Autonomous security analysis and penetration testing model based on attack graph and deep Q-learning network by Cheng FAN, Guoqing HU, Taojie DING, Zhanhua ZHANG

“…With the continuous development and widespread application of network technology, network security issues have become increasingly prominent.Penetration testing has emerged as an important method for assessing and enhancing network security.However, traditional manual penetration testing methods suffer from inefficiency,human error, and tester skills, leading to high uncertainty and poor evaluation results.To address these challenges, an autonomous security analysis and penetration testing framework called ASAPT was proposed, based on attack graphs and deep Q-learning networks (DQN).The ASAPT framework was consisted of two main components:training data construction and model training.In the training data construction phase, attack graphs were utilized to model the threats in the target network by representing vulnerabilities and possible attacker attack paths as nodes and edges.By integrating the common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) vulnerability database, a “state-action”transition matrix was constructed, which depicted the attacker’s behavior and transition probabilities in different states.This matrix comprehensively captured the attacker’s capabilities and network security status.To reduce computational complexity, a depth-first search (DFS) algorithm was innovatively applied to simplify the transition matrix, identifying and preserving all attack paths that lead to the final goal for subsequent model training.In the model training phase, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on DQN was employed to determine the optimal attack path during penetration testing.The algorithm interacted continuously with the environment, updating the Q-value function to progressively optimize the selection of attack paths.Simulation results demonstrate that ASAPT achieves an accuracy of 84% in identifying the optimal path and exhibits fast convergence speed.Compared to traditional Q-learning, ASAPT demonstrates superior adaptability in dealing with large-scale network environments, which could provide guidance for practical penetration testing.…”
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A Precise Analysis of the Behavior of Pit Side Tunnels Caused by Deep Excavation by Huasheng Sun, Yuexin Zhao, Yadong Chen, Jiahui Li

“…However, when the tunnel outside the retaining structure is positioned above the pit’s base, its deformation progressively intensifies with deeper excavation, but the growth rate has a decreasing trend. …”
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Trends in growth and nutritional status of Korean toddlers and preschoolers: a cross-sectional study using 2010–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data by Annisa Turridha, Jae Eun Shim

“…Conclusion South Korea is making significant progress in supporting toddlers and preschoolers, as evidenced by consistent increases in the proportion of children with normal growth and decreases in the prevalence of malnutrition. …”
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高强钢管混凝土柱的抗火性能研究 by 张哲, 王柯, 张猛

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Intratumor heterogeneity: models of malignancy emergence and evolution by R. A. Ivanov, S. A. Lashin

“…By uncovering the mechanisms that determine tumor heterogeneity, researchers can identify key genetic and epigenetic changes that contribute to tumor progression and resistance to treatment. This knowledge enables the development of innovative strategies for targeting specific tumor clones, minimizing the risk of recurrence and improving patient outcomes. …”
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高强冷成型钢开口截面轴压构件的高温后数值仿真与承载力研究 by 张佳慧, 孙梦茹

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内置工字形CFRP型材的方钢管混凝土中长柱双向偏压性能研究 by 冯兴, 李帼昌, 杨志坚, 曹文正

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工业建筑新型全螺栓装配式设备支架的设计与减震措施研究 by 李刚, 刘笑天, 王伟, 李俊霖

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The Rapidly Evolving Treatment Landscape in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Current Status and Future Directions by Yuxin Liu, Clifton Mo, Monique Hartley-Brown, Shonali Midha, Adam S. Sperling, Giada Bianchi, Omar Nadeem, Betsy O’Donnell, Jacob Laubach, Paul G. Richardson

“…Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in the management of multiple myeloma (MM), leading to the development of novel therapeutic approaches and treatment regimens to improve patient outcomes. …”
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ATRA-induced NEAT1 upregulation promotes autophagy during APL cell granulocytic differentiation. by Doudou Tang, Huihui Wang, Yafeng Jiang, Mingjie Chen, Guangsen Zhang, Shangjie Wu, Yewei Wang

“…<h4>Aims</h4>Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) progresses quickly and often leads to early hemorrhagic death. …”
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Hybrid breeding boosted molecular genetics in rye by R. Schlegel

“…Only through the development of new methods such as C-banding, in situ DNA hybridization, enzymology and molecular marker techniques achieved an enormous progress. Particularly, the latter was driven by agronomic success of hybrid breeding in rye. …”
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模块化钢结构建筑连接技术及鲁棒性研究进展与展望 by 陈金林, 侯兆新, 龚超, 刘兆祥, 赵木子, 付张鑫

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重力-抗侧力可分钢框架体系受力性能分析 by 张爱林, 林海鹏, 张艳霞, 朱莉娜, 文闻

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钢框架内嵌ALC双拼板足尺模型振动台试验研究 by 岳峰, 宫海, 倪道峻, 郭建好, 刘博文, 廖凯, 陈乐, 刘宗本, JAISEE Sujit

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ChatGPT in Computer Science Education: A Case Study on a Database Administration Course by Daniel López-Fernández, Ricardo Vergaz

“…The student’s grades in a computer practical exam, a set of theoretical tests to assess progression in knowledge acquisition, and a comprehensive questionnaire are employed as research instruments. …”
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矩形孔口蜂窝组合梁抗剪性能研究 by 贾连光, 杨建华, 刘永方

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Reducing the urge to be physically active in patients with anorexia nervosa through virtual reality: protocol for a randomised-controlled feasibility trial by Nina Timmesfeld, Georgios Paslakis, Georg Halbeisen

“…We define a set of three-tiered, formal progression criteria and employ a ‘traffic light system’ demarcating go (green), amend (amber) and stop (red) signals for advancing to the full-scale RCT.Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Ruhr University Bochum’s Medical Faculty at Campus East-Westphalia (AZ 2024-1296, 9 December 2024). …”
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MAP4 kinase-regulated reduced CLSTN1 expression in medulloblastoma is associated with increased invasiveness by Ece Sönmez, Shen Yan, Meng-Syuan Lin, Martin Baumgartner

“…Abstract De-regulated protein expression contributes to tumor growth and progression in medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant brain tumor in children. …”
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A longitudinal analysis of physical exercise in shaping language learners’ emotional well-being: a comparative analysis between L1 and L2 students by Huma Akram, Ibrahim Naser Oteir

“…Abstract Background Students’ psychological wellness is one of the key elements that improve their well-being and shape their academic progress in the realm of language learning. Among various strategies, physical exercise emerges as an effective approach, allowing learners to manage their emotions considerably. …”
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钢板组合剪力墙轴心受拉性能研究 by 范重, 王金金, 朱丹, 樊健生, 汪家继, 龚进

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