X chromosome-wide association studies in neurological disorders: uncovering the hidden influence of the X chromosome by Kathryn Step, Kathryn Step, Thiago Peixoto Leal, Walaa A. Kamel, Emily Waldo, Soraya Bardien, Soraya Bardien, Soraya Bardien, Ignacio F. Mata

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The probability to initiate X chromosome inactivation is determined by the X to autosomal ratio and X chromosome specific allelic properties. by Kim Monkhorst, Bas de Hoon, Iris Jonkers, Eskeatnaf Mulugeta Achame, Wouter Monkhorst, Jos Hoogerbrugge, Eveline Rentmeester, Hans V Westerhoff, Frank Grosveld, J Anton Grootegoed, Joost Gribnau

“…<h4>Background</h4>In female mammalian cells, random X chromosome inactivation (XCI) equalizes the dosage of X-encoded gene products to that in male cells. …”
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Defective X-chromosome inactivation and cancer risk in women by Alejandro Cáceres, Luis A. Pérez-Jurado, Albert Alegret-García, Varun B. Dwaraka, Ryan Smith, Juan R. González

“…Abstract X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a fundamental mechanism in placental mammals that compensates for gene dosage differences between sexes. …”
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Exploring the genetic basis of violence: The impact of Y and X chromosomes by Santiago Cadena-Ullauri, Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo, Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo, Patricia Guevara-Ramírez, Elius Paz-Cruz, Daniel Simancas-Racines, Ana Karina Zambrano

“…The monoamino oxidase A () gene influences neurotransmitter catabolism and is located on the X chromosome. Polymorphisms, such as tandem repeat variants associated with low transcriptional activity, have been linked to aggression, particularly in men, as X chromosome inactivation complicates studies in women. …”
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Accelerated adaptive evolution on a newly formed X chromosome. by Doris Bachtrog, Jeffrey D Jensen, Zhi Zhang

“…Here, we document a new feature of sex chromosome evolution: bursts of adaptive fixations on a newly formed X chromosome. Taking advantage of the recently formed neo-X chromosome of Drosophila miranda, we compare patterns of DNA sequence variation at genes located on the neo-X to genes on the ancestral X chromosome. …”
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Transcriptomic signatures of rare variant impacts across sex and the X chromosome by Rachel A. Ungar, Taibo Li, Nikolai G. Vetr, Nicole Ersaro, Alexis Battle, Stephen B. Montgomery

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Ubinuclein 2 is essential for mouse development and functions in X chromosome inactivation. by Asun Monfort, Giulio Di Minin, Sarah Sting, Charles Etienne Dumeau, Peter Scambler, Anton Wutz

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Improved computation of genomic and pedigree inbreeding and relationships accounting for the X chromosome by Juan P. Nani, Gerald B. Jansen, Hafedh Ben Zaabza, Paul M. VanRaden

“…The X chromosome contributes to inbreeding in female progeny, for example, if parents with the same X chromosome are mated. …”
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P794: Challenges in microarray analysis and interpretation of incidental findings on the X chromosome by Leena Baker, Heather Major, Jaime Nagy

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Faster adaptation but slower divergence of X chromosomes under paternal genome elimination by Robert B. Baird, Thomas J. Hitchcock, Jan Ševčík, Katy M. Monteith, Andy Gardner, Laura Ross, Andrew J. Mongue

“…We discover that, unlike well-studied systems, X chromosomes diverge more slowly than autosomes in these flies. …”
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The Polycomb group protein EED is dispensable for the initiation of random X-chromosome inactivation. by Sundeep Kalantry, Terry Magnuson

“…The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) plays an essential role in mammalian X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), a model system to investigate heritable gene silencing. …”
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Age-Dependent DNA Methylation Variability on the X-Chromosome in Male and Female Twins by Qihua Tan, Hikmat Alo, Marianne Nygaard, Mette Sørensen, Alisa Saleh, Jonas Mengel-From, Kaare Christensen

“…We aimed to explore the age-dependent epigenetic variability on the X-chromosome with consideration of X-chromosome inactivation by applying a sex-stratified regression analysis to DNA methylation array data on X-linked CpGs in aging identical twins. …”
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B cell stimulation changes the structure and higher-order organization of the inactive X chromosome by Isabel Sierra, Natalie E. Toothacre, Robin H. van der Weide, Claudia D. Lovell, Son C. Nguyen, R. Jordan Barnett, Ashley L. Cook, Han-Seul Ryu, Sarah Pyfrom, Harrison Wang, Daniel Beiting, Jennifer E. Philips-Cremins, Eric F. Joyce, Montserrat C. Anguera

“…Summary: X chromosome inactivation (XCI) equalizes X-linked gene expression between sexes. …”
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Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach by Biljana Spremo-Potparević, Petar Popović, Dijana Topalović, Andrea Pirković, George Perry, Lada Živković

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Genetic Polymorphisms and Forensic Parameters of Thirteen X-Chromosome Markers in the Iraqi Kurdish Population by Ara K. Mohammad, Bahez Ismael, Khanzad Ahmed Ali, Balnd M. Albarzinji

“…X-chromosome short tandem repeat (X-STR) tools are crucial in forensic genetics and human population fields. …”
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CTCF-mediated insulation and chromatin environment modulate Car5b escape from X inactivation by He Fang, Ana R. Tronco, Giancarlo Bonora, Truong Nguyen, Jitendra Thakur, Joel B. Berletch, Galina N. Filippova, Steven Henikoff, Jay Shendure, William S. Noble, Zhijun Duan, Christine M. Disteche, Xinxian Deng

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The history of X-chromosome inactivation and relation of recent findings to understanding of human X-linked conditions by M F Lyon

“… This paper represents the text of two lectures given on the occasion of a Workshop on the X-Chromosome held at Hacettepe University, Ankara, in September 1994. …”
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trans-Acting Factors and cis Elements Involved in the Human Inactive X Chromosome Organization and Compaction by Zhuo Sun, Jinbo Fan, Yufeng Zhao

“…During X chromosome inactivation, many chromatin changes occur on the future inactive X chromosome, including acquisition of a variety of repressive covalent histone modifications, heterochromatin protein associations, and DNA methylation of promoters. …”
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Condensin IDC, DPY-21, and CEC-4 maintain X chromosome repression in C. elegans. by Jessica Trombley, Audry I Rakozy, Christian A McClear, Eshna Jash, Györgyi Csankovszki

“…Beyond the role of condensin IDC in X chromosome compaction, additional mechanisms contribute to X-linked gene repression. …”
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Targeting microRNA-dependent control of X chromosome inactivation improves the Rett Syndrome phenotype by Song Lou, Rachisan DJiake Tihagam, Urszula N. Wasko, Zaffar Equbal, Sanjay Venkatesan, Klaudia Braczyk, Piotr Przanowski, Bon Il Koo, Ilyas Saltani, Arjun Tushir Singh, Shibi Likhite, Samantha Powers, George M. P. R. Souza, Robert A. Maxwell, Jun Yu, Lihua J. Zhu, Mark Beenhakker, Stephen B. G. Abbott, Zhipeng Lu, Michael R. Green, Kathrin C. Meyer, Jogender Tushir-Singh, Sanchita Bhatnagar

“…Abstract X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is induced by Xist long non-coding RNA and protein-coding genes. …”
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