y. Kpirikai, Belinda A. Ofosu, Josie N. A. Okai, Victor Kornu, Abdul Rashid Kassim, Esther Donkor, Frederica Malm, Osumanu Ahmed, Mona-Liza E. Sakyi, Samirah Saiid, Albert Yao Kudakpo, Charles Mensah, Francis Dzabeng, Collins Morang’a, Gordon A. Awandare, Yaw Aniweh, Lucas N. Amenga-Etego

“…Conclusion The F-allele was the most prevalent form across all age groups, followed by the C allele and mixed F/C alleles. …”
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Risk of aortic aneurysm or dissection following use of fluoroquinolones: a retrospective multinational network cohort studyResearch in context by Jack L. Janetzki, Jung Ho Kim, Evan Minty, Jung Ah Lee, Daniel R. Morales, Rohan Khera, Chungsoo Kim, Thamir M. Alshammari, Scott L. DuVall, Michael E. Matheny, Thomas Falconer, Seonji Kim, Thanh-Phuc Phan, Phung-Anh Nguyen, Min-Huei Hsu, Jason C. Hsu, Rae Woong Park, Kenneth K.C. Man, Sarah Seager, Mui Van Zandt, James P. Gilbert, Patrick B. Ryan, Martijn J. Schuemie, Marc A. Suchard, George Hripcsak, Nicole Pratt, Seng Chan You

“…The study included 13,588,837 patients aged 35 or older who initiated systemic fluoroquinolones (FQs) or comparable antibiotics (trimethoprim with or without sulfamethoxazole [TMP] or cephalosporins [CPHs]) for UTI treatment in the outpatient setting between JAN 01, 2010 and DEC 31, 2019. …”
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Immunogenicity and safety of a COVID-19 DNA vaccine in healthy adults and elderly: A randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial by Siyue Jia, Chengwei Shao, Xin Cheng, Hongxing Pan, Zhijian Wang, Yu Xia, Jianfang Xu, Xuefen Huai, Danjing Leng, Jiarong Wang, Gan Zhao, Bin Wang, Jingxin Li, Fengcai Zhu

“…Eligible participants from each age group were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 3:3:2 ratio to receive two doses of INO-4800 (1.0 mg or 2.0 mg) or placebo, followed by electroporation on day 0 and day 28. …”
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Comparison of Perioperative Outcomes of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate for Standard (≤149 ml) Versus Very Large (≥150 ml) Prostate Glands: Retrospective Analysis of a Pr... by Jacob Schmidt, Jorien Krediet, Holger Beutel, Ayoub Hidayat Allah, Nella Gagel, Isabel Lichy, Bernhard Ralla, Maha Ullmann, Robert Peters, Frank Friedersdorff, Martin Kanne

“…Propensity score matching on age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, and the presence of an indwelling catheter was used to balance baseline differences. …”
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Clinical Characteristics of Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Compared with Typical Type 1 Diabetes: One-Year Follow-Up Study from the Guangdong T1DM Translational Medicine Study by Daizhi Yang, Yongwen Zhou, Sihui Luo, Xueying Zheng, Ping Ling, Liling Qiu, Wen Xu, Hua Liang, Bin Yao, Jianping Weng, Jinhua Yan

“…The 1 : 4 propensity score matching based on onset age, duration, and gender was performed between the FT1DM and TT1DM groups. …”
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Urine kidney injury molecule-1 predicts subclinical kidney disease among persons living with HIV initiating tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based ART in Zambia by Freeman W. Chabala, Edward D. Siew, Edward D. Siew, Edward D. Siew, C. William Wester, C. William Wester, Alana T. Brennan, Alana T. Brennan, Alana T. Brennan, Masauso M. Phiri, Michael J. Vinikoor, Michael J. Vinikoor, Sepiso K. Masenga, Muktar H. Aliyu, Muktar H. Aliyu, Muktar H. Aliyu

“…Baseline eGFR, creatinine, age, female sex, and BMI predicted the risk of overt TDF-associated nephrotoxicity. …”
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Utilization of patient-reported outcomes to assess adherence to relugolix when combined with stereotactic body radiation therapy for intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer by Kelly Gaudian, Min Jung Koh, Min Ji Koh, Ryan R. Collins, Shaine Eden, Zoya Zwart, Malika Danner, Alan Zwart, Mark Fallick, Deepak Kumar, Paul Leger, Nancy A. Dawson, Simeng Suy, Sean P. Collins

“…A p-value &lt; 0.05 determined statistical significance.ResultsBetween August 2021 and December 2023, 78 men were treated at Georgetown with relugolix and prostate SBRT per an institutional protocol. The median age was 72, and 41% of patients were non-white. …”
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Genetic evidence for the causal effects of air pollution on the risk of respiratory diseases by Yanjuan Wu, Yuting Zhang, Jingcun Wang, Qiming Gan, Xiaofen Su, Sun Zhang, Yutong Ding, Xinyan Yang, Nuofu Zhang, Kang Wu

“…Multivariate MR (MVMR) was performed to adjust for potential smoking-related confounders, such as cigarettes per day, household smoking, exposure to tobacco smoke at home, ever smoked, second-hand smoke, smoking initiation, and age at smoking initiation, as well as the independent effects of each air pollutant. …”
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Effect of a prepartum and postpartum, complex interdisciplinary lifestyle and psychosocial intervention on metabolic and mental health outcomes in women with gestational diabetes m... by Umberto Simeoni, Antje Horsch, Arnaud Chiolero, Yvan Vial, Nicole Sekarski, Jardena J Puder, Pascal Bovet, Yvan Mivelaz, Adina Mihaela Epure, Bobby Stuijfzand, Leah Gilbert, Stefano Lanzi, Justine Gross, Didier Hans, Stefano Di Bernardo, Elena Gonzalez-rodriguez, Alain Lacroix, Jean-Benoît Rossel, Dan Yedu Quansah, Amar Arhab, Sandrine Estoppey Younes, Seyda Mayerat

“…Objective To test the effect of a complex, interdisciplinary, lifestyle and psychosocial intervention on metabolic and mental health outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and in the post partum.Design Single centred, single blinded, randomised, controlled trial (the MySweetheart trial).Setting Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, from 2 September 2016 to 25 October 2021.Participants 211 women aged at least 18 years with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus at 24-32 gestational weeks were randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention (n=105) or to usual care (n=106).Interventions In addition to a comparator based on active guidelines for prepartum and postpartum usual care, the intervention consisted of four individual lifestyle visits during pregnancy and four interdisciplinary visits in the postpartum group, a peer support group workshop in pregnancy and post partum, and a bimonthly lifestyle coach support through telemedicine. …”
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Iodine activates NLRP3 inflammasomes in PBMCs of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and regulates Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation by Ying Wu, Qingling Guo, Yongping Liu, Xun Gong, Wei Sun, Yushu Li, Chenling Fan, Weiping Teng, Zhongyan Shan

“…Methods: We collected PBMCs and serum samples from 50 patients with AIT with normal thyroid function and 50 controls matched for age and sex. In PBMCs, the mRNA and protein expressions of certain inflammasome constituents (e.g., NLRP1, NLRP3, absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and caspase-1), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were assessed using qRT-PCR and western blotting. …”
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Comparative end-of-life communication and support in hospitalised decedents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective regional cohort study in Ottawa, Canada by Shirley H Bush, Monisha Kabir, Peter Lawlor, James Downar, Brandi Vanderspank-Wright, Sarina Isenberg, Peter Tanuseputro, Akshai Iyengar, Claire Dyason, Julie Lapenskie, Colleen Webber, Henrique Parsons, Samantha Rose Adeli, Ella Besserer, Leila Cohen, Valérie Gratton, Rebekah Murphy, Grace Warmels, Adrianna Bruni, Chelsea Noel, Brandon Heidinger, Koby Anderson, Kyle Arsenault-Mehta, Krista Wooller, Daniel Bedard, Paula Enright, Isabelle Desjardins, Khadija Bhimji

“…Pre-COVID and COVID-ve groups were matched 2:1 (age, sex and care service) with the COVID+ve group.Setting One quaternary and two tertiary adult, acute care hospitals in Ottawa, Canada.Participants Decedents (n=425): COVID+ve (n=85), COVID-ve (n=170) and pre-COVID (n=170).Main outcome measures End-of-life (last 48 hours) in-person family presence and virtual (video) patient–family communication, and end-of-life (last 5 days) virtual team–family communication encounter occurrences were examined using logistic regression with ORs and 95% CIs. …”
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Outcomes of endometrial cancer prevention strategies in patients with Lynch syndrome: a nationwide cohort study in the NetherlandsResearch in context by Ellis L. Eikenboom, Lotte van Leeuwen, Floris Groenendijk, Jorien M. Woolderink, Anne M. Van Altena, Monique E. Van Leerdam, Manon C.W. Spaander, Helena C. van Doorn, Anja Wagner, M.C. Breijer, A.S. Tjalsma, F. Vork, H.P.M. Smedts, J. van der Velden, M.M.A. Brood-van Zanten, J.E. van de Riet, A.L.M. Oei, H. Kessel, P.M.L.H. Vencken, M.P.L.M. Snijders, R.H.M. Hermans, A. Bouman, H.W. Ünsalan, A.M.G. van de Swaluw, G.M. Plaisier, H.C. van Doorn, K. van den Berg, W. Hofhuis, Y.A.J.M. Dabekausen, P.R. Kolk, H.T.C. Nagel, A.M.L.D. van Haaften-de Jong, A.C. van Hof, M. van den Hende, J. Kaijser, H.H. de Haan, R.A. Smit, M.W.G. Moonen-Delarue, J.J. Beltman, J.E. Martens, R. Kruitwagen, J.M. van der Ploeg, J.M. Woolderink, S.F.P.J. Coppus, M.J. Duk, M.J.A. Apperloo, C.M. Koopmans, C.C.M. Buis, H. van Meurs, E.C. Dul, B.B.J. Hermsen, A.M. van Altena, A. Baalbergen, A.A. van Ginkel-Terng, M. Baas, P. van Greunen, C.M.W.H. Smeets, H. Knipscheer, J.E. Martens, C. Schmeink, M.D. van der Laan, E.J.M. van Es, J.E.W. van Dijk, F.M.F. Rosier-van Dunné, H. Nijman, C.G. Gerestein, D. Boskamp, E.C.A.H. Scheers, M. Verbruggen, L.R. Bartelink, C.B.M. Kruijdenberg, J.M. Briët, B. Visschers, M. Engelen

“…For all endometrial carcinomas together, including index carriers, cumulative incidence was 22.7% at age 70. Interpretation: In a nation-wide cohort of Lynch syndrome carriers, nearly one-third of eligible carriers did not undergo gynaecological surveillance. …”
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COVID-19 on patients with immune-mediated rheumatic disease: a comparative study of disease activity, fatigue, and psychological distress over six months by Claudia Marques, Marcelo M. Pinheiro, Jennifer Lopes, Sandra Lúcia Euzébio Ribeiro, Mary Vânia Marinho de Castro, Lilian David de Azevedo Valadares, Aline Ranzolin, Nicole Pamplona Bueno de Andrade, Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo, Nafice Costa Araújo, Cintya Martins Vieira, Valéria Valim, Flavia Patricia Sena Teixeira Santos, Laurindo Ferreira da Rocha, Adriana Maria Kakehasi, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides Reis, Edgard Torres dos Reis-Neto, Gecilmara Salviato Pileggi, Gilda Aparecida Ferreira, Licia Maria Henrique da Mota, Odirlei Monticielo, Ricardo Machado Xavier

“…Results A total of 601 patients were evaluated—321 patients (IMRD COVID-19 + patients) and 280 controls (IMRD COVID-19- patients)—who were predominantly female with similar median ages. Disease activity assessment over a 6-month follow-up showed no significant difference between cases and controls. …”
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Liver Elastography for Liver Fibrosis Stratification: A Comparison of Three Techniques in a Biopsy-Controlled MASLD Cohort by Antonio Liguori, Giorgio Esposto, Maria Elena Ainora, Irene Mignini, Raffaele Borriello, Linda Galasso, Mattia Paratore, Maria Cristina Giustiniani, Laura Riccardi, Matteo Garcovich, Antonio Gasbarrini, Luca Miele, Maria Assunta Zocco

“…At multivariate regression analysis, S-Shearwave Imaging was associated with advanced fibrosis (≥F3) independently from age, diabetes and platelets (OR 2.94, CI 1.69–5.11, <i>p</i> < 0.01). …”
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Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of the Invaplex_AR-Detox <i>Shigella</i> Vaccine Co-Administered with the dmLT Adjuvant in Dutch and Zambian Adults: Study Protoc... by Geert V. T. Roozen, Nsofwa Sukwa, Masuzyo Chirwa, Jessica A. White, Marcus Estrada, Nicole Maier, Kevin R. Turbyfill, Renee M. Laird, Akamol E. Suvarnapunya, Aicha Sayeh, Flavia D’Alessio, Candice Marion, Laura Pattacini, Marie-Astrid Hoogerwerf, Rajagopal Murugan, Manuela Terrinoni, Jan R. Holmgren, Sodiomon B. Sirima, Sophie Houard, Michelo Simuyandi, Meta Roestenberg

“…Methods: In a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled dose-escalation phase Ia/b trial, the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of three intramuscular vaccinations administered 4 weeks apart with 2.5 µg or 10 µg of Invaplex_AR-Detox vaccine, alone or in combination with 0.1 µg of the dmLT adjuvant, will first be assessed in a total of 50 healthy Dutch adults (phase Ia) and subsequently in 35 healthy Zambian adults (phase Ib) aged 18–50 years. The primary outcome is safety, and secondary outcomes are humoral and cellular immune responses to the adjuvanted or non-adjuvanted vaccine. …”
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Prediction model for type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with mortality using machine learning in three independent cohorts from South Korea, Japan, and the UK: a model de... by Hayeon Lee, Seung Ha Hwang, Seoyoung Park, Yunjeong Choi, Sooji Lee, Jaeyu Park, Yejun Son, Hyeon Jin Kim, Soeun Kim, Jiyeon Oh, Lee Smith, Damiano Pizzol, Sang Youl Rhee, Hyunji Sang, Jinseok Lee, Dong Keon Yon

“…The SHAP value analysis of our proposed model revealed that age was the most important predictor of incident T2DM, followed by fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin, γ-glutamyl transferase level, and body mass index. …”
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Women's experiences and acceptability of self-administered, home delivered, intravaginal 5-Fluorouracil cream for cervical precancer treatment in Kenya by Konyin Adewumi, Aparna Ghosh Kachoria, Everlyn Adoyo, Mercy Rop, Mercy Rop, Antony Owaya, Jennifer H. Tang, Jennifer H. Tang, Lisa Rahangdale, Lisa Rahangdale, Lisa Rahangdale, Chemtai Mungo, Chemtai Mungo, Chemtai Mungo

“…A thematic analysis was conducted using five dimensions of acceptability: content, complexity, comfort, delivery, and credibility.ResultsThe mean age was 43.9 years (SD 4.4), and seven (58%) had primary education or less. …”
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Social vulnerability and genetic service utilization among unaffected BRIDGE trial patients with inherited cancer susceptibility by Jemar R. Bather, Melody S. Goodman, Adrian Harris, Guilherme Del Fiol, Rachel Hess, David W. Wetter, Daniel Chavez-Yenter, Lingzi Zhong, Lauren Kaiser-Jackson, Rachelle Chambers, Richard Bradshaw, Wendy Kohlmann, Sarah Colonna, Whitney Espinel, Rachel Monahan, Saundra S. Buys, Ophira Ginsburg, Kensaku Kawamoto, Kimberly A. Kaphingst, on behalf of the BRIDGE research team

“…Covariates included study arm, study site, age, sex, race/ethnicity, language preference, rural residence, having a recorded primary care provider, and number of algorithm criteria met. …”
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