Global, regional and national sodium intakes in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis of 24 h urinary sodium excretion and dietary surveys worldwide by J Lennert Veerman, Sarah Lewis, John Britton, Bruce Neal, Kathryn G Andrews, Goodarz Danaei, Majid Ezzati, Yanping Li, Yu Chen, Farshad Farzadfar, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, Idris Guessous, Lital Keinan-Boker, Paul Elliott, Carukshi Arambepola, Antonia Trichopoulou, Philippos Orfanos, Martin C Gulliford, Renata Micha, Dariush Mozaffarian, Wen-Harn Pan, Shoichiro Tsugane, Habibul Ahsan, Manami Inoue, Luz Maria Sanchez-Romero, Andrew Fogarty, Christos Pitsavos, Edward Giovannucci, Stefaan De Henauw, Stephen S Lim, Cho-il Kim, Inge Huybrechts, Didier Garriguet, Simón Barquera, Katia Castetbon, Neville Calleja, Peilin Shi, Hsing-Yi Chang, Yasuhiro Matsumura, Hubert Barennes, Guansheng Ma, Shahab Khatibzadeh, Saman Fahimi, John Powles, Morteza Abdollahi, Anahita Houshiar-rad, Eda Koksal, Sahar Zaghloul, Sirje Vaask, Ana Baylin, Simon Forsyth, Rosely Sichieri, Christian Haerpfer, Ian Brown, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Jacqui Webster, Androniki Naska, Dorothy Gauci, Rebecca E Engell, Tim E Byers, Stephanie Smith-Warner, Ibrahim Elmadfa, Mayuree Rao, Pamela A Abbott, Enrique O Abeyá Gilardon, Suad N Al-Hooti, Wulf Becker, Peter Bjerregaard, Lesley T Bourne, Mario V Capanzana, Melanie J Cowan, Dulitha N Fernando, Regina M Fisberg, Brahmam NV Ginnela, Wilbur Hadden, Daniel J Hoffman, Nahla C Hwalla, Hajah Masni Ibrahim, Maria D Jackson, Lars Johansson, Hae-Jeung Lee, Chan Mei Fen, Gert BM Mensink, Rafael A Monge-Rojas, Balakrishna Nagalla, Marga C Ocke, Maciej Oltarzewski, Marja-Leena Ovaskainen, Gulden Ayla Pekcan, Stefka Petrova, Noppawan Piaseu, Leanne M Riley, Rusidah BT Selamat, Chansimaly Simmala, Laufey Steingrimsdottir, Gillian Swan, Lucjan Szponar, Heli Tapanainen, Robert Templeton, Anastasia Thanopoulou, Holmfridur Thorgeirsdóttir, Inga Thorsdottir, Aida Turrini, Nowak Verena, Anna Waskiewicz, Gábor Zajkás, Shadi Kalantarian, Pattra Wirojratana, Mary Anne Land, Tricia McKeever, Mohannad Abed Alfattah Al Nsour, Medical Science, Heléne Enghardt Barbieri, Aida Filipovic Hadziomeragic, Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto, Stephen T. McGarvey, Abdulrahman Obaid. Musaiger, Luz Gladys. Posada, Elz˙bieta Halina. Sygnowska

“…Regional mean intakes in North America, Western Europe and Australia/New Zealand ranged from 3.4 to 3.8 g/day. …”
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Pirfenidone Inhibits Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension through the NADPH/ROS/p38 Pathway in Adventitial Fibroblasts in the Pulmonary Artery by Song Zhang, ZongXiu Yin, WeiDong Qin, XiaoLi Ma, Yao Zhang, EnXiu Liu, YanBiao Chu

“…The expression levels of smooth muscle alpha-actin (a-SMA) and procollagen I (COL1A1) were assessed by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. PFD suppressed hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of HPAAFs. …”
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Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Trophoblast Cell Proliferation and Migration by Targeting TFPI2 in Preeclampsia by Ying Chen, Chenchen Zhou, Xiaobo Zhao, Ronghua Che, Yuelin Wu, Sheng Wan, Jinda Pei, Liping Yao, Xiaolin Hua

“…Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles were verified by western blot. HTR8-S/Vneo cell proliferation was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, and cell migration rate was assessed by the transwell assay. …”
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Ginkgolide B Protects Cardiomyocytes from Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertrophy via Regulation of Autophagy through SIRT1-FoxO1 by Qingyuan Jiang, Ming Lu, Jinyu Li, Zhongsheng Zhu

“…Proteins involved in autophagy and the SIRT1 pathway were determined by western blot. Our data demonstrated that GB attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and reduced the mRNA expressions of hypertrophy marker, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC). …”
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Exploring language learning and corrective feedback in an eTandem project by Tang Jinlan, Qian Kan, Wang Na, Hu Xiaona

“…Many studies about eTandem and language learning stem from learners in Western institutions of higher education. Unfortunately, there is a lack of research investigating the telecollaboration regarding language development between learners in the East and the West. …”
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Histone Deacetylation Regulated by KDM1A to Suppress DACT1 in Proliferation and Migration of Cervical Cancer by Lingjuan Zeng, Chunyan Chen, Chanjiao Yao

“…The expression levels of KDM1A and DACT1 in cervical cancer cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot. Results. TCGA database showed that cervical cancer tissues had elevated expression of KDM1A and decreased expression of DACT1, which was consistent with the observation in cervical cancer cell lines. …”
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Bulgarian tourism and the problem of poverty alleviation in Bulgaria by Preslav Mihaylov Dimitrov, Rouska Kraseta, Boiko Dimitrov

“…These two sub-questions, these two issues, have been chosen deliberately as the usual excuse of the representatives of the Bulgarian tourism industry for the much weaker results in comparison to the neighboring competing countries is that the tourists who come usually to Bulgaria from Western Europe are poorer. Another reason for the above posed questions is the contentiously repeated in the Bulgarian society “mantra” that the tourism sector in the country will grow on its own without any need of government support and direction and it will lead to a steady increase in the disposable incomes of the employed personnel. …”
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Anticancer effect of the antirheumatic drug leflunomide on oral squamous cell carcinoma by the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by Chieko Niwata, Takayuki Nakagawa, Takako Naruse, Miyuki Sakuma, Nao Yamakado, Misaki Akagi, Shigehiro Ono, Kei Tobiume, Jing Gao, Eijiro Jimi, Kouji Ohta, Tomonao Aikawa

“…The DHODH inhibitory effect of LEF was evaluated by Western blot. To assess the suppression of pyrimidine biosynthesis induced by LEF on OSCC, cell proliferation assays with or without uridine supplementation were performed. …”
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Informing grassland ecosystem modeling with in-situ and remote sensing observations by Johny Arteaga, Melannie D Hartman, William J Parton, Maosi Chen, Wei Gao

“…We simulated historical grassland aboveground plant productivity (ANPP) across the midwestern and western contiguous United States using the DayCent-UV ecosystem model. …”
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Tacrolimus Protects Podocytes from Apoptosis via Downregulation of TRPC6 in Diabetic Nephropathy by Ruixia Ma, Ying Wang, Yan Xu, Rui Wang, Xianghua Wang, Ning Yu, Minghui Li, Yan Zhou

“…Nephrin and TRPC6 protein expression and podocyte apoptotic rates in vivo and in vitro were measured using immunohistochemical staining, TUNEL assays, and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot was used to measure expression of cleaved-caspase-3 and bax/bcl-2. …”
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Thy1-YFP: an effective tool for single cell tracing from neuronal progenitors to mature functionally active neurons by Ante Plećaš, Katarina Kapuralin, Leonarda Grandverger, Dinko Mitrečić, Ivan Alić

“…Our data showed a significant decrease of neural stem cells markers and a substantial increase in neuronal markers during differentiation, analysed by immunocytochemistry, quantitative PCR and western blot. To assess synaptic maturation, neurons were further analysed by quantitative PCR and immunocytochemistry. …”
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Hepatic Stellate Cell-Derived Microvesicles Prevent Hepatocytes from Injury Induced by APAP/H2O2 by Renwei Huang, Qunwen Pan, Xiaotang Ma, Yan Wang, Yaolong Liang, Bingyan Dai, Xiaorong Liao, Mingyi Li, Huilai Miao

“…Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and hoechst33258 staining. Western blot was used for analyzing the expression of activated caspase-3. …”
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Local and Systemic IKKε and NF-κB Signaling Associated with Sjögren’s Syndrome Immunopathogenesis by Weiqian Chen, Jin Lin, Heng Cao, Danyi Xu, Bei Xu, Liqin Xu, Lihuan Yue, Chuanyin Sun, Guolin Wu, Wenbin Qian

“…Meanwhile, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pSS patients, pIKKε, total IKKε, pIKKα/β, and p-p65 were significantly increased by western blot, compared to healthy controls. However, there was no difference in IKKγ and IκBα between pSS patients and healthy individuals. …”
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Pioglitazone Attenuates Vascular Fibrosis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats by Dengfeng Gao, Ning Ning, Guanghua Hao, Xiaolin Niu

“…Twelve weeks later, we evaluated the effect of pioglitazone on vascular fibrosis by Masson’s trichrome and immunohistochemical staining of collagen III and real-time RT-PCR analysis of collagen I, III and fibronectin mRNA.Vascular expression of PPAR-γ and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, western blot analysis, and real-time RT-PCR. Results. …”
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Genetic diversity of the Aporrectodea caliginosa complex in Russia by S. V. Shekhovtsov, E. V. Golovanova, N. E. Bazarova, Yu. N. Belova, D. I. Berman, E. A. Derzhinsky, M. P. Shashkov, S. E. Peltek

“…In addition, we analyzed two A. longa individuals from West Siberia and the Urals; their cox1 sequences were identical to those from the lineage 1 of this species from the north of Western Europe. These are the first reports of A. c. trapezoides and A. longa from West Siberia. …”
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Nanoemulsion and Encapsulation Strategy of Hydrophobic Oregano Essential Oil Increased Human Prostate Cancer Cell Death via Apoptosis by Attenuating Lipid Metabolism by Haribalan Perumalsamy, Rajeshkumar Shanmugam, Jun-Ran Kim, Gokulanathan Anandapadmanaban, Md. Amdadul Huq, Kamal Dua, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Tae Hyun Yoon, Sri Renukadevi Balusamy

“…The lipid biogenesis mediated, molecular target pathway analyses were performed using fluorescence cellular staining techniques, real-time RT-PCR, or western blotting analysis. OENE showed IC50 at 13.82 µg/mL and significantly induced distinct morphological changes, including cell shrinkage, cell density, and cell shape reduction. …”
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EGCG Maintains Th1/Th2 Balance and Mitigates Ulcerative Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Rats by Xue Bing, Liu Xuelei, Dong Wanwei, Liang Linlang, Chen Keyan

“…Immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and western blot assay were applied to measure the expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB. …”
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Why heads matter in palaeoanthropology: The impacts and consequences of collecting skulls by Lauren Schroeder, Paige Madison, Rebecca R. Ackermann

“… This piece reflects on the importance of and focus on heads – especially the collecting of skulls and its impacts – in alpha taxonomy, biological anthropology, and Western science more broadly. We consider how the announcement and overall discovery story of the Taung Child revolutionised our understanding of hominin cranial evolution, but also fit within these skull-collecting objectives and contributed to the palaeoanthropological fixation on the skull. …”
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An Evaluation of the Responsiveness and Discriminant Validity of Shoulder Questionnaires among Patients Receiving Surgical Correction of Shoulder Instability by Kyle A. R. Kemp, David M. Sheps, Lauren A. Beaupre, Fiona Styles-Tripp, Charlene Luciak-Corea, Robert Balyk

“…Forty-three patients (32 M, 13 F; mean age  =  26.00  ±  8.19 years) undergoing arthroscopic Bankart repair completed three validated shoulder questionnaires (Western Ontario Shoulder Instability index (WOSI), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment form (ASES), Constant score) preoperatively, and at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. …”
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Chronic Unexpected Mild Stress Destroys Synaptic Plasticity of Neurons through a Glutamate Transporter, GLT-1, of Astrocytes in the Ischemic Stroke Rat by Dafan Yu, Zhenxing Cheng, Abdoulaye Idriss Ali, Jiamin Wang, Kai Le, Enkhmurun Chibaatar, Yijing Guo

“…We exposed the ischemic stroke rats to ceftriaxone, during the CUMS intervention period to determine the effects of GLT-1 on glutamate circulation by immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry and its influences to synaptic plasticity by western blot and transmission electron microscopy. …”
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