Talar Neck Fracture after United Tibiotalar Fusion by W. Platt, M. Welck, B. Rudge

“…However, the original case described a fracture sustained in the very early postoperative period following tibiotalar fusion, postulated to be secondary to postimmobilisation osteopaenia or stress risers from metalwork. The aetiology in this case is likely due to axial compression transmitted to the talar neck via the calcaneus. …”
Get full text

Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum: A Case Report of Successful Arthroscopic Treatment by J. Ribeiras Cabral, R. Henriques, J. Arvela Matoso, S. Martins, M. Sarmento

“…Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum is a localized disorder of the subchondral bone, in a region with limited healing capacity. Although its aetiology is still unknown, it has been associated with repetitive microtrauma. …”
Get full text

Burning Mouth Syndrome: Aetiopathogenesis and Principles of Management by L. Feller, J. Fourie, M. Bouckaert, R. A. G. Khammissa, R. Ballyram, J. Lemmer

“…Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic debilitating oral condition characterised by a burning sensation of the oral mucosa in an otherwise apparently normal person. Its aetiology and pathogenesis are obscure, but both psychogenic factors and peripheral and central neuropathies appear to be implicated. …”
Get full text

Early Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: A New Association with Erythema Nodosum of Unknown Origin by Nikolaos K. Gatselis, Kalliopi Zachou, George N. Dalekos

“…Our report may suggest that PBC could be kept in mind in EN patients of unknown aetiology and particularly, when middle-aged female patients are affected. …”
Get full text

Inflammation and Macular Oedema after Pars Plana Vitrectomy by Vito Romano, Martina Angi, Fabrizio Scotti, Renata del Grosso, Davide Romano, Francesco Semeraro, Paolo Vinciguerra, Ciro Costagliola, Mario R. Romano

“…Cystoid macular oedema (CMO) is a major cause of reduced vision following intraocular surgery. Although the aetiology of CMO is not completely clarified, intraocular inflammation is known to play a major role in its development. …”
Get full text

Extremely Rare Form of Impaction Bilateral Kissing Molars: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature by Tamer Zerener, Gurkan Rasit Bayar, Hasan Ayberk Altug, Serkan Kiran

“…In some cases kissing molars can be seen but occurrence of bilateral kissing molars is extremely rare phenomenon in the dental literature and the aetiology of this phenomenon is still unknown. In this paper we describe a case and review of the literature and discuss the management of this pathology. …”
Get full text

What is “Hyper” in the ALS Hypermetabolism? by Alberto Ferri, Roberto Coccurello

“…Despite the multiple mechanisms believed to underlie the selective loss of motor neurons, ALS aetiology remains elusive and obscure. Likewise, there is also a cluster of alterations in ALS patients in which muscle wasting, body weight loss, eating dysfunction, and abnormal energy dissipation coexist. …”
Get full text

Survival Following Extreme Hypernatraemia Associated with Severe Dehydration and Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus by Hao Xiao, Rahul Barmanray, Sarah Qian, Dilantha De Alwis, Gerard Fennessy

“…He was treated with fluid and electrolyte replacement in the intensive care unit, and had returned to essentially normal function by hospital discharge. The aetiology was believed to be due to severe dehydration and a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. …”
Get full text

A narrative review of proactive palliative care models for people with COPD by Amy Pascoe, Xinye Chen, Natasha Smallwood

“…Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to a group of lung diseases that are distinct in underlying aetiology but share a common disease course of persistent and progressive airflow restriction. …”
Get full text

Relevance of Sympathetic Nervous System Activation in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome by Alicia A. Thorp, Markus P. Schlaich

“…Accumulating data from animal and human studies suggest that central sympathetic overactivity plays a pivotal role in the aetiology and complications of several metabolic conditions that can cluster to form the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). …”
Get full text

Verrucous Papillary Lesions: Dilemmas in Diagnosis and Terminology by Thomas George Kallarakkal, Anand Ramanathan, Rosnah Binti Zain

“…A majority of the benign VPLs have viral aetiology and include commonly occurring squamous papilloma along with verruca vulgaris, focal epithelial hyperplasia, and condyloma. …”
Get full text

Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Dentigerous Cyst by Antonione Santos Bezerra Pinto, André Luiz Ferreira Costa, Neiandro dos Santos Galvão, Thásia Luiz Dias Ferreira, Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes

“…Odontogenic cysts have a high prevalence in the dental clinic population, with dentigerous cyst being one of the most frequent ones and whose aetiology involves accumulation of fluid between the reduced enamel epithelium and the crown of an unerupted tooth. …”
Get full text

Experience in the management of patients with nasal fractures. by Sahily Espino Otero, Julio Romero Rodrígez, Odalys Acevedo Sierra, Jorge Luis Estepa Pérez

“…The studies variables were age, sex, aetiology, clinical signs, classification depending on the fractures focus and direction of the trauma, treatment following the guidelines for good clinical practices and post-treatment assessment. …”
Get full text

Biomarkers as Key Contributors in Treating Malignant Melanoma Metastases by Camila Ferreira de Souza, Alice Santana Morais, Miriam Galvonas Jasiulionis

“…At the present time, at least three hypotheses were identified that may explain melanoma aetiology, as follows: (1) a model of linear progression from differentiated melanocytes to metastatic cancer cells (2) a model involving the appearance of melanoma stem-like cells, and (3) an epigenetic progenitor model of cancer. …”
Get full text

Specificity of Cognitive Impairment in Neurological Disease: A Methodological Critique of Parkinson’s Disease by H. J. Sagar

“…Definitions of dementia have been proposed based on symptom profiles of the cognitive disorder and qualitative differences have been claimed between dementias of different aetiology. Some conditions have been claimed to show patterns of cognitive deficit that are distinguished from dementia and related to specific neuropathology or psychological processes, e.g. frontal lobe deficits in Parkinson's disease. …”
Get full text

Pyoderma Gangrenosum in Two Successive Pregnancies Complicating Caesarean Wound by Sapna Vinit Amin, Neha Bajapai, Ashwini Pai, Sunanda Bharatnur, Shripad Hebbar

“…Though most of the time is associated with chronic systemic conditions, it can occur in isolation and can be a diagnostic dilemma. The aetiology is poorly understood. The diagnosis is based on clinical features and excluding other causes of skin ulcers, as it does not have characteristic histopathology or laboratory findings. …”
Get full text

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease as a Cause of Cognitive Decline and Seizures in the Elderly: Diagnostic Pointers and Strategy for Investigation by R. Williams, F. Cresswell, M. McClure, R. Lane

“…Establishing an underlying aetiology is dementia is important not only for prognostic reasons but in order to detect potentially reversible causes. …”
Get full text

Examining the epigenetic transmission of risk for chronic pain associated with paternal post-traumatic stress disorder: a focus on veteran populations by James Freeman, Sabrina Salberg, Melanie Noel, Richelle Mychasiuk

“…Abstract Chronic pain is a public health problem that significantly reduces quality of life. Although the aetiology is often unknown, recent evidence suggests that susceptibility can be transmitted intergenerationally, from parent to child. …”
Get full text

Stress-sensitive neurosignalling in depression: an integrated network biology approach to candidate gene selection for genetic association analysis by J. Anke M. van Eekelen, Justine A. Ellis, Craig A. Olsson, Craig E. Pennell, Jeff Craig, Richard Saffery, Eugen Mattes

“…Maladaptation via impaired stress responsiveness is central to the aetiology of depression and anxiety and provides a framework for a systems biology approach to candidate gene selection. …”
Get full text

Knowledge of, Perception of, and Attitude towards Uterine Fibroids among Women with Fibroids in Lagos, Nigeria by M. A. Adegbesan-Omilabu, K. S. Okunade, A. Gbadegesin

“…Awareness of uterine fibroids is high, but correct knowledge on aetiology and proper treatment is low. Intensive enlightenment of the populace using the mass media by trained personnel is recommended.…”
Get full text