3D ophthalmic ultrasonography at the slit lamp using existing ultrasound systems. by Jack O Thomas, Josiah K To, Parsa Riazi Esfahani, Frithjof Kruggel, William C Tang, Andrew W Browne

“…The study involved designing and evaluating three US phantoms ex vivo and performing in vivo imaging on human subjects to assess the system's applicability.…”
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Flexible Microstrip Antenna for Skin Contact Application by Sudhir Shrestha, Mangilal Agarwal, Parvin Ghane, Kody Varahramyan

“…Analytical results using simulation models and experimental results using skin phantoms are presented and discussed.…”
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Nullspace Control for Automatic Ultrasound Gel Supply by Osburg Jonas, Ernst Floris

“…Functionality is demonstrated by robotic ultrasound scans on phantoms, with gel being automatically applied when needed.…”
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Study of Microwave Tomography Measurement Setup Configurations for Breast Cancer Detection Based on Breast Compression by Alvaro Diaz-Bolado, Paul-Andre Barriere, Jean-Jacques Laurin

“…These findings are confirmed by a series of reconstructions of breast phantoms based on synthetic data obtained at a single frequency of operation.…”
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Normalized Transillumination of Fluorescent Proteins in Small Animals by Giannis Zacharakis, Helen Shih, Jorge Ripoll, Ralph Weissleder, Vasilis Ntziachristos

“…We investigated the capacity of normalized transillumination methods in imaging fluorescent proteins in visible light, in phantoms and in live mice. We demonstrate significant imaging improvements over epi-illumination imaging, as commonly applied today. …”
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Dimensional Enhancement via Supersymmetry by M. G. Faux, K. M. Iga, G. D. Landweber

“…And we introduce the notion of “phantoms” which usefully accommodate higher-dimensional gauge invariance in the context of shadow multiplets in supersymmetric quantum mechanics.…”
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A domed window chamber for multi-modality optical imaging by Photini Rice, Makenna Aitken, Hasina Shir, Ricky Cordova, Jenna Montague, Dustin Tran, Urs Utzinger, Leilei Peng, Ghassan Mouneimne, Jennifer Barton

“…In vitro imaging of collagen gels and microsphere phantoms with and without the dome showed small decreases in signal strength and image resolution due to the dome. …”
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Modeling the Hemodynamic Characteristics of the Carrotic Care Blood Based on Computer Tomography by D. A. Baliuk, N. S. Davydova, M. M. Mezhennaya, M. V. Davydov

“…The resulting model phantoms are modeled in the FlowVision software package using the finite element method. …”
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Review and experimental comparison of speckle-tracking algorithms for X-ray phase contrast imaging by Rafael Celestre, Laurène Quénot, Christopher Ninham, Emmanuel Brun, Luca Fardin

“…This comparison includes applications to different types of samples: phantoms for quantitative analysis and complex samples for assessing image quality. …”
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Establishment of a rapid and quantitative method for detecting the range of infection exposure in preclinical dental education by Ayaka Ueda, Yuki Shinoda-Ito, Kazu Takeuchi-Hatanaka, Takashi Ito, Shintaro Ono, Kimito Hirai, Kazuhiro Omori, Tadashi Yamamoto, Shogo Takashiba

“…Thus, this method is effective in preclinical practice using dental phantoms.…”
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Fluorescence Lifetime Endoscopy with a Nanosecond Time-Gated CAPS Camera with IRF-Free Deep Learning Method by Pooria Iranian, Thomas Lapauw, Thomas Van den Dries, Sevada Sahakian, Joris Wuts, Valéry Ann Jacobs, Jef Vandemeulebroucke, Maarten Kuijk, Hans Ingelberts

“…In this work, the capabilities of an endoscopic lifetime imaging system are demonstrated using a rigid endoscope involving various phantoms and an IRF-free deep learning-based method with only 6-time points. …”
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Effect of Absorption and Scattering on Fluorescence of Buried Tumours by Kawthar M. K. Alghourani, Wesam Bachir, George Karraz

“…This work investigates laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of fluorescence inclusions that are embedded in turbid media. 405 nm laser diode is used for exciting buried protoporphyrin- (PpIX) based inclusions in brain-like optical phantoms. Effects of scattering and absorption of the turbid medium on the recorded fluorescence signal and depth-resolved fluorescence were studied. …”
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Experimental Investigation of Angular Stackgram Filtering for Noise Reduction of SPECT Projection Data: Study with Linear and Nonlinear Filters by Antti P. Happonen, Matti O. Koskinen

“…In this experimental study, we compare the radial sinogram and angular stackgram filtering methods using physical SPECT phantoms. Our study is carried out by employing simple linear and nonlinear filters with ten different Gaussian kernels, in order to provide a comparable investigation. …”
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Model validation for a noninvasive arterial stenosis detection problem by H. Thomas Banks, Shuhua Hu, Zackary R. Kenz, Carola Kruse, Simon Shaw, John Whiteman, Mark P. Brewin, Stephen E. Greenwald, Malcolm J. Birch

“…In order to develop this methodology further, we use one-dimensional shear wave experimental data from novel acoustic phantoms to validate a corresponding viscoelastic mathematical model. …”
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Wavelet-Based Image Registration and Segmentation Framework for the Quantitative Evaluation of Hydrocephalus by Fan Luo, Jeanette W. Evans, Norma C. Linney, Matthias H. Schmidt, Peter H. Gregson

“…The framework, when tested on physical phantoms, had an error of 2.3%. When validated on clinical cases, results showed that cases deemed to be normal/stable had a calculated volume change less than 5%. …”
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Monitoring of microvascular calcification by time-resolved photoacoustic microscopy by Haigang Ma, Yinshi Yu, Yahui Zhu, Hongjun Wu, Haixia Qiu, Ying Gu, Qian Chen, Chao Zuo

“…In this work, we develop a novel and effective time-resolved photoacoustic microscopy (TR-PAM) technology, which can observe the obvious microvascular bio-elastic change in the development process of the MC owing to the calcium deposition along vascular walls.The feasibility of the TR-PAM imaging was validated using a group of agar phantoms and ex vivo tissues. Furthermore, MC pathological animal models were constructed and imaged in situ and in vivo by the TR-PAM to demonstrate its capability for the bio-mechanical monitoring and characterization of MC, and experimental results were consistent with the pathological knowledge. …”
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Nonrigid Medical Image Registration by Finite-Element Deformable Sheet-Curve Models by Jianhua Xuan, Yue Wang, Matthew T. Freedman, Tulay Adali, Peter Shields

“…The experimental results on both digital phantoms and real MR breast images using the new method have been compared to point-based thin-plate-spline (TPS) approach, and have demonstrated a significant and robust improvement in both boundary alignment and local deformation recovery.…”
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A curved compliant spinal bone anchor to enhance fixation strength. by Esther P de Kater, David J Jager, Paul Breedveld, Aimée Sakes

“…Both placement safety and fixation strength of this novel spinal bone anchor were validated on tissue phantoms (Sawbones). The radius of the curved compliant anchor's path demonstrates high precision while exhibiting strong dependence on the bone density in which the anchor is placed. …”
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Parameter Optimization for Quantitative Signal-Concentration Mapping Using Spoiled Gradient Echo MRI by Gasser Hathout, Neema Jamshidi

“…Methods. Water-gadolinium phantoms were constructed for a physiologic range of gadolinium concentrations. …”
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Multimodality Imaging of Endothelial Progenitor Cells with a Novel Multifunctional Probe Featuring Positive Magnetic Resonance Contrast and Near-Infrared Fluorescence by Shenghong Ju, Yiru Qiu, Cong Li, Gao-Jun Teng, Yicheng Ni

“…Fluorescence microscopy of live cells indicated rapid cellular uptake of Conjugate 1 into EPCs in 15 minutes, and flow cytometry studies demonstrated the time-dependent internalization of Conjugate 1 with maximum uptake 48 hours after the treatment. MRI of phantoms demonstrated significant reduction of the T 1 value of the EPC pellet that was pretreated with 2 μM of Conjugate 1 for 24 hours. …”
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