The preference for surprise in reinforcement learning underlies the differences in developmental changes in risk preference between autistic and neurotypical youth by Motofumi Sumiya, Kentaro Katahira, Hironori Akechi, Atsushi Senju

“…Conclusions These findings indicate that for NTP people, adolescence is a developmental period involving risk preference, possibly due to lower surprise aversion. …”
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Parental Involvement in the Transition from Paediatric to Adult Care for Youth with Chronic Illness: A Scoping Review of the North American Literature by Bryn Badour, Amanda Bull, Abha A. Gupta, Raza M. Mirza, Christopher A. Klinger

“…There is accordant growing interest toward supporting adolescents throughout the transition from paediatric to adult care. …”
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Genetic Information to Share with Parents when Newborn Screening Reveals the Presence of Sickle Cell Trait by Narcisse Elenga

“…This information on sickle cell trait status should be given in at least three key periods: the neonatal period, early adolescence, and later adolescence, when reproductive implications become important. …”
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Development and psychometric validation of the digital socialization scale by Khubaib Khalid, Noman Aftab, Maaz Ahmed, Zeba Khan, Maria Muzaffar Janjua

“…Digital socialization, is a process by which individuals, particularly adolescents, acquire skills, norms, and behaviors through digital interactions, has become increasingly significant in the context of modern social dynamics. …”
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Creating a safe place to sleep: an analysis of night care staff interventions to reduce evening and night-time disturbance in a residential care unit by Margaret Conlon

“…Behaviours and internal constructions regarding the meaning and purpose of sleep are established very early in the infant’s life and continue through adolescence to adulthood. A sensitive and attuned caregiver will initiate interaction and be responsive to the infant’s needs. …”

Protective and Risk Parenting Styles for Internet and Online Gambling Addiction by Cristina Serna, Joan García-Perales, Isabel Martínez

“…Study sample was 512 adolescents aged between 16 and 21 years (63.9% females, M=18.7, SD=1.8). …”
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MESS to live with schizophrenic parental history: A systematic review of developmental checkpoints. by Maryam Khan, Rabia Batool, Uzma Mushtaq, Shakir Iqbal, Sana Shaheen, Aimen Zafar Butt, Anees Ahmed

“…However, the developmental patterns of such children and adolescents before the onset of the problem have not yet been systematically documented. …”
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Parental mediation and the use of social networks: A systematic review. by David Sevilla-Fernández, Adoración Díaz-López, Vanessa Caba-Machado, Juan Manuel Machimbarrena, Jessica Ortega-Barón, Joaquín González-Cabrera

“…Social networks are used daily by almost all adolescents and young people. They are used extensively, and their positive aspects are well-known, but they present multiple risks. …”
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A review of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in endocrine-related disorders by Nur Faten Hafizah Rosli, Noor Shafina Mohd Nor, Rose Adzrianee Adnan, Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir

“…Several studies have reported the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents. With changes in socioeconomic status and lifestyle, vitamin D-deficient individuals are prone to developing the disease at a young age. …”
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High Levels of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Children at the Onset of Diabetes by Barbara Predieri, Lorenzo Iughetti, Cristiana Guerranti, Patrizia Bruzzi, Guido Perra, Silvano E. Focardi

“…Forty-four children and adolescents were recruited and subdivided into two groups: (A) 25 subjects with type 1 diabetes and (B) 19 healthy controls. …”
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Hooliganism as a problem of public order in the Ukrainian SSR in the early 1950s by V. A. Grechenko

“…Homelessness and neglect of children and adolescents played a detrimental role in the escalation of hooliganism in the 1950s. …”
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Opportunities and Risks of Vaccination Progress by Veronika Grimm, Franziska K. Lembcke, Milena Schwarz

“…It also addresses the long-term perspectives and challenges, e. g. with regard to the vaccination of children and adolescents or the global vaccination progress.…”
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“Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in Children: Two Case Reports and Review of the Literature” by Gerdi Tuli, Jessica Munarin, Daniele Tessaris, Raffaele Buganza, Patrizia Matarazzo, Luisa De Sanctis

“…Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a rare disorder in children and adolescents. Typical biochemical features are hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia, but the clinical features can be heterogeneous, and in some cases, symptoms are vague and nonspecific, leading to misdiagnosis or late diagnosis. …”
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Heart Morphometry in Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction by Claudia Joffre Fríaz, Ninive Nuñez López, Laura López Marín, María Antonia Cruz, Laymit Alonso Padilla

“…These changes were observed in both sexes during adolescence and showed a slight predominance in adult males. …”
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Getting Better or Worse? General Health Status of 9th Grade Students in Orhangazi, Bursa, Turkey by Zuleyha Alper, Hakan Ozdemir, Yesim Uncu, Alis Ozcakir, Ganime Sadikoglu, Nuran Bayram

“…Adolescence is a transition phase from childhood to adulthood. …”
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Femoral Head Coverage Assessment in Healthy Children Younger than 6 Years by Suvorov Vasyl, Filipchuk Viktor, Zyablovskyi Evhen

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Have the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown affected children’s mental health in the long term? A repeated cross-sectional study by Alan Johnson, Sayan Mukherjee, Sushant Mane, Manas Pustake, Ajit Bhagwat, Mohammad Arfat Ganiyani, Misba Sayed, Varada Mithbavkar, Zaid Memon, Abdus Samad Momin, Krishna Deshmukh, Ayush Chordia, Sabyasachi Parida, Sanket Warghade, Deepankar Varma

“…Regression models were constructed to predict the factors affecting increased anxiety levels and depressive symptoms in the COVID-19 period.Results 832 and 1255 children/adolescents were included in the study during the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 times, respectively. …”
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What Middle Schoolers Want to Talk About by Suzanna Smith

“…However, only about a quarter of adolescents nationwide find their parents ‘approachable and available to talk.’” …”
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What Middle Schoolers Want to Talk About by Suzanna Smith

“…However, only about a quarter of adolescents nationwide find their parents ‘approachable and available to talk.’” …”
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Computer Game Use and Television Viewing Increased Risk for Overweight among Low Activity Girls: Fourth Thai National Health Examination Survey 2008-2009 by Ladda Mo-suwan, Jiraluck Nontarak, Wichai Aekplakorn, Warapone Satheannoppakao

“…Studies of the relationship between sedentary behaviors and overweight among children and adolescents show mixed results. The fourth Thai National Health Examination Survey data collected between 2008 and 2009 were used to explore this association in 5,999 children aged 6 to 14 years. …”
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