Spontaneous Penile (Cavernosal) Abscess: Case Report with Discussion of Aetiology, Diagnosis, and Management with Review of Literature by Jayesh Sagar, Bethani Sagar, D. K. Shah

“…Though he did not require any further surgical intervention for correction of chordee at that time, there remains a possibility of it getting worse over time, which may ultimately need surgery for correction. The possible aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare condition are briefly discussed.…”
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Gastric Cytoprotection as Basis of Gastrointestinal Mucosa Protection and Repair in Erosive Ulcerative Lesions of Various Aetiologies by K. V. Ivashkin, E. A. Izatullaev, V. R. Korneeva

“…Assessment of efficacy and the mechanism of action of gastrointestinal mucosa (GM) protection in current treatment settings with methylmethionine-sulfonium chloride (vitamin U) to illustrate its applicability in erosive ulcerative lesions of various aetiologies.Key points. Aside to damage prevention in exposure to aggressive agents, gastroprotection implies healing promotion under the preserved level of hydrochloric acid secretion. …”
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Aetiology of chronic liver disease is a valuable factor for stratifying adverse outcomes of acute decompensation: prospective observational study by Jung Hee Kim, Sung-Eun Kim, Do Seon Song, Hee Yeon Kim, Eileen L. Yoon, Ji Won Park, Tae Hyung Kim, Young-Kul Jung, Ki Tae Suk, Hyung Joon Yim, Jung Hyun Kwon, Sung Won Lee, Seong Hee Kang, Moon Young Kim, Soung Won Jeong, Jae-Young Jang, Jeong Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young-Joo Jin, Gab Jin Cheon, Byung Seok Kim, Yeon Seok Seo, Hyoungsu Kim, Dong Hyun Sinn, Woo Jin Chung, Hwi Young Kim, Han Ah Lee, Seung Woo Nam, In Hee Kim, Ji Hoon Kim, Hee Bok Chae, Joo Hyun Sohn, Ju Yeon Cho, Yoon Jun Kim, Jin Mo Yang, Jung Gil Park, Won Kim, Hyun Chin Cho, Dong Joon Kim

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Prevalence, and Intellectual Outcome of Unilateral Focal Cortical Brain Damage as a Function of Age, Sex and Aetiology by C. M. J. Braun, I. Montour-Proulx, S. Daigneault, I. Rouleau, S. Kuehn, M. Piskopos, G. Desmarais, F. Lussier, C. Rainville

“…Furthermore, sex-specific risk for other aetiologies of brain damage may be little known, whether in the pediatric or adult populations. …”
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End Stage Renal Disease: Seroprevalence of Hepatitises B and C along with Associated Aetiology and Risk Factors in Children by Syed Raza Shah, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Muhammad Tanveer Alam, Adnan Salim, Mehwish Hussain, Areeba Altaf

“…It is imperative to reliably determine the burden of HBV and HCV disease and to determine the aetiology of their spread especially in children with ESRD.…”
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Postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal delivery: a comprehensive analysis and development of predictive models for aetiological subgroups in Chinese women by Hong Lin, Dandan Zhang, Jinke Li, Mengyuan Shao, Xiaoxue Wang, Xueting Chen, Yangzi Zhou, Zixuan Song

“…Objectives This study aimed to dissect the aetiological subgroups of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) that occur after vaginal delivery in women with full-term singleton pregnancies. …”
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Aetiology of vaginal discharge, urethral discharge, and genital ulcer in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-regression. by Julia Michalow, Magdalene K Walters, Olanrewaju Edun, Max Wybrant, Bethan Davies, Tendesayi Kufa, Thabitha Mathega, Sungai T Chabata, Frances M Cowan, Anne Cori, Marie-Claude Boily, Jeffrey W Imai-Eaton

“…<h4>Background</h4>Syndromic management is widely used to treat symptomatic sexually transmitted infections in settings without aetiologic diagnostics. However, underlying aetiologies and consequent treatment suitability are uncertain without regular assessment. …”
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Validation of insurance claims data on aetiology, surgical type and prosthesis for isolated valve surgery: a retrospective observational surgery by Shao-Wei Chen, Victor Chien-Chia Wu, Pao-Hsien Chu, An-Hsun Chou, Chun-Yu Chen, Feng-Cheng Chang, Yi‐Hsin Chan, Chia-Pin Lin, Yu-Ting Cheng, Bo-Cheng Hou, Jo-Ting Huang

“…For mitral valve surgery, the surgery aetiologies and PPVs were IE, 93.2% (87.9%–96.6%); RHD, 94.9% (88.3%–98.2%); ischaemic mitral regurgitation, 87.5% (73.0%–95.6%); and degeneration, 88.4% (83.9%–92.0%). …”
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Prevalence, aetiology, and service mapping of dementia in rural Uganda.... by Joseph Mugisha, Nicholas J Ashton, Claire J Steves, Racheal Alinaitwe, Josephine Prynn, Tunde Peto, Beatrice Kimono, Martin Prince

“…Understanding dementia aetiology in African settings has been limited by the expensive and invasive nature of biomarker testing. …”
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Compassionate Use of Omadacycline in a Down Syndrome Pre-Schooler With Critically Ill Atypical Pneumonia Caused by Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma Pneumoniae by Wu D, Xie FJ, Wang YJ, Jiang XH, Zhang GL, Zhang H, Zhu YC, Zhang Y, Tang YJ, Lin YL, Xu JX, Zhang JN, Liu BW, Kang K, Gao Y

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Mechanism of Human Tooth Eruption: Review Article Including a New Theory for Future Studies on the Eruption Process by Inger Kjær

“…Human eruption is a unique developmental process in the organism. The aetiology or the mechanism behind eruption has never been fully understood and the scientific literature in the field is extremely sparse. …”
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A Changing Trend in Pattern of Maxillofacial Trauma in Mumbai: A Prospective Study by Anand Nikunj, Snehal N. Ingole, Noaman N. Kazi, Shirish Kujur, Mohan D. Deshpande, Pallavi A. Ranadive

“…Although fall was the main aetiological factor in our study, midfacial injuries were mainly due to assault and RTA. …”
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On the Significance of New Biochemical Markers for the Diagnosis of Premature Labour by Rafał Rzepka, Barbara Dołęgowska, Aleksandra Rajewska, Sebastian Kwiatkowski

“…Despite numerous studies on the aetiology and pathogenesis of preterm labour, its very cause still remains unclear. …”
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The Impact of Ischaemic Stroke Subtype on 30-day Hospital Readmissions by Anna Therese Bjerkreim, Andrej Netland Khanevski, Henriette Aurora Selvik, Ulrike Waje-Andreassen, Lars Thomassen, Halvor Naess, Nicola Logallo

“…Stroke subtype was classified as large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardioembolism (CE), small vessel occlusion (SVO), stroke of other determined aetiology (SOE), or stroke of undetermined aetiology (SUE). …”
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Postcoital Haemoptysis: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature by Emeka B. Kesieme, Browne C. Okonkwo, Peter O. Okokhere, Georgi Prisadov, Eghosa Aigbe, Christopher Affusim

“…Echocardiography revealed combined ischaemic and mitral valvular heart disease, probably of rheumatic aetiology. There has been no previous report in an African population. …”
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Silent enemy of the hand: The Viking disease by Stoiljković Vera

“…New knowledge about the aetiology of DK would significantly contribute to more effective treatment of this relapsing progressive disease.…”
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Concealed penis: A review of multilevel classification and surgical reconstruction techniques by Bo‐yu Xiang, Jing‐xuan Peng, Xue‐jun Shang, Xiong‐bing Zu, Dong‐jie Li

“…There is no ‘gold standard’ surgical treatment for CP, but there are various surgical methods available; therefore, individualized surgical plans should be created after a comprehensive evaluation based on the classification and aetiology of CP patients.…”
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Efficacy Comparison of Nitazoxanide Combined with Lactulose versus Lactulose Monotherapy in Managing Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy by Taimoor Hafeez Janjua, Amanat Ali, Sameer Ahmed, Sabeen Shakir, Zunera Rashid, Asma Irfan

“…Patient demographics, aetiology of cirrhosis, MELD score, and efficacy of treatment were assessed. …”
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Cryptosporidiosis in ruminants by Ferda Sevinç

“…Cryptosporidium parvum is a primary pathogen in the aetiology of neonalal diarrhea syndrome in ruminants. …”
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Qualitative cross-sectional study of the perceived causes of depression in South Asian origin women in Toronto by Kwame McKenzie, Samanthika Ekanayake, Farah Ahmad

“…None of our study participants reported spiritual, supernatural or religious factors as causes of depression.Conclusion A personal–social–cultural model emerged as the aetiological paradigm for depression. Given the perceived causation, psycho-social treatment methods may be more acceptable for South Asian origin women.…”
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