HIV-Associated Central Nervous System Disease in Patients Admitted at the Douala General Hospital between 2004 and 2009: A Retrospective Study by Henry Namme Luma, Benjamin Clet Nguenkam Tchaleu, Elvis Temfack, Marie Solange Doualla, Daniela Pamela Ntchankam Ndenga, Yacouba Njankouo Mapoure, Alfred Kinyuy Njamnshi, Vincent-de-Paul Djientcheu

“…The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, identify aetiological factors, and determine predictors of mortality in HIV patients with CNS disease. …”
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Severe Dilatation of Coronary Artery Ostium Complicating Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm: Differential Diagnosis and Review of the Literature by Paul Bamford, Nicholas Collins

“…Coronary artery dilatation may be due to various aetiologies including congenital anomalies, atherosclerotic coronary disease, and Kawasakis disease. …”
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A Nonfunctioning Pituitary Macroadenoma Presenting as Cyclical Vomiting and Severe Hyponatremia in a Young Female by Dinuka S. Warapitiya, Dimuthu Muthukuda, W. A. H. P. Sanjeewa, Kushalee Poornima Jayawickreme, Shyama Subasinghe

“…There can be multiple overlapping aetiologies for every observed symptom, sign, and abnormal investigation finding. …”
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The diagnostic conundrum of late-onset developmental regression in child psychiatry: case series by Shalu Elizabeth Abraham, Sakhardande Kasturi Atmaram, Poornima Khadanga, Nirmalya Mukherjee, Rajendra Kiragasur Madegowda, Harshini Manohar

“…For severe manifestations such as developmental regression, where the illness is still evolving, considering CDD as a non-aetiological and transitory/tentative diagnosis would aid against premature diagnostic categorisation and provide scope for ongoing aetiological search. …”
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Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Polemic and Open Issues by A. A. Sheptulin, M. A. Vize-Khripunova

“…The incidence of postinfectious IBS links to aetiological factors underlying the development of acute infectious gastroenteritis (bacteria, viruses or protozoans). …”
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Laryngeal Inflammatory Pseudotumour Secondary to Mycobacterium kansasii by Saif Al-Zahid, Tanwen Wright, Philip Reece

“…They can occur in different parts of the body and various aetiological factors have been proposed. To our knowledge this is the first case report of IPT of the larynx caused by mycobacterial disease. …”
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Laparoscopic Resection of a Gastric Plasma Cell Granuloma: A Case Report by Christopher Horn, Huw G. Jones, Gareth Leopold, Anna Mainwaring, Ashraf Rasheed

“…Subsequent imaging and laparoscopic transgastric resection of the lesion confirmed the presence of a plasma cell granuloma. We discuss the aetiologies, presentation, investigation, and treatment of this rare disorder and make recommendations on the management.…”
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A Case Report of Purtscher-Like Retinopathy Secondary to Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in an Immunocompromised Patient by Alastair David Bezzina, Isaac Bertuello

“…This case report expands the aetiological spectrum behind PLR and helps portray the disease process which, in some cases, leads to severe ischaemic sequelae.…”
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A Case of Hemophagocytic Syndrome due to Tuberculosis: Uncommon Manifestation of a Common Disease by Arijit Singha, Adreesh Mukherjee, Riddhi Dasgupta, Tapas Das

“…Secondary HLH occurs due to infection mostly viruses but other aetiologies are also important as early detection and treatment may improve survival. …”
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Ostéochondronécroses articulaires by Silvia Boccone, Rosa Boano, Enzo Fulcheri, Emma Rabino Massa

“…Generically defined by some authors as ostechondritis dissecans, osteochondrosis includes lesions that can be very different aetiologically (post-traumatic, genetic, arthritic/degenerative).…”
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Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Associated with Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Abuse in a Young Bodybuilder: A Case Report by Aline Hardt, Dirk Stippel, Margarete Odenthal, Arnulf H. Hölscher, Hans-Peter Dienes, Uta Drebber

“…The presented case may indicate aetiological association of chronic intake of AAS and the development of HCC.…”
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Chronic Hepatitis C with Cyanosis by Mahmood Alawainati, Jawad Khamis, Muneer Abdulla, Saeed Alsaeed

“…There are multiple aetiologies for dyspnea in patients with liver disease, including pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, hepatic hydrothorax, portopulmonary syndrome, and hepatopulmonary syndrome. …”
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Vitamin D Deficiency Presenting as Proximal Myopathy: An Overlooked Diagnosis - A Case Series and Review of the Literature by Venkatraman Rajkumar

“…The literature on endocrine myopathy does not highlight this condition as much as it does the thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal aetiologies. Testing for vitamin D deficiency is simple, and treatment is available all over the world. …”
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The Value of Desmethylclozapine and Serum CRP in Clozapine Toxicity: A Case Report by Khalid Abou Farha, Andre van Vliet, Henderikus Knegtering, Richard Bruggeman

“…This report indicates the value of serum levels of C-reactive protein and desmethylclozapine, major metabolite of clozapine, in the treatment of aetiologically unclear clozapine toxicity.…”
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The Inflammatory Response to Miniaturised Extracorporeal Circulation: A Review of the Literature by Hunaid A. Vohra, Robert Whistance, Amit Modi, Sunil K. Ohri

“…Conventional cardiopulmonary bypass can trigger a systemic inflammatory response syndrome similar to sepsis. Aetiological factors include surgical trauma, reperfusion injury, and, most importantly, contact of the blood with the synthetic surfaces of the heart-lung machine. …”
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Surgical Reconstruction of the Urinary Sphincter after Traumatic Longitudinal Disruption by Peter Rehder, Florian Schillfahrt, Viktor Skradski

“…We describe three cases of urethral sphincter injury of different aetiologies. All resulted in a total longitudinal disruption of the muscular components of the urethral sphincter complex. …”
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Priapism in Antipsychotic Drug Use: A Rare but Important Side Effect by Igne Sinkeviciute, Rune A. Kroken, Erik Johnsen

“…Most antipsychotic drugs are alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists, which is thought to be the principal mechanism involved in antipsychotic-induced priapism. Other aetiologies exist, however. A case is presented with multiple episodes of priapism during the use of several different antipsychotic drugs. …”
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Frequency of Temporomandibular Disorders in Asymptomatic Removable Partial and Complete Denture Wearers by N. Dulčić, V. Jerolimov, J. Pandurić

“…A dogmatic view on occlusion as the main aetiological factor for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has been present in the literature for a long time, but a direct scientific correlation between occlusal disorders and TMD has never been proven. …”
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Presenting as Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus by Aleksei Rakitin, Riina Vibo, Vaiko Veikat, Anne Õunapuu, Aive Liigant, Sulev Haldre

“…In some patients, epileptic activity and encephalopathy from various aetiologies may share morphological features on EEG. …”
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Uterine Rupture after Laparoscopic Myomectomy in Two Cases: Real Complication or Malpractice? by Antonella Vimercati, Vittoria Del Vecchio, Annarosa Chincoli, Antonio Malvasi, Ettore Cicinelli

“…We describe two cases of uterine rupture in pregnancy after laparoscopic myomectomy and analyze all the aetiological factors involved in this circumstance according to the recent literature, focusing above all on the surgical procedures and the characteristics of the excised myomas. …”
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