Global, regional, and national burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution among adults aged 70 and above in 1990–2021 and projected to 2044 by Ke-Jie He, Haitao Wang, Jianguang Xu, Guoyu Gong

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β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate-enriched nutritional supplements for obese adults during weight loss: study protocol of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial by Ming Yang, Xiaofan Jing, Yuxiang Liang, Renjie Wang, Hongbo Fu, Jiaojiao Jiang

“…Dietary supplements for improving body composition while inducing weight loss are therefore needed. β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) has been proven to be effective for improving muscle mass and muscle strength in athletes, older adults and patients with cancer. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of HMB-enriched nutritional supplements for improving muscle mass and muscle function in obese adults during calorie restriction.Method and analysis A total of 72 Chinese adults with obesity will be randomised to receive HMB-enriched nutritional supplements (65 g/day) or a placebo for 12 weeks. …”
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New job, new habits? A multilevel interrupted time series analysis of changes in diet, physical activity and sleep among young adults starting work for the first time by Alena F. Oxenham, Tanya Braune, Esther van Sluijs, Hannah Fairbrother, Adam Martin, Eleanor M. Winpenny

“…Conclusions This is the first study to examine how diet, physical activity, and sleep in young adults change as they start employment in the UK. …”
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Long Term School Based Deworming against Soil-Transmitted Helminths Also Benefits the Untreated Adult Population: Results from a Community-Wide Cross Sectional Survey by Paul M. Gichuki, Gabriel Mbugua, Edwin K. Kiplelgo, Tabitha W. Irungu, Charles Mwandawiro

“…Of the 13 STH infections, seven of the infections were of school going age (6-18 years), 5 were of preschool age (<6 years), and one was of adult age group (18>). More male (61.5%) than female were infected with STH. …”
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Determining correct tracheal tube insertion depth by measuring distance between endotracheal tube cuff and vocal cords by ultrasound in Chinese adults: a prospective case-control study by Xuanling Chen, Wenwen Zhai, Zhuoying Yu, Jiao Geng, Min Li

“…The purpose of this study was to verify the feasibility of using ultrasound to measure the distance between the upper edge of saline-inflated cuff and the vocal cords.Design Prospective case-control study.Setting A tertiary hospital in Beijing, China.Methods In this prospective study, 105 adult patients who required general anaesthesia were enrolled. …”
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A phenomenological qualitative study based on the multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change to identify factors and ways to design interventions for quitting gambling among older adults by Laurencia BONSU, Sidath KAPUKOTUWA, Anita CHATTERJEE, Asma AWAN, Manoj SHARMA

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Corticosterone rapidly modulates dorsomedial hypothalamus serotonin and behavior in an estrogen- and progesterone-dependent manner in adult female rats: potential role of organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) by Jamie L. Scholl, Joshua T. Rogers, Na Feng, Gina L. Forster, Michael J. Watt, Jazmine D. W. Yaeger, Michael W. Buchanan, Christopher A. Lowry, Kenneth J. Renner

“…Previous studies have shown that corticosterone rapidly alters extracellular serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) concentrations in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of adult male rats, suggesting a role for corticosterone actions in the DMH in regulation of physiological and behavioral responses. …”
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Identification of a novel heterozygous GPD1 missense variant in a Chinese adult patient with recurrent HTG-AP consuming a high-fat diet and heavy smoking by Xiao-Yao Li, Bei-Yuan Zhang, Xin-Ran Liang, Yan-Yu Han, Min-Hua Cheng, Mei Wei, Ke Cao, Xian-Cheng Chen, Ming Chen, Jian-Feng Duan, Wen-Kui Yu

“…The gene defect has rarely been reported in adult HTG patients. In the present study, we described the clinical and functional analyses of a novel GPD1 missense variant in a Chinese adult patient with recurrent hypertriglyceridemia‑related acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP), consuming a high-fat diet and smoking heavily. …”
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BMI, HOMA-IR, and Fasting Blood Glucose Are Significant Predictors of Peripheral Nerve Dysfunction in Adult Overweight and Obese Nondiabetic Nepalese Individuals: A Study from Central Nepal by Lekhjung Thapa, P. V. S. Rana

“…In this cross-sectional study, we included 50 adult overweight and obese nondiabetic volunteers without features of peripheral neuropathy and 50 healthy volunteers to determine the normative nerve conduction data. …”
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Integrated Evaluation of Age-Related Changes in Structural and Functional Vascular Parameters Used to Assess Arterial Aging, Subclinical Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Risk in Uruguayan Adults: CUiiDARTE Project by Daniel Bia, Yanina Zócalo, Ignacio Farro, Juan Torrado, Federico Farro, Lucía Florio, Alicia Olascoaga, Javier Brum, Walter Alallón, Carlos Negreira, Ricardo Lluberas, Ricardo L. Armentano

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Association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and risk of new-onset hypertension in middle-aged and older adults with prediabetes: evidence from a large national cohort study by Lanlan Li, Lanlan Li, Linqiang Xi, Qianhui Wang

“…PurposeChinese Visceral Adiposity Index (CVAI) has been found significantly associated with hypertension in general and type-2 diabetes adults. However, the predictive value of CVAI for the incidence of hypertension in adults with prediabetes is unclear. …”
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Negative perceptions toward older adults and life satisfaction among community-dwelling older citizens in Japan [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations] by Yuho Shimizu, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomoki Furuya, Ai Iizuka, Keigo Hinakura, Tomoya Takahashi, Yan Li, Daichi Yamashiro, Yoshifumi Takahashi, Daisuke Cho, Susumu Ogawa, Kenichiro Sato

“…Background With the rapid aging of the population, increasing life satisfaction among older adults is essential. Negative perceptions of older adults are internalized, leading to poor mental health. …”
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Liver Imaging and Data System (LI-RADS) Version 2018 and Other Imaging Features in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in Chinese Adults with vs. without Chronic Hepatitis B Viral Infection by Ying-ying Liang, Shuo Shao, Sichi Kuang, Jingbiao Chen, Jing Zhou, Bingjun He, Linqi Zhang, Yao Zhang, Kathryn J. Fowler, Jin Wang

“…To describe liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) version 2018 and other MRI imaging features in intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) in Chinese adults with vs. without chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection. …”
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Clinical Features at Onset and Genetic Characterization of Pediatric and Adult Patients with TNF-α Receptor—Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS): A Series of 80 Cases from the AIDA Network by Carla Gaggiano, Antonio Vitale, Laura Obici, Giampaolo Merlini, Alessandra Soriano, Ombretta Viapiana, Marco Cattalini, Maria Cristina Maggio, Giuseppe Lopalco, Davide Montin, Masen Abdel Jaber, Lorenzo Dagna, Raffaele Manna, Antonella Insalaco, Matteo Piga, Francesco La Torre, Virginia Berlengiero, Viviana Gelardi, Luisa Ciarcia, Giacomo Emmi, Piero Ruscitti, Francesco Caso, Rolando Cimaz, José Hernández-Rodríguez, Paola Parronchi, Ludovico Luca Sicignano, Elena Verrecchia, Florenzo Iannone, Jurgen Sota, Salvatore Grosso, Carlo Salvarani, Bruno Frediani, Roberto Giacomelli, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Alessandra Renieri, Donato Rigante, Luca Cantarini

“…A positive family history for recurrent fever was reported more frequently in the pediatric group than in the adult group (p<0.05). With reference to clinical features during attacks, pericarditis and myalgia were reported more frequently in the context of adult-onset disease than in the pediatric age (with p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively), while abdominal pain was present in 84% of children and in 25% of adults (p<0.01). …”
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What sustain Chinese adult second language (L2) learners' engagement in online classes?... by Yanyan Li, Wentao Liu, Shuai Ren

“…We employed a sequential mixed-methods approach with 367 adult L2 learners enrolled in online language courses at three universities in China. …”
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Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines up to 6 months post three-dose primary series in adults with inborn errors of immunity and their breakthrough infections by Dana Unninayar, Emilia L. Falcone, Hugo Chapdelaine, Donald C. Vinh, Karina A. Top, Beata Derfalvi, Thomas B. Issekutz, Hélène Decaluwe, Anne Pham-Huy, Julia Upton, Stephen D. Betschel, Tamar Rubin, Sneha Suresh, Nicola A. M. Wright, Luis Murguía-Favela, Tatiana Kalashnikova, Lisa Barrett, Sharon Oldford, Marc-Andre Langlois, Corey Arnold, Manish Sadarangani, Tinghua Zhang, Tim Ramsay, Dina Yazji, Juthaporn Cowan, Juthaporn Cowan

“…Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine HI and CMI responses up to 6 months post-COVID-19 vaccine dose 3 in adults with IEIs.MethodsA multi-center prospective observational study was conducted across Canada to collect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific HI and CMI data at 4- and 24-week intervals after vaccine doses 2 and 3 (D2 + 4wk/D2 + 24wk/D3 + 4wk/D3 + 24wk).ResultsA total of 149 adults with IEIs and 423 healthy controls were recruited from July 2021 to October 2023. …”
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Impact of Novel Guidelines on Multifactorial Control and Its Association with Mortality in Adult Patients with Hypertension and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A 4-Year Prospective Multicenter Study by Ngoc-Thanh-Van Nguyen, Hoa Ngoc Chau, Nam Hoai Le, Hai Hoang Nguyen, Hoai-An Nguyen

“…This prospective, observational study involved adult hypertensive patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus at two university hospitals in Vietnam. …”
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Relationship between social support, functional outcomes and health-related quality of life in working-aged adults at three months after ischemic stroke: results from the FRAILTY study by Elena Gurková, Daniela Bartoníčková, Daniel Šaňák, Šárka Šaňáková, Jana Zapletalová, Lenka Štureková

“…Aim To assess the relationship between perceived social support, functional outcomes, post-stroke psychosocial symptoms, and HRQoL in working-aged adults three months after IS. Methods A prospective and correlational design was used. …”
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The development of a CBT-informed approach to supporting type 2 diabetes self-management by Elné Visagie, Elné Visagie, Elmari Deacon, Rümando Kok, Rümando Kok

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Correlation between axial and coronal common bile duct diameters in computed tomography: a retrospective study of 1064 patients by Adisak Kasemassawachanont, Natinee Chuangsuwanich, Wanicha Lertpipopmetha, Nutthanun Panrong, Kittipott Thusneyapan, Sasima Tongsai, Napakadol Noppakunsomboon, Rathachai Kaewlai

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