Analysis of whole genome sequence of strain "0" of avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus by A. A. Kozlov, N. G. Zinyakov, S. N. Kolosov, N. S. Mudrak, I. A. Chvala

“…It is the first complete genetic characterization of the domestic vaccine strain.…”
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Questions from the fourth son: A clinician reflects on immunomonitoring, surrogate markers and systems biology by Charles Wiseman, M.D.

“…Unlike prophylactic vaccines for infectious disease, where the development of antibody is considered a satisfactory endpoint, no such endpoint exists for human therapeutic vaccines. …”
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A Mathematical Model For The Dynamics of Polio. by Owobusingye, Johnan

“…There is a lack of treatment for poliomyelitis and it is only prevented through immunization with live oral polio vaccine (OPV) or/and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). …”
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Expression and delivery of HA1-M2e antigen using an innovative attenuated Salmonella–mediated delivery system confers promising protection against H9N2 avian influenza challenge by Ram Prasad Aganja, In-Shik Kim, Hyun-Jin Tae, John Hwa Lee

“…In vitro expression of the vaccine constructs was validated by western blotting. …”
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RBD-displaying OMV nanovaccine boosts immunity against SARS-CoV-2 by Rang Feng, Ruo-Yi Xue, Chang Liu, Guo-Cheng Li, Yan Deng, Zhe Jin, Jing-Yi Liu, Shan-Shan Zhang, Hao Cheng, Man-Ying Guo, Quan-Ming Zou, Hai-Bo Li

“…Importantly, the induced antibodies effectively inhibited the binding of RBD to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) and neutralized SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. Conclusions This vaccine platform offers an alternative strategy for developing recombinant subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, potentially enhancing immune responses and improving vaccine efficacy. …”
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The Changing Face of Childhood Meningitis by David Scheifele

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Economic impact of cholera in households in rural southern Malawi: a prospective study by Florian Marks, Wilm Quentin, Vittal Mogasale, Amber Hsiao, Enusa Ramani, Hye-Jin Seo, GiDeok Pak, Dan Vuntade, Maurice M’bang’ombe, Bagrey Ngwira

“…The present study estimated the COI of cholera in Nsanje, southern Malawi, as part of the Cholera Surveillance in Malawi (CSIMA) programme following a mass cholera vaccination campaign in 2015.Methods Patients ≥12 months of age who were recruited as part of CSIMA were invited to participate in the COI survey. …”
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Naturally Acquired Antibody Responses to a Synthetic Malaria Antigen AS202.11 by Rebeka Nazareth, Pius Horumpende, Tolbert Sonda, Arnold Ndaro, Edson Mollel, Eliakim Paul, Emmanuel Athanase, Jaffu Chilongola

“…A major challenge to malaria vaccine development is identification of protective epitopes and respective protective immune responses. …”
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Multiplex Evaluation of Influenza Neutralizing Antibodies with Potential Applicability to In-Field Serological Studies by Eleonora Molesti, Edward Wright, Calogero Terregino, Rafat Rahman, Giovanni Cattoli, Nigel J. Temperton

“…Sera obtained from chickens vaccinated with a monovalent H5N2 vaccine, chickens vaccinated with a bivalent H7N1/H5N9 vaccine, or turkeys naturally infected with an H7N3 virus were evaluated in this assay and the results correlated strongly with data obtained by HI assay. …”
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Indirect determination of FMDV 146S component concentration in non-inactivated suspension by comparison of graphs of the second derivative for real-time RT-PCR curves by M. I. Doronin, D. V. Mikhalishin, V. A. Starikov, D. A. Lozovoy, A. V. Borisov

“…In the process of industrial production of FMD vaccines, special attention is paid to the number of whole virions, which have the most important biological properties of FMD virus and are the main components that determine the immunogenicity of vaccine preparations. …”
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Determination of indicators for tests of polysept (polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride) for flocculation properties by M. N. Guseva, M. I. Doronin, M. A. Shevchenko, D. V. Mikhalishin, Y. M. Gochmuradov, V. V. Mikhalishin, Y. S. El’kina

“…In vaccine production, it is particularly important to purify the virus-containing suspension in order to remove ballast proteins and fats, which, when present in high concentrations, are responsible for depression or allergic reactions in animals. …”
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ImmunoglobuliN in the Treatment of Encephalitis (IgNiTE): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial by R Kneen, M Lim, A Vincent, A J Pollard, W K Chong, L-M Yu, M A Iro, M Sadarangani, M Absoud, C A Clark, A Easton, V Gray, M Pike, T Solomon, L Willis

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Perbedaan Kadar Interferon Gamma dan Interleukin-10 pada Orang Dewasa Terinfeksi Ascaris Lumbricoides dengan Tidak Terinfeksi yang Diinduksi Vaksin Bacille Calmette-Guerin by weni Mulyani, Nuzulia Irawati, Netti Suharti

“…It can be concluded that Ascaris lumbricoides infection can pressure IFN-y production on given BCG vaccine. </p><p>Keywords: ascaris lumbricoides, BCG vaccine, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin 10 (IL-10)<br /><br /><br /><br /></p>…”
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The Impact of Media Coverage and Curfew on the Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Model: Stability and Bifurcation by Afrah K. S. Al-Tameemi, Raid K. Naji

“…In fact, to stop the spread of COVID-19, the vaccine of the disease is needed. However, in the absence of the vaccine, people must have to obey curfew and social distancing and follow the media alert coverage rule. …”
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Clinical and economic burden of varicella in pediatric patients hospitalized in four institutions in Guatemala. by Mario Melgar, Ingrid Sajmolo, André Chocó, Lidia Ortiz, Ana Gabriela Cordova, Luis Hernández, Irwing Rivera, Ashly Zuñiga, Claudia Beltrán, Sebastian Medina, Marcel Marcano-Lozada

“…Varicella presents a public health challenge in Guatemala, with limited evidence regarding its impact; vaccine is currently absent from the national immunization program. …”
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Potential Capsule Switching from Serogroup Y to B: The Characterization of Three such Neisseria meningitidis Isolates Causing Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Canada by Raymond SW Tsang, Dennis KS Law, Shaun D Tyler, Gwen S Stephens, Mark Bigham, Wendell D Zollinger

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Balancing mitigation strategies for viral outbreaks by Hamed Karami, Pejman Sanaei, Alexandra Smirnova

“…This paper examined biological models for the post-vaccination stage of a viral outbreak that integrate two important mitigation tools: social distancing, aimed at reducing the disease transmission rate, and vaccination, which boosts the immune system. …”
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Combination Immunotherapy with 4-1BBL and CTLA-4 Blockade for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer by Kuang Youlin, Zhang Li, Weng Xiaodong, Liu Xiuheng, Zhu Hengchen

“…In this study, we examined the effectiveness of 4-1BBL-expressing tumor cell vaccine in combination with CTLA-4 blockade on rejection of murine prostate cancer RM-1. …”
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What Is the Optimal Geometry of Dissolving Microneedle Arrays? A Literature Review by Maira Visscher, Henderik W. Frijlink, Wouter L. J. Hinrichs

“…The application of dissolving microneedle arrays (DMNAs) is an emerging trend in drug and vaccine delivery as an alternative for hypodermic needles or other less convenient drug administration methods. …”
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Interleukin-12p70 Expression by Dendritic Cells of HIV-1-Infected Patients Fails to Stimulate gag-Specific Immune Responses by Ellen Van Gulck, Nathalie Cools, Derek Atkinson, Lotte Bracke, Katleen Vereecken, Marc Vekemans, Viggo F. I. Van Tendeloo, Zwi N. Berneman, Guido Vanham

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