The trend of phylogenetic and epitope variations of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages in Iran by Mehdi Shabani, Ahmad Nejati, Jila Yavarian, Jila Yavarian, Kaveh Sadeghi, Sevrin Zadheidar, Akram Sadat Ahmadi, Monire Ghadirali, Arghavan Zebardast, Adel Abedi, Mohammad Hossein Najmi, Nazanin-Zahra Shafiei-Jandaghi, Talat Mokhtari-Azad

“…The high rate of T-cell epitopes conservation in non-spike proteins among different sub-lineages of the Omicron in this study highlighted the importance of cell-mediated immunity and suggested that non-spike proteins might be more attractive targets for future SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.…”
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Trojan-horse silk fibroin nanocarriers loaded with a re-call antigen to redirect immunity against cancer by Luca Mastracci, Patrizio Castagnola, Elia Bari, Francesca Ferrera, Tiziana Altosole, Sara Perteghella, Pierluigi Mauri, Rossana Rossi, Giulia Passignani, Martina Galati, Giuseppina Iliana Astone, Maddalena Mastrogiacomo, Daniela Fenoglio, Dario Di Silvestre, Maria Luisa Torre, Gilberto Filaci

“…This approach could be universally applied for solid cancer treatments if translated into the clinic using re-call antigens of childhood vaccination.…”
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Using the WHO building blocks to examine cross-border public health surveillance in MENA by Laura Buback, Shayanne Martin, Esbeydy Pardo, Farah Massoud, Jesus Formigo, Atousa Bonyani, Noha H. Farag, Zayid K. Almayahi, Kenta Ishii, Susie Welty, Dana Schneider

“…Recommendations emphasize strengthened governance and leadership to facilitate regional cooperation and information sharing, sustainable financing for implementing a One Health approach, utilizing innovative information systems, workforce development to enhance data collection and analysis, and secure supply chains for medicines and vaccines and equitable service delivery for all mobile populations. …”
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Case report: PD-L1-targeted high-affinity natural killer cells and IL-15 superagonist N-803-based therapy extend overall survival of advanced metastatic pancreatic cancer patients by Tara Seery, Lennie Sender, Omid Jafari, Frank Jones, Patricia Spilman, Sandeep B. Reddy, Patrick Soon-Shiong

“…Some patients also received stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), cyclophosphamide, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and/or experimental ETBX-051 (brachyury) and/or ETBX-061 (MUC1) vaccines. Duration of spIND treatment and responses, for some patients including imaging and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels, and OS from initial diagnosis and the start of spIND therapy were assessed.FindingsThe line/duration of spIND therapy was, for patients 1 through 5, respectively, second line/6.4 months, sixth line/3.5 months, third line/25.4 months, third line/7.4 months, and fourth line/23.2 months. …”
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Plant-Based Antigen Production Strategy for SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein and RBD and Its Application for Detection of Antibody Responses in COVID-19 Patients by Katerina Takova, Valeria Tonova, Ivan Minkov, Eugenia S. Mardanova, Nikolai V. Ravin, Stanislav Kotsev, Maria Pishmisheva, Gergana Zahmanova

“…During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, the development of efficient serological tests for monitoring the dynamics of the disease as well as the immune response after illness or vaccination was critical. In this regard, low-cost and fast production of immunogenic antigens is essential for the rapid development of diagnostic serological kits. …”
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Strengthening research preparedness for crises: lessons from Norwegian government agencies in using randomized trials and quasi-experimental methods to evaluate public policy inter... by Unni Gopinathan, Ingeborg Elgersma, Therese Dalsbø, Mona Bjørbæk, Atle Fretheim

“…A key takeaway from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was that although numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focussed on drugs and vaccines, few policy experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of public policy interventions across various sectors on viral transmission and other consequences. …”
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Knowledge and occupational practices of beauticians and barbers in the transmission of viral hepatitis: A mixed-methods study in Volta Region of Ghana. by Silas Adjei-Gyamfi, Abigail Asirifi, Clotilda Asobuno, Felix Kwame Korang

“…Policy-makers and regulatory bodies should institute and enforce rigorous policies and guidelines on job-related safety measures and health practices including regular training, monitoring, screening, and vaccination programs for these high-risk community workers in Ghana.…”
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Prevalence and Knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women in the Ningo-Prampram District, Ghana by Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui, Elliot Elikplim Akorsu, Albert Abaka-Yawson, Solomon Sosu Quarshie, Stephen Adomako Amankwah, Philip Apraku Tawiah

“…Intensive public health education on the HBV infection is required in the district to help prevent and manage future transmissions as well as inform the population about the negative side effects of the virus and the need to prevent it by way of vaccination.…”
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Oxygen Requirement and Associated Risk Factors in Post-COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Center: A Cross-Sectional Study by Bishnu Deep Pathak, Binit Upadhaya Regmi, Sushil Joshi, Bishal Dhakal, Suhail Sapkota, Kanchan Bishwakarma, Ashim Bhandari, Seejan Pathak, Shriya Sharma, Aakriti Adhikari, Nabin Simkhada, Dhan Shrestha

“…The nonparametric statistical tests were applied to determine the association between the duration of post-COVID-19 oxygen therapy and several other risk factors such as age, gender, comorbidities, smoking status, exposure to firewood, COVID-19 vaccination, and severity of COVID-19. Results. 95 (87.96%) cases required oxygen therapy in their immediate post-COVID-19 period. …”
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Risk of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study based on infected mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus by Jing Ni, Yongfei Zheng, Jiaqi Tian, Jiaqi Tian, Jiaqi Tian, Lin Zhang, Lin Zhang, Lin Zhang, Shuyin Duan

“…Logistic regression analysis identified an interaction between maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and GDM on neonatal infection, where maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.22-0.44) and vaccination for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.50-0.98) were associated with lower odds of neonatal infection, while higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10) and GDM (OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.21-3.21) were associated with higher odds of neonatal infection.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that the coexistence of GDM and perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with an increased probability of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”
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Knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare workers towards COVID-19 in three states of Nigeria in 2022 by Alash’le Abimiku, Nifarta Andrew, Elima Jedy-Agba, Rita Okonkwo, Olumide Okunoye, Oyewole Oyedele, Martin Edun, Ugochi Ezenwelu, Asmau Aminu-Alhaji, Aondoakura Kombu, Timothy Attah, Jibreel Jumare, Kenneth Enwerem, Sophia Osawe, Victor Ejeh, Michaela Udioh, Okame Okah-Avae, Elonna Obak, Olusola Anuoluwapo Akanbi, Mary Okoli, Nnaemeka C Iriemenam, McPaul Okoye

“…Socio-demographic factors associated with satisfactory attitude towards COVID-19 were age group, gender, marital status, vaccination status, and satisfactory knowledge (p<.05). …”
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Evaluating the controlled reopening of nightlife during the COVID-19 pandemic: a matched cohort study in Sitges, Spain, in May 2021 (Reobrim Sitges) by Mercè Marzo-Castillejo, Joan Colom, Betlem Salvador-González, Josep Basora, Oriol Cunillera Puértolas, Sara Contreras-Martos, Darío López Gallegos, Mateo Acedo Anta, Jesús Almeda Ortega

“…A control group was paired by exact age, gender, residence municipality, socioeconomic index, previous SARS-CoV-2-confirmed infection and vaccination status, in a 1:5 ratio, from the primary care electronic health records.Primary outcome Evidence of infection at electronic health records by SARS-CoV-2 at 14-day follow-up.Results Among the 391 participants (median age 37 years; 44% (n=173) women), no positive SARS-CoV-2 cases were detected at 14 days, resulting in a cumulative incidence estimation of 0 (95% CI 0 to 943) per 100 000 inhabitants. …”
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First detection and molecular characterization of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in India: evidence of a new variant in Karnataka by Jagadish B. Hiremath, M. Swathi, R. Ramamoorthy, M. Shijili, Damini Sharma, Divakar Hemadri, H. B. Chethankumar, K. P. Suresh, Sharanagouda S. Patil, Shivasharanappa Nayakvadi, S. P. Satheesha, B. R. Shome, Baldev Raj Gulati

“…Understanding PEDV’s genetic diversity and evolution is essential to develop area-specific vaccines to mitigate the disease impact on India’s pig population.…”
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Nucleic Acid Aptamers for Human Norovirus GII.4 and GII.17 Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) Exhibit Specific Binding and Inhibit VLPs from Entering Cells by Cheng C, Sun M, Li J, Xue Y, Cai X, Liu J, Wang X, Xu S, Xie Y, Zhang J

“…Limited by laboratory culture, no vaccines or drugs have been developed against HuNoVs. …”
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Seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels and humans in the Al-Qassim region of Saudi Arabia and its implications for public health by Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini, Abdullah S. M. Aljohani, Ahmed I. Alajaji, Ayman Elbehiry, Adil Abalkhail, Abdulrahman Almujaidel, Sahar N. Aljarallah, Hazem R. Sherif, Eman Marzouk, Abdelmaged A. Draz

“…Additionally, studies should differentiate between vaccinated and nonvaccinated camels, and standardizing serological tests for diagnosing brucellosis should be prioritized.…”
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Genetic characteristics of influenza A and B viruses circulating in Russia in 2019–2023 by Svetlana B. Yatsyshina, Anna A. Artamonova, Maria A. Elkina, Anna V. Valdokhina, Victoria P. Bulanenko, Aleksandra A. Berseneva, Vasily G. Akimkin

“…These viruses are monitored annually around the world, including Russia, to determine the dominant genetic groups and select the strains to be included in influenza vaccines. Objectives of the study include: analysis of influenza virus circulation in Russia in 2019–2023, phylogenetic and molecular analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) sequences of influenza viruses, detection of mutations associated with drug resistance to neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors and M2-protein (M2) ion channel inhibitors. …”
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The prevalence and distribution of malaria in Mpumalanga Province before and during COVID-19 (2017 - 2022) by I Kleinhans, S Mahanjana, F Els, M Mabona, L A Pitso, G Malatje, G Kok, J Raman

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Neospora caninum infection specifically suppresses the expression of a host lncRNA XR_001919077.1 to facilitate parasite propagation by modulating host cell mitochondrial function... by Shan-Shan Zhao, De-Liang Tao, Jin-Ming Chen, Ming-Yi Zhang, Xin Yang, Jun-Ke Song, Qun Liu, Guang-Hui Zhao

“…However, due to a poor understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of N. caninum infection, no effective drugs and vaccines are currently available. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be important regulators involved in a great number of physiological and pathological processes. …”
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Exploring the role of ESR1 mutations in metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer T cell immune surveillance disruption by Morgane Lopez, Laurie Spehner, Fabrice André, Julien Viot, Evan Seffar, Amélie Marguier, Elsa Curtit, Guillaume Meynard, Erion Dobi, Sylvain Ladoire, Romain Boidot, Romain Loyon, Valentin Derangere, François-Clément Bidard, Christophe Borg, Laura Mansi, Marie Kroemer

“…Then the immunogenicity of ESR1-derived peptides was assessed in Peripheral-Blood-Mononuclear-Cells from 31 healthy donors (HD) and 25 patients with metastatic HR-positive BC by IFN-γ ELISpot assay. A vaccination assay on a humanized mouse model (HLA-A2/DR1) was used to validate the immunogenicity and the presentation of these peptides. …”
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Knowledge, attitude, and perception of Pakistani populations toward monkeypox: a cross-section study by Humayun Yousaf, Abdul Qadeer, Muhammad Sohail, Maqbool Khan, Muhammad Farooq, Zakir Khan, Dalia Fouad, Yu-Chia Liu, Chien-Chin Chen, Chien-Chin Chen, Chien-Chin Chen, Chien-Chin Chen

“…Around more than half of the participants, 52.64% (1824), believe that those who receive the chickenpox vaccination are protected against Mpox. It’s interesting to note that most research participants felt favorably about Mpox. …”
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