L1 and Off Sun‐Earth Line Visible‐Light Imaging of Earth‐Directed CMEs: An Analysis of Inconsistent Observations by Richard A. Harrison, Jackie A. Davies, David Barnes, Christian Möstl

“…Abstract The efficacy of coronal mass ejection (CME) observations as a key input to space weather forecasting is explored by comparing on and off Sun‐Earth line observations from the ESA/NASA SOHO and NASA STEREO spacecraft. …”
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Collection, Collation, and Comparison of 3D Coronal CME Reconstructions by C. Kay, E. Palmerio

“…Abstract Predicting the impacts of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is a major focus of current space weather forecasting efforts. Typically, CME properties are reconstructed from stereoscopic coronal images and then used to forward model a CME's interplanetary evolution. …”
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Predictability of Geomagnetically Induced Currents as a Function of Available Magnetic Field Information by Matthew A. Grawe, Jonathan J. Makela

“…Abstract Prediction of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) plays a critical role in the gestalt of space weather forecasting and risk assessment, giving power companies time to enact mitigation strategies that could avoid a catastrophic collapse of the power grid caused by, for example, the impact of an Earth‐directed coronal mass ejection. …”
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SIR‐HUXt—A Particle Filter Data Assimilation Scheme for CME Time‐Elongation Profiles by Luke Barnard, Mathew Owens, Chris Scott, Matthew Lang, Mike Lockwood

“…These experiments are performed for a range of observer locations, from 20° to 90° behind Earth, spanning the L5 point where ESA's Vigil mission will return HI data for operational space weather forecasting. For this idealized scenario, SIR‐HUXt performs well at constraining the CME speed, and has some success at constraining the CME longitude while the CME width is largely unconstrained by SIR‐HUXt. …”
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Statistical Characteristics of Total Electron Content Intensifications on Global Ionospheric Maps by X. Meng, O. P. Verkhoglyadova, S. C. Chapman, N. W. Watkins, M. Cafolla

“…Characterizing key features on TEC maps and understanding their dynamic coupling with external drivers can significantly benefit space weather forecasting. However, comprehensive analysis of ionospheric structuring over decades of TEC maps is currently lacking due to large data volume. …”
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Historical rainstorm in Hong Kong on 7–8 September 2023: Diagnosis, forecasting and nowcasting by Hiu Ching Tam, Yu‐Heng He, Pak Wai Chan, Shiwei Yu, Huisi Mo, Hui Su, Ling‐Feng Hsiao, Yangzhao Gong

“…While recent research of developing a regional risk‐based alerting system on the higher impact event of flooding associated with heavy rain might have potential to enhance the weather service, and emerging AI model showed some promising post‐simulations, predicting historical and record‐breaking rainstorms remains a challenge for operational weather forecasting and warning services.…”
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Prediction of Solar Coronal Structures Using Fourier Neural Operators Based on the Solar Photospheric Magnetic Field Observation by Jingmin Zhao, Xueshang Feng

“…The FNO‐SC model costs 48.7 s for a single CR prediction, and thus facilitates real‐time space weather forecasting.…”
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Thermospheric neutral wind studies over the equatorial region: A review by Siti Syazwani Nasuha, Idahwati Sarudin, Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid, Ahmad Fairuz Omar

“…This review article addresses challenges in understanding equatorial winds by reviewing historical measurements, current missions, and the interactions of ionospheric and thermospheric phenomena, emphasizing the need for comprehensive measurements to improve global atmospheric dynamics and weather forecasting.…”
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Improving Solar Wind Forecasting Using Data Assimilation by Matthew Lang, Jake Witherington, Harriet Turner, Mathew J. Owens, Pete Riley

“…Abstract Data Assimilation (DA) has enabled huge improvements in the skill of terrestrial operational weather forecasting. In this study, we use a variational DA scheme with a computationally efficient solar wind model and in situ observations from STEREO‐A, STEREO‐B and ACE. …”
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The Extreme-ultraviolet Precursors and Postcursors of Solar Flares by Larisza D. Krista

“…These results demonstrate the close connection between EUV signatures and flares and the significant potential EUV signatures have in improving space weather forecasting.…”
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Assessing the Projection Correction of Coronal Mass Ejection Speeds on Time‐of‐Arrival Prediction Performance Using the Effective Acceleration Model by Evangelos Paouris, Angelos Vourlidas, Athanasios Papaioannou, Anastasios Anastasiadis

“…The error in the true (deprojected) speed of CMEs is one of the main causes of uncertainty to Space Weather forecasts, since all estimates of the CME time‐of‐arrival (ToA) at a certain location within the heliosphere require, as input, the CME speed. …”
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Redefining seasons: Dynamic meteorological delineation unveils novel patterns in vegetation phenology responses to climate change by Xinyi Fan, Zhixin Hao, Yang Liu

“…This study systematically demonstrates, for the first time, the extensive influence of climate-driven seasonal changes on vegetation phenology, offering valuable insights for weather forecasting, climate zoning, and phenology management.…”
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Enhancing resilience to climate change: a comprehensive PRISMA review of agricultural and non-agricultural adaptation strategies for Ghana by Silas Uwumborge Takal, Abdul-Wahab Tahiru, IM Rizwanul Fattah, Samuel Jerry Cobbina, Wilhemina Asare, Samuel Kojo Abanyie

“…Farming in Ghana is highly vulnerable to climate change due to factors such as limited financial resources, inadequate land availability, lack of access to technology, and insufficient public infrastructure, including roads, weather forecasting systems, and extension services. Adaptation serves as a critical first line of defense, reducing the impact of climate‑induced challenges in agriculture. …”
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HARNESSING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF AFRICAN APPLICATIONS IN SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND PRECISION AGRICULTURE by Obasi S.N, Tenebe V. A, Obasi C.C, Jokthan G.E, Adjei E.A, Keyagha E.R

“…Using AI to precisely monitor crops, evaluate soil health, and improve decision-making through weather forecasting are some of the main areas of focus. …”
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Predictive Capabilities and Limitations of Stream Interaction Region Observations at Different Solar Longitudes by R. C. Allen, G. C. Ho, L. K. Jian, G. M. Mason, S. K. Vines, D. Lario

“…Abstract Advanced warning of a stream interaction region (SIR) or corotating interaction region (CIR) impinging upon the magnetosphere of Earth is important for space weather forecasting, due to the ability of SIRs/CIRs to trigger geomagnetic storms and affect ionospheric composition and winds. …”
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OSPREI: A Coupled Approach to Modeling CME‐Driven Space Weather With Automatically Generated, User‐Friendly Outputs by C. Kay, M. L. Mays, Y. M. Collado‐Vega

“…Standardized visualizations are automatically generated, providing easily accessible, essential information for space weather forecasting. We show OSPREI results for a CMEs observed in the corona on 22 April and 09 May 2021. …”
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How Do Climate and Nonclimatic Variables Influence the Production of Agricultural Staple Crops in Vulnerable Rural Communities in the Bawku Municipality of Northern Ghana? by Rashida Ayumah, Felix Asante, Lawrence Guodaar, Gabriel Eshun

“…We conclude that to ease the burden of climate on production, better irrigation facilities be provided for the Municipality and weather forecasting information on the pending growing season be made available to farmers to enable them take informed decision. …”
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Forecasting Megaelectron‐Volt Electrons Inside Earth's Outer Radiation Belt: PreMevE 2.0 Based on Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms by Rafael Pires de Lima, Yue Chen, Youzuo Lin

“…PreMevE 2.0 is designed to be driven by observations from longstanding space infrastructure to make high‐fidelity forecasts for MeV electrons, thus can be an invaluable space weather forecasting tool for the future.…”
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Baroclinic instability from an experimental perspective by Harlander, Uwe, Kurgansky, Michael V., Speer, Kevin, Vincze, Miklos

“…., regime transitions and the route to turbulence in the presence of rotation, or geostrophic turbulence, internal wave generation at baroclinic fronts, tests of operational weather forecasting methods, extreme value distributions with regard to climate, and more. …”
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Comparative experimental validation of microwave hyperspectral atmospheric soundings in clear-sky conditions by L. Liu, N. Bliankinshtein, Y. Huang, J. R. Gyakum, P. M. Gabriel, S. Xu, M. Wolde

“…<p>Accurate observations of atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles are essential for weather forecasting and climate change detection. Hyperspectral radiance measurements afford a useful means to retrieve these thermodynamic variable fields by harnessing the rich information contained in the electromagnetic wave spectrum of the atmospheric radiation. …”
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